生长素对芍药花茎表型和解剖结构的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20240223

浙江农业学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (3): 591-602.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20240223

生长素对芍药花茎表型和解剖结构的影响

任安琪(), 黄依然, 万映伶, 刘燕()

北京林业大学园林学院,花卉种质创新与分子育种北京市重点实验室,国家花卉工程技术研究中心,城乡生态环境北京实验室,北京 100083

收稿日期:2024-03-11 出版日期:2025-03-25 发布日期:2025-04-02
作者简介:任安琪(1998—),女,湖南岳阳人,硕士研究生,研究方向为花卉栽培与繁殖。E-mail:1042359632@qq.com
通讯作者: * 刘燕,E-mail:liu_yan@bjfu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(32071825)

Effects of auxin on flower stem phenotype and anatomy of Paeonia lactiflora

REN Anqi(), HUANG Yiran, WAN Yingling, LIU Yan()

Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China

Received:2024-03-11 Online:2025-03-25 Published:2025-04-02

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为明确生长素对芍药花茎直立性的影响,选取芍药直立品种‘大富贵’‘杨妃出浴’和弯茎品种‘垂头红’‘奇花露霜’为研究对象,使用4个质量浓度生长素(IAA)在芍药生长发育的5个时期进行持续处理,并观测其茎形态和解剖结构的变化。结果表明:IAA处理能使芍药花枝夹角减小,有效改善除‘垂头红’外的花茎直立性;同时,IAA处理在一定程度上降低了‘大富贵’‘杨妃出浴’和‘垂头红’的花茎长,并显著增加‘杨妃出浴’和‘奇花露霜’的花茎粗;总的来看,100 mg·L^-1和150 mg·L^-1是IAA对芍药花茎直立性进行调控的适宜质量浓度,质量浓度过高会影响花发育。观测茎解剖结构发现,IAA处理使4个芍药品种的维管组织发育提前,促进木质化,使除‘垂头红’外3个芍药品种花茎的维管数量、维管束宽在茎发育前中期增加,而皮层细胞层数、厚度和髓部面积占比减小,不同品种表现略有差异。以上结果表明,IAA处理可以促进芍药品种花茎维管组织的提前发育,促进茎成熟,降低花茎长或增加花茎粗从而增强花茎直立性,‘奇花露霜’可能是比‘垂头红’更具备直立性潜力的品种,这为芍药切花品种的选取和花茎性状的改良提供了参考依据。

关键词: 芍药, 生长素, 茎直立性, 解剖结构

Abstract:

This study aimed to investigate the regulatory impact of exogenous auxins on the stem straightness of Paeonia lactiflora. The research focused on four peony varieties, including the upright cultivars Dafugui and Yangfei Chuyu, as well as the bending cultivars Chuitouhong and Qihua Lushuang. Experiments were conducted using four mass concentrations of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) at five different stages of growth and development to observe changes in stem morphology, and anatomical structure. The results showed that IAA treatments could decrease flower stem angle and enhance the flower stem straightness, with the exception of Chuitouhong. Additionally, the IAA treatment led to a reduction in flower stem length for Dafugui, Yangfei Chuyu, and Chuitouhong, while significantly increasing the flower stem diameter of Yangfei Chuyu and Qihua Lushuang. Overall, 100 mg·L^-1 and 150 mg·L^-1 were found to be suitable for regulating the flower stem straightness of P. lactiflora, as excessive mass concentrations affected flower development. Anatomical analysis showed that IAA treatment advanced vascular tissue development and promoted lignification in four cultivars, and it increased the number and the width of vascular bundles at the early and middle stages of flower stem development for the three varieties, except Chuitouhong, while decreasing the cortical cell layers, cortex thickness, and pith area proportion of flower stem, with slight variations among different varieties. These suggested that IAA treatment can enhance the early development of vascular tissue in flower stems of P. lactiflora cultivars, promote flower stem maturation, reduce flower stem length or increase flower stem diameter to enhance flower stem straightness. Qihua Lushuang may exhibit more potential for flower stem straightness compared to Chuitouhong. These offer valuable insights for the selection of cut flower cultivars and the enhancement of flower stem traits.

