多糖对镉胁迫下水稻种子萌发与糖代谢的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20250338

浙江农业学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (6): 1164-1176.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20250338

多糖对镉胁迫下水稻种子萌发与糖代谢的影响

姜楠^a(), 邓欣瑶^a, 钟敏^a^,^b, 程新^a^,^b^,^*()

江西农业大学 a. 生物科学与工程学院; b. 应用微生物研究所, 江西南昌 330045

收稿日期:2025-04-25 出版日期:2026-06-25 发布日期:2026-07-14
作者简介:姜楠,研究方向为生物学。E-mail: 1626511125@qq.com
通讯作者: ^*程新,E-mail: xincheng@jxau.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(32460533)

Effects of exopolysaccharides on rice seed germination and sugar metabolism under cadmium stress

JIANG Nan^a(), DENG Xinyao^a, ZHONG Min^a^,^b, CHENG Xin^a^,^b^,^*()

a. College of Biological Science and Engineering; b. Institute of Applied Microbiology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China

Received:2025-04-25 Published:2026-06-25 Online:2026-07-14

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用水培法研究了胞外多糖(exopolysaccharides, EPS)对镉(Cd)胁迫下水稻种子萌发过程中生长发育和糖代谢的影响,并以活性氧(reactive oxygen species, ROS)抑制剂为工具,探索了ROS作为信号分子在这一过程中的作用。结果表明,Cd胁迫会严重抑制水稻种子的萌发,对根部的抑制效应尤为显著。添加EPS会显著改变Cd胁迫下水稻种子根部的构型,促进根长的延伸。ROS是种子萌发过程中的重要调控因子,ROS水平降低会严重抑制水稻根部的发育。Cd胁迫对种子萌发过程中的淀粉酶活性有一定的促进作用,同时严重影响糖酵解途径的关键酶活性和葡萄糖等单糖的含量;而添加外源EPS显著改变了Cd胁迫下丙酮酸激酶和果糖-6-磷酸激酶的活性,说明水稻通过提高淀粉降解水平并调控糖代谢来应对外界Cd胁迫。ROS水平的降低也会导致总淀粉酶和β-淀粉酶活性升高,同时对糖代谢速率有显著影响,在水稻萌发的不同阶段,ROS对水稻种子糖酵解途径的调节效应呈现不同趋势。上述结果表明,EPS可有效缓解Cd对水稻种子萌发的抑制效应,尤其对根部构型的影响更为显著;对糖代谢的调控可能是多糖类物质发挥生物学活性的重要途径之一,同时ROS可能在此过程中发挥了重要的信号分子作用。

关键词: 水稻, 种子萌发, 活性氧, 镉, 胞外多糖

Abstract:

A hydroponic experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of exopolysaccharides (EPS) on the growth,development and sugar metabolism of rice seeds during germination under cadmium (Cd) stress were investigated using hydroponics, with reactive oxygen species (ROS) inhibitor was used to explore the signaling role of ROS in this process. The results showed that Cd stress severely inhibited rice seed germination, particularly root development. However, EPS supplementation significantly altered root architecture under Cd stress and promoted root elongation. ROS played a crucial regulatory role in seed germination, and reducing ROS levels strongly suppressed root growth. Cd stress moderately enhanced amylase activity during germination, while severely inhibiting the activities of key enzyines in the glycolytic pathway and reducing the contents of monosaccharides (e.g., glucose). Exogenous EPS notably altered pyruvate kinase and phosphofructokinase activities under Cd stress, suggesting that rice adapts to Cd stress by enhancing starch degradation and modulating sugar metabolism. Reducing ROS levels also increased total amylase and β-amylase activities, while significantly affecting sugar metabolic rates. ROS exhibited stage-dependent regulatory effects on the glycolytic pathway during rice germination. In summary, EPS effectively alleviated Cd-induced inhibition of rice seed germination, particularly in root morphology. The regulation of sugar metabolism may be a key mechanism underlying EPS bioactivity, with ROS likely serving as an important signaling molecule in this process.

Key words: rice, seed germination, reactive oxygen species, cadmium, exopolysaccharides

中图分类号:

S511

姜楠, 邓欣瑶, 钟敏, 程新. 多糖对镉胁迫下水稻种子萌发与糖代谢的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2026, 38(6): 1164-1176.

JIANG Nan, DENG Xinyao, ZHONG Min, CHENG Xin. Effects of exopolysaccharides on rice seed germination and sugar metabolism under cadmium stress[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2026, 38(6): 1164-1176.

图/表 7

图1 胞外多糖(EPS)对Cd胁迫下水稻种子萌发的影响相同Cd浓度处理下不同柱子上无相同小写字母表示差异显著(p<0.05)。图2同。

Fig.1 Effect of exopolysaccharides(EPS) on rice seed germination under cadmium stress Bars under the same cadmium concentration treatment marked without the same lowercase letter indicates significant (p<0.05) differences. The same as Fig.2.

图2 胞外多糖(EPS)对Cd胁迫下水稻幼苗根部可溶性糖和蛋白质含量的影响

Fig.2 Effects of exopolysaccharides(EPS) on the content of soluble sugars and proteins in rice seedling roots under cadmium stress

图3 不同处理下水稻种子中活性氧含量的变化 EPS,胞外多糖;DPI,二苯基氯化碘盐。相同处理时间柱子上无相同小写字母表示差异显著(p<0.05)。图4~7同。

Fig.3 Changes of reactive oxygen species content in rice seed under different treatments EPS, Exopolysaccharides; DPI, Diphenyleneiodonium chloride. Bars of the same treatment time marked without the same lowercase letter indicates significant (p<0.05) differences. The same as Fig.4-7.

图4 不同处理下水稻种子的萌发与生长情况

Fig.4 Germination and growth of rice seed under different treatments

图5 不同处理下水稻种子萌发时的淀粉含量与淀粉酶活性

Fig.5 Starch content and amylase activity during rice seed germination under different treatments

图6 不同处理下水稻种子萌发时可溶性糖含量的变化总糖含量为蔗糖、葡萄糖、果糖含量之和。

Fig.6 Changes in soluble sugar content during rice seed germination under different treatments The total sugar content is the sum up of content of sucrose, glucose and fructose.

图7 不同处理下水稻种子萌发时糖代谢途径关键酶活性的变化

Fig.7 Changes in key enzyme activities of sugar metabolism pathways during rice seed germination under different treatments

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多糖对镉胁迫下水稻种子萌发与糖代谢的影响

Effects of exopolysaccharides on rice seed germination and sugar metabolism under cadmium stress

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