黄桃中4种农药残留动态与风险评估

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20230085

浙江农业学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (2): 432-440.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20230085

黄桃中4种农药残留动态与风险评估

刘玉红¹(), 金检生², 陈丽萍³, 孙彩霞¹^,^*()

1.浙江省农业科学院农产品质量安全与营养研究所,浙江杭州 310021
2.湖州市吴兴区农业技术推广服务中心,浙江湖州 313000
3.湖州市农业科技发展中心,浙江湖州 313000

收稿日期:2023-01-31 出版日期:2024-02-25 发布日期:2024-03-05
作者简介:刘玉红(1993—),女,安徽池州人,硕士,助理研究员,研究方向为农产品质量安全。E-mail:1608811490@qq.com
通讯作者: *孙彩霞,E-mail:suncaixia0571@126.com
基金资助:
农业标准化生产示范县创建(“一县一品一策”)重大专项(ZJNY2021001)

Residue dynamics and risk assessment of four pesticides in yellow peach

LIU Yuhong¹(), JIN Jiansheng², CHEN Liping³, SUN Caixia¹^,^*()

1. Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
2. Agricultural Technology Promotion & Service Center of Wuxing District, Huzhou City, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang, China
3. Agricultural Science and Technology Development Center of Huzhou, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang, China

Received:2023-01-31 Online:2024-02-25 Published:2024-03-05

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探明4种未登记农药(腐霉利、氯虫苯甲酰胺、甲维盐和多效唑)在黄桃上的安全性和消解特性,在施药后套袋和施药后不套袋2种处理方法下,开展了这4种农药在黄桃中的消解动态与膳食风险评估研究。建立了液相色谱-串联质谱联用(LC-MS/MS)分析方法同时测定黄桃中4种未登记农药残留量。结果表明,在0.05~5.0 mg·kg^-1(腐霉利、氯虫苯甲酰胺和多效唑)和0.001~0.05 mg·kg^-1(甲维盐)添加水平下,4种农药的平均回收率为75.6%~111.3%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.9%~5.2%。4种农药在黄桃中的降解均符合一级动力学方程。根据农药残留和风险评估结果,在推荐剂量下甲维盐和多效唑建议在黄桃上设置14 d的安全间隔期(PHI),氯虫苯甲酰胺建议设置3 d的PHI;腐霉利因降解比较缓慢,不建议在黄桃生产上使用。

关键词: 黄桃, 套袋, 未登记农药, 残留动态, 风险评估

Abstract:

To clarify food safety and dissipation dynamics of four unregistered pesticides (procymidone, chlorantraniliprole, emamectin benzoate and paclobutrazol) in yellow peach, the degradation dynamics and dietary risk assessment of these four pesticides in yellow peach were studied under two treatment methods of bagged and non-bagged. Based on liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) technology, a simple and practical method was established to measure the residues of four unregistered pesticides in yellow peach. The mean recoveries of four pesticides in yellow peach were 75.6%-111.3% at spiking levels from 0.05 to 5.0 mg·kg^-1 (procymidone, chlorantraniliprole and paclobutrazol) and 0.001 to 0.05 mg·kg^-1 (emamectin benzoate) with relative standard deviation (RSD) of 0.9%-5.2%. The degradation of four pesticides in the yellow peach accorded with the first-order kinetic equation. Based on the results of pesticide residue and risk assessment, emamectin benzoate and paclobutrazol should be used on the yellow peach with a preharvest interval (PHI) of 14 days, and chlorantraniliprole should be used on the yellow peach with a PHI of 3 days at the recommended dose. Due to the slow degradation of procymidone, it is not recommended to use procymidone in yellow peach.

Key words: yellow peach, bagged, unregistered pesticide, residue dynamics, risk assessment

中图分类号:

S481.8

刘玉红, 金检生, 陈丽萍, 孙彩霞. 黄桃中4种农药残留动态与风险评估[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2024, 36(2): 432-440.

LIU Yuhong, JIN Jiansheng, CHEN Liping, SUN Caixia. Residue dynamics and risk assessment of four pesticides in yellow peach[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2024, 36(2): 432-440.

图/表 6

参考文献 36

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农药名称 Pesticide	线性范围 Range of linearity/ (mg·L^-1)	溶剂标准曲线 Solvent standard curve	基质标准曲线 Matrix standard curve	基质效应 Matrix effect/%
腐霉利 Procymidone	0.01~1.00	y=2.67×10⁷x+2.79×10⁵ R²=0.999 7	y=3.05×10⁷x+3.74×10⁵ R²=0.999 8	14.2
氯虫苯甲酰胺 Chlorantraniliprole	0.01~1.00	y=2.36×10⁷x+7.71×10⁴ R²=0.999 5	y=2.75×107x+1.01×105 R²=0.999 8	16.5
甲维盐 Emamectin benzoate	0.005~0.50	y=1.76×10⁸x+5.72×10⁴ R²=0.999 3	y=1.89×10⁸x+3.23×10⁴ R²=0.999 5	7.4
多效唑 Paclobutrazol	0.01~1.00	y=3.23×10⁷x-4.35×10⁴ R²=0.999 5	y=3.80×10⁷x-1.32×10⁵ R²=0.999 2	17.6

农药名称 Pesticide	线性范围 Range of linearity/ (mg·L^-1)	溶剂标准曲线 Solvent standard curve	基质标准曲线 Matrix standard curve	基质效应 Matrix effect/%
腐霉利 Procymidone	0.01~1.00	y=2.67×10⁷x+2.79×10⁵ R²=0.999 7	y=3.05×10⁷x+3.74×10⁵ R²=0.999 8	14.2
氯虫苯甲酰胺 Chlorantraniliprole	0.01~1.00	y=2.36×10⁷x+7.71×10⁴ R²=0.999 5	y=2.75×107x+1.01×105 R²=0.999 8	16.5
甲维盐 Emamectin benzoate	0.005~0.50	y=1.76×10⁸x+5.72×10⁴ R²=0.999 3	y=1.89×10⁸x+3.23×10⁴ R²=0.999 5	7.4
多效唑 Paclobutrazol	0.01~1.00	y=3.23×10⁷x-4.35×10⁴ R²=0.999 5	y=3.80×10⁷x-1.32×10⁵ R²=0.999 2	17.6