Key words: Paeonia lactiflora, auxin, stem straightness, anatomical structure

中图分类号:

S682.12

任安琪, 黄依然, 万映伶, 刘燕. 生长素对芍药花茎表型和解剖结构的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2025, 37(3): 591-602.

REN Anqi, HUANG Yiran, WAN Yingling, LIU Yan. Effects of auxin on flower stem phenotype and anatomy of Paeonia lactiflora[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2025, 37(3): 591-602.

图/表 9

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时期 Stage	处理 Treatment	皮层细胞层数Number of cortex cell layers				皮层厚度Cortex thickness/μm
时期 Stage	处理 Treatment	‘大富贵’ Dafugui	‘杨妃出浴’ Yangfei Chuyu	‘垂头红’ Chuitou -hong	‘奇花露霜’ Qihua Lushuang	‘大富贵’ Dafugui	‘杨妃出浴’ Yangfei Chuyu	‘垂头红’ Chuitou -hong	‘奇花露霜’ Qihua Lushuang
S1	CK	14.04 ±1.51	13.75 ±1.14	12.00 ±1.23	12.82 ±1.83	488.02 ±58.59	455.48 ±39.88	379.63 ±49.13	409.87 ±79.66
	IAA	11.58 ±1.30^*	12.69 ±1.20^*	10.71 ±0.99^*	11.88 ±1.54^*	380.41 ±53.07^*	451.48 ±53.93	350.60 ±63.88	372.73 ±61.33
S2	CK	12.57 ±1.08	12.86 ±0.95	10.90 ±1.10	11.68 ±1.25	452.27 ±66.45	439.80 ±30.32	269.21 ±33.56	393.74 ±46.96
	IAA	12.00 ±1.00	13.54 ±1.39	10.31 ±1.08	10.10 ±1.30^*	401.75 ±40.09^*	385.83 ±64.07^*	281.00 ±40.66	354.47 ±51.09^*
S3	CK	11.71 ±1.36	12.50 ±0.76	9.74 ±1.21	10.00 ±1.00	371.10 ±54.08	344.55 ±37.53	253.48 ±20.89	318.32 ±63.20
	IAA	11.00 ±1.78	13.44 ±0.88	9.53 ±1.07	9.42 ±0.96	314.61 ±24.17^*	373.84 ±39.70	244.51 ±18.94	308.28 ±45.26
S4	CK	11.58 ±1.08	12.14 ±1.35	9.75 ±1.06	10.53 ±1.71	350.28 ±45.40	288.72 ±44.79	230.97 ±39.63	297.04 ±54.92
	IAA	11.20 ±1.27	12.86 ±1.04	10.09 ±1.38	9.43 ±1.09	332.27 ±50.93	283.78 ±33.00	235.82 ±38.99	264.77 ±42.90
S5	CK	11.60 ±1.17	12.43 ±0.98	10.29 ±0.95	10.69 ±1.35	294.12 ±42.57	293.22 ±41.12	230.62 ±42.72	251.81 ±36.86
	IAA	11.00 ±1.00	12.75 ±1.04	10.00 ±0.58	9.91 ±1.27	282.63 ±53.02	293.12 ±54.38	212.50 ±19.86	254.55 ±31.37

