生物炭及炭基肥对土壤质量与植物生长的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20230750

浙江农业学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (7): 1634-1645.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20230750

生物炭及炭基肥对土壤质量与植物生长的影响

傅志强¹(), 刘祯¹, 马春花¹, 温梦玲¹, 奚如春¹^,²^,^*()

1.华南农业大学林学与风景园林学院,广东广州 510642
2.广东省森林植物种质创新与利用重点实验室,广东广州 510642

收稿日期:2023-06-10 出版日期:2024-07-25 发布日期:2024-08-05
作者简介:傅志强(1999—),男,福建南平人,硕士研究生,研究方向为森林培育理论与技术。E-mail: FZHIQ1645@163.com
通讯作者: *奚如春,E-mail:xirc2003@126.com
基金资助:
广东省重点领域研发计划(2020B020215003);广东省林业科技创新项目(2018KJCX008)

Effects of biochar and biochar-based fertilizers on soil quality and plant growth

FU Zhiqiang¹(), LIU Zhen¹, MA Chunhua¹, WEN Mengling¹, XI Ruchun¹^,²^,^*()

1. College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
2. Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, Guangzhou 510642, China

Received:2023-06-10 Online:2024-07-25 Published:2024-08-05

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

生物炭作为一种土壤改良剂,可改善土壤结构和理化性状。将生物炭与养分混合制成的炭基肥具有延缓养分释放和降低养分淋失的优点,是一种环保型肥料,在农业上具有巨大的应用潜力。研究表明,生物炭及炭基肥的施用能有效改善土壤理化性质,提高土壤微生物丰度,促进植物生长。该文主要从生物炭及炭基肥对土壤理化性质、土壤微生物群落、植物生长和养分吸收等方面的影响进行综述,并对生物炭及炭基肥的应用提出展望。

关键词: 生物炭, 炭基肥, 土壤质量, 植物生长, 研究进展

Abstract:

Biochar can improve soil structure and properties when applied as a soil amendment. The biochar-based fertilizers made by mixing biochar with nutrients has the advantages of delayed nutrient release and reduced nutrient leaching, which is an environmentally friendly fertilizer with great application potential in agriculture. Studies have shown that the application of biochar and biochar-based fertilizers can effectively improve the physical and chemical properties of soil, increase the abundance of soil microorganisms, and promote plant growth. In the present study, the research progress of biochar and biochar-based fertilizers in agriculture in terms of their effects on soil physical and chemical properties, soil microbial communities, plant growth and nutrient uptake was reviewed, and prospects for the application of biochar and biochar-based fertilizers in agriculture were proposed.

Key words: biochar, biochar-based fertilizer, soil quality, plant growth, research progress

中图分类号:

S156

傅志强, 刘祯, 马春花, 温梦玲, 奚如春. 生物炭及炭基肥对土壤质量与植物生长的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2024, 36(7): 1634-1645.

FU Zhiqiang, LIU Zhen, MA Chunhua, WEN Mengling, XI Ruchun. Effects of biochar and biochar-based fertilizers on soil quality and plant growth[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2024, 36(7): 1634-1645.

图/表 1

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原料类别 Material type	生物炭类型 Biochar type	比表面积 Specific surface area/(m²·g^-1)	平均孔径 Average pore size/nm	改性方法 Modification method	参考文献 References
木本植物 Woody plant	木屑生物炭 Wood chip biochar	53.03	1.62	碱改性、酸改性 Alkali-modified, acid-modified	[21]
	竹屑生物炭 Bamboo chip biochar	141.36	10.25	碱改性 Alkali-modified	[22]
草本植物 Herbaceous plant	芦苇生物炭 Reed biochar	7.91	39.46	镁改性、铁改性、钾改性 Magnesium-modified, iron-modified,	[23]
				potassium-modified
	海藻生物炭 Algae biochar	340.12	1.50	碱改性 Alkali-modified	[24]
农作物残余物 Crop residue	玉米秸秆生物炭 Corn stover biochar	285.32	2.07	氢氧化钾改性 Potassium hydroxide modified	[25]
	水稻秸秆生物炭 Rice straw biochar	121.32	24.24	锰改性、蛭石改性 Manganese-modified, vermiculite-modified	[26]
	稻壳生物炭 Rice husk biochar	145.19	7.49	铁改性、酸改性、碱改性、锌改性 Iron-modified, acid-modified, alkali-modified,	[27]
				zinc-modified
	花生壳生物炭 Peanut shell biochar	197.87	2.16	钙改性、铁改性、硅改性 Calcium-modified, iron-modified,	[28]
				silicon-modified
有机废弃物 Organic waste	污泥生物炭 Sludge biochar	8.10	19.08	铁改性、铝改性 Iron-modified, aluminum-modified	[29]
	沼渣生物炭 Biogas residue biochar	15.50	3.31	碱改性、镁改性 Alkali-modified, magnesium-modified	[30]
粪便 Faeces	人粪生物炭 Human waste biochar	690.80	2.83	—	[31]
	蚓粪生物炭 Earthworm manure biochar	82.40	5.58	—	[32]
	猪粪生物炭 Pig manure biochar	2.18	14.89	酸改性 Acid-modified	[33]

原料类别 Material type	生物炭类型 Biochar type	比表面积 Specific surface area/(m²·g^-1)	平均孔径 Average pore size/nm	改性方法 Modification method	参考文献 References
木本植物 Woody plant	木屑生物炭 Wood chip biochar	53.03	1.62	碱改性、酸改性 Alkali-modified, acid-modified	[21]
	竹屑生物炭 Bamboo chip biochar	141.36	10.25	碱改性 Alkali-modified	[22]
草本植物 Herbaceous plant	芦苇生物炭 Reed biochar	7.91	39.46	镁改性、铁改性、钾改性 Magnesium-modified, iron-modified,	[23]
				potassium-modified
	海藻生物炭 Algae biochar	340.12	1.50	碱改性 Alkali-modified	[24]
农作物残余物 Crop residue	玉米秸秆生物炭 Corn stover biochar	285.32	2.07	氢氧化钾改性 Potassium hydroxide modified	[25]
	水稻秸秆生物炭 Rice straw biochar	121.32	24.24	锰改性、蛭石改性 Manganese-modified, vermiculite-modified	[26]
	稻壳生物炭 Rice husk biochar	145.19	7.49	铁改性、酸改性、碱改性、锌改性 Iron-modified, acid-modified, alkali-modified,	[27]
				zinc-modified
	花生壳生物炭 Peanut shell biochar	197.87	2.16	钙改性、铁改性、硅改性 Calcium-modified, iron-modified,	[28]
				silicon-modified
有机废弃物 Organic waste	污泥生物炭 Sludge biochar	8.10	19.08	铁改性、铝改性 Iron-modified, aluminum-modified	[29]
	沼渣生物炭 Biogas residue biochar	15.50	3.31	碱改性、镁改性 Alkali-modified, magnesium-modified	[30]
粪便 Faeces	人粪生物炭 Human waste biochar	690.80	2.83	—	[31]
	蚓粪生物炭 Earthworm manure biochar	82.40	5.58	—	[32]
	猪粪生物炭 Pig manure biochar	2.18	14.89	酸改性 Acid-modified	[33]

生物炭及炭基肥对土壤质量与植物生长的影响

Effects of biochar and biochar-based fertilizers on soil quality and plant growth

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