农药 Pesticide	质量分数 Mass fraction/(mg·kg^-1)	平均回收率 Average recovery/%	相对标准偏差 Relative standard deviation/%
腐霉利Procymidone	0.05	78.3	2.1
	2.0	108.9	2.8
	5.0	102.3	5.2
氯虫苯甲酰Chlorantraniliprole	0.05	93.7	1.8
	2.0	79.2	2.1
	5.0	75.6	2.7
甲维盐Emamectin benzoate	0.001	84.9	1.2
	0.02	84.1	1.5
	0.05	80.6	0.9
多效唑Paclobutrazol	0.05	111.3	1.8
	2.0	102.1	2.6
	5.0	100.3	1.1

农药 Pesticide	质量分数 Mass fraction/(mg·kg^-1)	平均回收率 Average recovery/%	相对标准偏差 Relative standard deviation/%
腐霉利Procymidone	0.05	78.3	2.1
	2.0	108.9	2.8
	5.0	102.3	5.2
氯虫苯甲酰Chlorantraniliprole	0.05	93.7	1.8
	2.0	79.2	2.1
	5.0	75.6	2.7
甲维盐Emamectin benzoate	0.001	84.9	1.2
	0.02	84.1	1.5
	0.05	80.6	0.9
多效唑Paclobutrazol	0.05	111.3	1.8
	2.0	102.1	2.6
	5.0	100.3	1.1

农药 Pesticide	处理 Treatment	不同时间的农药残留量Pesticide residues at different time
农药 Pesticide	处理 Treatment	0 d(2 h)	1 d	3 d	5 d	7 d	14 d	21 d
腐霉利	不套袋Non-bagged	2.890	1.650	1.420	1.320	1.030	0.900	0.730
Procymidone	套袋Bagged	2.890	2.170	1.815	1.525	1.460	1.220	1.030
氯虫苯甲酰胺	不套袋Non-bagged	0.257	0.123	0.104	0.090	0.069	0.054	0.049
Chlorantraniliprole	套袋Bagged	0.257	0.178	0.145	0.102	0.095	0.090	0.072
甲维盐	不套袋Non-bagged	0.037	0.011 9	0.008 1	0.002 9	0.002 4	0.001 1	0.000 9
Emamectin benzoate	套袋Bagged	0.037	0.022 2	0.016 5	0.009 4	0.006 4	0.004 0	0.001 8
多效唑	不套袋Non-bagged	1.680	1.237	0.959	0.475	0.287	0.221	0.204
Paclobutrazol	套袋 Bagged	1.680	1.620	1.202	0.997	0.745	0.489	0.373

黄桃中4种农药残留动态与风险评估

Residue dynamics and risk assessment of four pesticides in yellow peach

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农药Pesticide	指标Index	处理Treatment	1 d	3 d	5 d	7 d	14 d	21 d
腐霉利	日均膳食暴露量	不套袋Non-bagged	0.160	0.137	0.128	0.100	0.087	0.071
Procymidone	Average daily dietary exposure	套袋Bagged	0.210	0.175	0.147	0.141	0.118	0.100
	风险商Risk quotient	不套袋Non-bagged	1.595	1.373	1.276	0.996	0.870	0.706
		套袋 Bagged	2.098	1.755	1.474	1.411	1.179	0.996
氯虫苯甲酰胺	日均膳食暴露量	不套袋Non-bagged	0.012	0.010	0.009	0.007	0.005	0.005
Chlorantraniliprole	Average daily dietary exposure	套袋Bagged	0.017	0.014	0.010	0.009	0.009	0.007
	风险商Risk quotient	不套袋Non-bagged	0.006	0.005	0.004	0.003	0.003	0.002
		套袋Bagged	0.009	0.007	0.005	0.005	0.004	0.003
甲维盐	日均膳食暴露量	不套袋Non-bagged	0.001 2	0.000 8	0.000 3	0.000 2	0.000 1	0.000 1
Emamectin benzoate	Average daily dietary exposure	套袋 Bagged	0.002 1	0.001 6	0.000 9	0.000 6	0.000 4	0.000 2
	风险商Risk quotient	不套袋Non-bagged	2.300 7	1.566 0	0.560 7	0.464 0	0.212 7	0.200 0
		套袋Bagged	4.292 0	3.190 0	1.817 3	1.237 3	0.773 3	0.348 0
多效唑	日均膳食暴露量	不套袋Non-bagged	0.120	0.093	0.046	0.028	0.021	0.020
Paclobutrazol	Average daily dietary exposure	套袋Bagged	0.157	0.116	0.096	0.072	0.047	0.036
	风险商Risk quotient	不套袋Non-bagged	1.196	0.927	0.459	0.277	0.214	0.197
		套袋Bagged	1.566	1.162	0.964	0.720	0.473	0.361

农药 Pesticide	中国 China	欧盟 European Union	日本 Japan	韩国 Korea	CAC
腐霉利	—	0.01^*	0.2	0.5	—
Procymidone
氯虫苯甲酰胺	2^*	1.0	0.4	—	—
Chlorantraniliprole
甲维盐	0.03	0.15	0.1	0.2	0.03
Emamectin benzoate
多效唑	—	0.15	0.2	0.05T	—
Paclobutrazol

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