浙江农业学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (9): 1955-1966.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2022.09.14
金侯定1,2(), 郑春颖3, 华斌4, 俞晨良1, 李柯豫1, 喻卫武1,*(
)
收稿日期:
2021-10-08
出版日期:
2022-09-25
发布日期:
2022-09-30
通讯作者:
喻卫武
作者简介:
*喻卫武,E-mail: yww888@zafu.edu.cn基金资助:
JIN Houding1,2(), ZHENG Chunying3, HUA Bin4, YU Chenliang1, LI Keyu1, YU Weiwu1,*(
)
Received:
2021-10-08
Online:
2022-09-25
Published:
2022-09-30
Contact:
YU Weiwu
摘要:
近年来香榧种植规模大幅度增加,但香榧多嫁接繁殖,生产周期长,而扦插繁殖在生产上尚未广泛应用。为解决香榧生产上苗木供应短缺的问题,深化香榧繁殖方面的研究,从解剖学与生根过程中相关酶活性变化开展研究,并且比较了标典3721扦插专用生根液和双吉尔6号生根粉(GGR6)对香榧扦插生根率的影响。结果表明,香榧一年生枝条内有厚壁组织但不连续,无潜伏根原基,根原基起源于愈伤组织;在扦插后约一个月能较快形成根原基,但是其发育并形成不定根突破愈伤组织所需时间较长。标典处理的香榧插穗生根率和愈伤率高于GGR6处理和对照。香榧插穗基部皮层的过氧化物酶(POD)、多酚氧化酶(PPO)、吲哚乙酸氧化酶(IAAO)活性变化与插穗生根密切相关。扦插初期,POD、SOD活性上升,IAAO活性则下降;PPO活性先下降后上升。随着切口愈伤组织的形成和根原基的发生,POD、SOD活性逐渐下降,IAAO活性、PPO活性上升。扦插后期,POD和IAAO活性的上升促使不定根的伸长和生长,SOD活性又开始恢复,PPO活性趋于平缓。香榧扦插生根的诱导与生长过程中,这些酶活性的变化起着重要的作用。扦插初期各处理可溶性蛋白含量均呈上升趋势,随着根原基的发生与不定根的形成与伸长又呈下降趋势。研究结果可以为香榧扦插技术的研发提供理论依据。
中图分类号:
金侯定, 郑春颖, 华斌, 俞晨良, 李柯豫, 喻卫武. 香榧扦插生根解剖学与生理相关酶活性[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2022, 34(9): 1955-1966.
JIN Houding, ZHENG Chunying, HUA Bin, YU Chenliang, LI Keyu, YU Weiwu. Rooting anatomy and physiological enzyme activity of Torreya grandis cuttings[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2022, 34(9): 1955-1966.
图1 香榧插穗的解剖学观察 a,茎横切;b,韧皮部与形成层;c,茎表皮;d,叶迹或枝迹。Cl,表皮层;Co,皮层;Ph,韧皮部;Php,韧皮薄壁组织;Rd,树脂道;CrF,含晶韧皮纤维;C,形成层;Xy,木质部;Pi,髓;LT/BT,叶迹或枝迹;Pi,髓;Vc,维管柱。
Fig.1 Anatomical observation of Torreya grandis ‘Merrillii’ cuttings a, Transectional shoot; b, Phloem and callus; c, Cuticle of the shoot; d, Leaf trace or branch shoot. Cl, Cuticular layer; Co, Cortex; Ph, Phloem; Php, Parenchyma in phloem; Rd, Resin duct; CrF, Crystalliferous phloem fiber; C, Cambial layer; Xy, Xylem; Pi, Pith; LT/BT, Leaf trace or branch trace; Vc, Vascular column.
图2 香榧插穗不定根形成的外部形态变化过程 a,无愈伤组织(7 d);b,出现薄薄一层愈伤组织(15 d);c,愈伤组织明显隆起,颜色为黄褐色(20 d);d,基部愈伤组织继续膨大(35 d);e,基部底端出现黄色突起(45 d);f,白色不定根突破愈伤组织表面(55 d);g,不定根伸长(65 d);h,出现一级侧根(95 d)。图中标尺均表示0.5 cm。
Fig.2 Morphological changes in adventitious roots of Torreya grandis ‘Merrillii’ cuttings a, No callus observed (7 days after cutting); b, A thin layer of callus observed (15 days after cutting); c, Obviously protruded yellow-brown callus (20 days after cutting); d, Continuously swelling callus (35 days after cutting); e, The yellow swelling observed at the bottom of the cut (45 days after cutting); f, White adventitious roots breaking through the callus surface (55 days after cutting); g, Elongating adventitious roots observed on half of the cuttings (65 days after cutting); h, The first grade lateral roots observed (95 days after cutting). Bar scale=0.5 cm.
图3 香榧扦插不定根发育的解剖学观察 a、b,愈伤组织形成部位;c,根原基;d,不定根与茎维管束连接;e,不定根横切;f,不定根纵切。Ca,愈伤组织;RPIC,根原基原始细胞;Cl,表皮层;Co,皮层;C,形成层;Xy,木质部;Pi,髓;Vc,维管柱;Ar,不定根;Per,中柱鞘;PX,初生木质部;PPh,初生韧皮部;RH,根毛;AM,顶端分生组织;M,分生区;Ez,伸长区;Ph,韧皮部。
Fig.3 Anatomical observation of developing adventitious roots of Torreya grandis‘Merrillii’ cuttings a and b, Formation of callus; c, Root primordia; d, Connection between adventitious roots and vascular bundle; e and f, Transverse and longitudinal sections of adventitious roots. Ca, Callus; RPIC, Initial cells in root primordia; Cl, Cuticular layer; Co, Cortex; C, Cambial layer; Xy, Xylem; Pi, Pith; Vc, Vascular column; Ar, Adventitious root; Per, Pericycle; PX, Primary xylem; PPh, Primary phloem; RH, Root hair; AM, Apical meristem; M, Meristem; Ez, Elongation zone; Ph, Phloem.
处理 Treatments | 处理总数 Total | 生根数 Rooting number | 愈伤数 Callus number | 死亡数 Deaths number |
---|---|---|---|---|
对照Control | 90 | 17 | 34 | 39 |
标典Biaodian | 90 | 19 | 54 | 17 |
GGR6 | 90 | 14 | 16 | 61 |
表1 不同处理对香榧扦插生根的影响
Table 1 Effects of different treatments on cutting rooting of Torreya grandis
处理 Treatments | 处理总数 Total | 生根数 Rooting number | 愈伤数 Callus number | 死亡数 Deaths number |
---|---|---|---|---|
对照Control | 90 | 17 | 34 | 39 |
标典Biaodian | 90 | 19 | 54 | 17 |
GGR6 | 90 | 14 | 16 | 61 |
图4 香榧插穗生根过程中相关酶活性的变化 数据以鲜重计。下同。
Fig.4 Changes of related enzyme activities during rooting of Torreya grandis cuttings Data was detected based on fresh weight. The same as below.
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摘要 390
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