时期 Stage	处理 Treatment	皮层细胞层数Number of cortex cell layers				皮层厚度Cortex thickness/μm
时期 Stage	处理 Treatment	‘大富贵’ Dafugui	‘杨妃出浴’ Yangfei Chuyu	‘垂头红’ Chuitou -hong	‘奇花露霜’ Qihua Lushuang	‘大富贵’ Dafugui	‘杨妃出浴’ Yangfei Chuyu	‘垂头红’ Chuitou -hong	‘奇花露霜’ Qihua Lushuang
S1	CK	14.04 ±1.51	13.75 ±1.14	12.00 ±1.23	12.82 ±1.83	488.02 ±58.59	455.48 ±39.88	379.63 ±49.13	409.87 ±79.66
	IAA	11.58 ±1.30^*	12.69 ±1.20^*	10.71 ±0.99^*	11.88 ±1.54^*	380.41 ±53.07^*	451.48 ±53.93	350.60 ±63.88	372.73 ±61.33
S2	CK	12.57 ±1.08	12.86 ±0.95	10.90 ±1.10	11.68 ±1.25	452.27 ±66.45	439.80 ±30.32	269.21 ±33.56	393.74 ±46.96
	IAA	12.00 ±1.00	13.54 ±1.39	10.31 ±1.08	10.10 ±1.30^*	401.75 ±40.09^*	385.83 ±64.07^*	281.00 ±40.66	354.47 ±51.09^*
S3	CK	11.71 ±1.36	12.50 ±0.76	9.74 ±1.21	10.00 ±1.00	371.10 ±54.08	344.55 ±37.53	253.48 ±20.89	318.32 ±63.20
	IAA	11.00 ±1.78	13.44 ±0.88	9.53 ±1.07	9.42 ±0.96	314.61 ±24.17^*	373.84 ±39.70	244.51 ±18.94	308.28 ±45.26
S4	CK	11.58 ±1.08	12.14 ±1.35	9.75 ±1.06	10.53 ±1.71	350.28 ±45.40	288.72 ±44.79	230.97 ±39.63	297.04 ±54.92
	IAA	11.20 ±1.27	12.86 ±1.04	10.09 ±1.38	9.43 ±1.09	332.27 ±50.93	283.78 ±33.00	235.82 ±38.99	264.77 ±42.90
S5	CK	11.60 ±1.17	12.43 ±0.98	10.29 ±0.95	10.69 ±1.35	294.12 ±42.57	293.22 ±41.12	230.62 ±42.72	251.81 ±36.86
	IAA	11.00 ±1.00	12.75 ±1.04	10.00 ±0.58	9.91 ±1.27	282.63 ±53.02	293.12 ±54.38	212.50 ±19.86	254.55 ±31.37

时期 Stage	处理 Treatment	髓面积占比Pith area proportion/%
时期 Stage	处理 Treatment	‘大富贵’ Dafugui	‘杨妃出浴’ Yangfei Chuyu	‘垂头红’ Chuitouhong	‘奇花露霜’ Qihua Lushuang
S1	CK	0.368±0.013	0.358±0.014	0.312±0.016	0.300±0.030
	IAA	0.309±0.010^*	0.320±0.003^*	0.331±0.016	0.325±0.011
S2	CK	0.224±0.009	0.262±0.021	0.306±0.021	0.241±0.029
	IAA	0.221±0.014	0.337±0.022^*	0.292±0.019	0.185±0.045^*
S3	CK	0.177±0.028	0.275±0.032	0.169±0.028	0.218±0.014
	IAA	0.180±0.034	0.312±0.029^*	0.155±0.030	0.205±0.016
S4	CK	0.208±0.042	0.290±0.017	0.215±0.018	0.203±0.024
	IAA	0.203±0.017	0.389±0.010^*	0.191±0.029	0.240± 0.023
S5	CK	0.186±0.009	0.324±0.011	0.219±0.043	0.232±0.027
	IAA	0.225±0.028	0.309±0.015	0.232±0.034	0.220±0.032

