农药对土壤生物的生态风险评估现状与展望

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20250228

浙江农业学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (12): 2642-2648.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20250228

• 综述 • 上一篇

农药对土壤生物的生态风险评估现状与展望

廖建华(), 葛峰, 单迪迪, 续卫利, 蔡小宇, 吴文铸^*(), 朱昱璇^*()

生态环境部南京环境科学研究所生态环境部农药环境评价与污染控制重点实验室,江苏南京 210042

收稿日期:2025-03-20 出版日期:2025-12-25 发布日期:2026-01-09
作者简介:廖建华(1990—),男,安徽金寨人,硕士,助理研究员,主要从事农药环境毒理与生态风险评估研究。E-mail:liao_jianhua@126.com
通讯作者: *吴文铸,E-mail:wwz@nies.org;朱昱璇,E-mail:zhuyuxuan1210@163.com

Present situation and prospects of ecological risk assessment of pesticides on soil organisms

LIAO Jianhua(), GE Feng, SHAN Didi, XU Weili, CAI Xiaoyu, WU Wenzhu^*(), ZHU Yuxuan^*()

Key Laboratory of Pesticide Environmental Assessment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China

Received:2025-03-20 Online:2025-12-25 Published:2026-01-09

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

农药的使用对土壤生物产生了显著影响,因此在农药登记管理中需要就其对土壤生物的风险进行评估。本文从农药登记的生态风险评估指南、生态效应测试标准和暴露评估模型等方面,综述了欧盟、美国和中国关于农药对土壤生物生态风险评估的研究进展,并就农药对土壤生物的生态风险评估提出建议,以期为中国农药对土壤生物生态风险评估体系的完善提供参考。

关键词: 农药, 土壤生物, 风险评估

Abstract:

The application of pesticides has a significant impact on soil organisms, therefore, risk assessment of pesticides to soil organisms is needed in pesticide registration management. In this study, the research progress on ecological risk assessment of pesticides to soil organisms in European Union, United States and China was summarized from the aspects of ecological risk assessment guidelines, ecological effect test standards and exposure assessment models for pesticide registration. Finally, suggestions were put forward for the ecological risk assessment of pesticides to soil organisms, to provide reference for improving the risk assessment system of pesticides to soil organisms in China.

Key words: pesticides, soil organisms, risk assessment

中图分类号:

TQ450.2

廖建华, 葛峰, 单迪迪, 续卫利, 蔡小宇, 吴文铸, 朱昱璇. 农药对土壤生物的生态风险评估现状与展望[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2025, 37(12): 2642-2648.

LIAO Jianhua, GE Feng, SHAN Didi, XU Weili, CAI Xiaoyu, WU Wenzhu, ZHU Yuxuan. Present situation and prospects of ecological risk assessment of pesticides on soil organisms[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2025, 37(12): 2642-2648.

图/表 2

参考文献 29

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测试准则Test guidelines	测试号Test No.
蚯蚓急性毒性试验Earthworm, acute toxicity tests	OECD 207-1984^[5]
土壤微生物毒性试验(氮转化方法)Soil microorganisms nitrogen transformation test	OECD 216-2000^[6]
土壤微生物毒性试验(碳转化方法)Soil microorganisms carbon transformation test	OECD 217-2000^[7]
线蚓生殖测试Enchytraeid reproduction test	OECD 220-2016^[8]
蚯蚓繁殖毒性试验Earthworm reproduction test(Eisenia fetida/Eisenia andrei)	OECD 222-2016^[9]
土壤中捕食性螨虫繁殖试验Predatory mite (Hypoaspis (Geolaelaps) aculeifer) reproduction test in soil	OECD 226-2016^[10]
土壤中跳虫繁殖测试Collembolan reproduction test in soil	OECD 232-2016^[11]
有机质分解袋试验Guidance document on the breakdown of organic matter in litter bags	OECD 56-2006^[12]

测试准则Test guidelines	测试号Test No.
蚯蚓急性毒性试验Earthworm, acute toxicity tests	OECD 207-1984^[5]
土壤微生物毒性试验(氮转化方法)Soil microorganisms nitrogen transformation test	OECD 216-2000^[6]
土壤微生物毒性试验(碳转化方法)Soil microorganisms carbon transformation test	OECD 217-2000^[7]
线蚓生殖测试Enchytraeid reproduction test	OECD 220-2016^[8]
蚯蚓繁殖毒性试验Earthworm reproduction test(Eisenia fetida/Eisenia andrei)	OECD 222-2016^[9]
土壤中捕食性螨虫繁殖试验Predatory mite (Hypoaspis (Geolaelaps) aculeifer) reproduction test in soil	OECD 226-2016^[10]
土壤中跳虫繁殖测试Collembolan reproduction test in soil	OECD 232-2016^[11]
有机质分解袋试验Guidance document on the breakdown of organic matter in litter bags	OECD 56-2006^[12]

农药对土壤生物的生态风险评估现状与展望

Present situation and prospects of ecological risk assessment of pesticides on soil organisms

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