时期 Stage	处理 Treatment	髓面积占比Pith area proportion/%
时期 Stage	处理 Treatment	‘大富贵’ Dafugui	‘杨妃出浴’ Yangfei Chuyu	‘垂头红’ Chuitouhong	‘奇花露霜’ Qihua Lushuang
S1	CK	0.368±0.013	0.358±0.014	0.312±0.016	0.300±0.030
	IAA	0.309±0.010^*	0.320±0.003^*	0.331±0.016	0.325±0.011
S2	CK	0.224±0.009	0.262±0.021	0.306±0.021	0.241±0.029
	IAA	0.221±0.014	0.337±0.022^*	0.292±0.019	0.185±0.045^*
S3	CK	0.177±0.028	0.275±0.032	0.169±0.028	0.218±0.014
	IAA	0.180±0.034	0.312±0.029^*	0.155±0.030	0.205±0.016
S4	CK	0.208±0.042	0.290±0.017	0.215±0.018	0.203±0.024
	IAA	0.203±0.017	0.389±0.010^*	0.191±0.029	0.240± 0.023
S5	CK	0.186±0.009	0.324±0.011	0.219±0.043	0.232±0.027
	IAA	0.225±0.028	0.309±0.015	0.232±0.034	0.220±0.032

时期 Stage	处理 Treatment	维管束数量Vascular bundle number				维管束宽Vascular bundle width/μm
时期 Stage	处理 Treatment	‘大富贵’ Dafugui	‘杨妃出浴’ Yangfei Chuyu	‘垂头红’ Chuitou- hong	‘奇花露霜’ Qihua Lushuang	‘大富贵’ Dafugui	‘杨妃出浴’ Yangfei Chuyu	‘垂头红’ Chuitou- hong	‘奇花露霜’ Qihua Lushuang
S1	CK	21.33 ±1.16	20.00 ±1.00	16.50 ±2.52	17.00 ±0.82	788.87 ±148.15	679.40 ±113.78	672.01 ±88.56	640.54 ±151.83
	IAA	22.33 ±1.16	21.67 ±1.16	16.50 ±1.29	18.00 ±0.82	771.61 ±163.84	751.83 ±114.69	674.48 ±90.95	623.45 ±153.60
S2	CK	20.75 ±0.50	20.33 ±0.58	17.80 ±0.84	16.75 ±1.71	734.09 ±71.78	737.42 ±126.76	530.34 ±78.94	713.22 ±110.84
	IAA	21.33 ±0.58	26.00 ±2.00^*	19.00 ±1.16	18.00 ±0.82	786.15 ±103.16^*	763.69 ±121.01	578.45 ±108.90	733.03 ±131.15
S3	CK	19.80 ±1.10	21.00 ±0.01	17.67 ±1.53	14.50 ±0.58	807.19 ±72.23	628.15 ±117.37	543.99 ±73.60	773.17 ±172.11
	IAA	22.33 ±0.58^*	23.33 ±1.53^*	18.00 ±1.00	15.25 ±0.96	790.16 ±73.32	728.64 ±161.83^*	550.19 ±52.69	849.86 ±172.74^*
S4	CK	21.50 ±1.29	21.00 ±1.00	16.00 ±1.87	15.00 ±0.82	876.93 ±121.65	596.51 ±115.99	535.33 ±97.92	755.78 ±169.76
	IAA	24.33 ±0.58^*	25.33 ±0.58^*	17.20 ±1.30	16.00 ±2.16	881.02 ±119.76	598.41 ±129.65	566.20 ±59.22	813.06 ±134.04
S5	CK	20.80 ±1.48	17.00 ±1.73	17.50 ±1.29	14.75 ±0.50	762.31 ±106.33	688.12 ±115.38	607.91 ±99.91	804.23 ±189.94
	IAA	20.00 ±1.41	19.67 ±0.58^*	17.20 ±0.84	15.50 ±1.29	752.13 ±98.87	708.26 ±104.66	604.42 ±101.76	795.20 ±144.66

生长素对芍药花茎表型和解剖结构的影响

Effects of auxin on flower stem phenotype and anatomy of Paeonia lactiflora

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