Transcriptome-based analysis of the role of endogenous hormones in regulating flower development in loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.)

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20230143

Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis ›› 2023, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (7): 1648-1661.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20230143

• Horticultural Science • Previous Articles Next Articles

Transcriptome-based analysis of the role of endogenous hormones in regulating flower development in loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.)

XU Hongxia¹(), LI Xiaoying¹, GE Hang¹, ZHU Qixuan¹^,², CHEN Junwei¹^,^*()

1. Institute of Horticulture, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
2. College of Horticultural Science & Technology, Hebei Normal University of Science & Technology, Qinhuangdao 066600, Hebei, China

Received:2023-02-14 Online:2023-07-25 Published:2023-08-17
Contact: CHEN Junwei

Abstract

Abstract:

To study the flower development mechanism in Eriobotrya japonica Lindl. ‘Ninghaibai’, transcriptome analysis was performed on the apical buds, floral buds, or inflorescences at 5 different stages, including physiological differentiation stage (EjS1), morphological differentiation stage (EjS2), inflorescence emergence and expansion stage (EjS3), single flower development stage (EjS4) and blossoming stage (EjS5). The aim was to identify the highest correlated metabolic pathways associated with the flower developoment. The changes of hormone levels of auxin (IAA), abscisic acid (ABA), gibberellin (GA), and zeatin riboside (ZR) during flower development were determined, and the specific expression patterns of hormone metabolism and signal transduction genes as well as MADS-box family genes were analyzed. Some flower development-related genes were verified by real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis. The results showed that differentially expressed genes at different developmental stages were significantly enriched in plant hormone metabolism and signal transduction pathways. Low content of IAA and GA and high content of ABA were beneficial to the formation of loquat flower buds, while high level of GA and ABA promoted the flowering of loquat. High levels of ZR promoted flower bud differentiation and panicle formation in loquat, and may be related to flower organ formation. The genes related to plant hormone metabolism and signal transduction pathway interact with each other to regulate hormone levels, and together with MADS-box family genes to regulate the development process of loquat flowers. This study may contribute to clarifying the mechanism of endogenous hormones in the development process of loquat flowers.

Key words: loquat, flower development, transcriptome, endogenous hormone

CLC Number:

S667.3

XU Hongxia, LI Xiaoying, GE Hang, ZHU Qixuan, CHEN Junwei. Transcriptome-based analysis of the role of endogenous hormones in regulating flower development in loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.)[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2023, 35(7): 1648-1661.

Figures/Tables 9

Table 1 Differentially expressed genes and their primer sequences in qRT-PCR

基因名称 Gene name	基因ID Gene ID	正向引物 Forward primer (5’→3’)	反向引物 Reverse primer(5’→3’)
Ejactin	c255911_g1	GGATTTGCTGGTGATGATGC	CCGTGCTCAATGGGATACTT
SOC1	c131331_g2	TTGGGAAATGGTTTGGAT	CTGCTTTGCACGACACTC
SOC1	c123324_g2	GGTTCATGCCATTGTCTG	TTCTCCAACTGGTGCTCT
LEAFY	c125200_g1	AAGGGAGCACCCGTTCAT	CGCATCTTTGGCTTGTTGA
FT	c132831_g2	GGACGAGTGGTAGGTGAT	TTGGTGGACAACTTGAGAAG
AGL24	c118626_g2	ACCAGCTAAAGCAGAGGA	GGAGCAGGCGGTGACATT
AP1	c125934_g2	GCAAATCCTTGAACGCTAT	GAATCCAGGTCTTCTCCC
AP2	c129345_g1	GAGGACGGATCAGACGAAG	TCACGGAGAACCCGAATAT
SEP	c126115_g3	TTTCTCCTCCTTTCTTCTTTAGC	AAGTTCCTTTGCAGGTATGTTG
TFL	c113629_g1	ATTGGCATCCACAGGTTT	AAGTAGACGGCAGCGACA
CAL	c128672_g1	GAGCATGATCAGGTGCAGGT	GTGTGTGTTTGTAGCAGCGG
FLC	c128866_g4	CGGGCTGATGAAGAAGGC	GCGGTGGAAGGAAGAAGAAA
SVP	c132152_g5	GAGCAAAGGCAGAGGATA	ACAAGATGTCGGAGCAGT

Fig.1 Paraffin section and phenotype of loquat flower at different development stages EjS1, Physiological differentiation stage; EjS2, Morphological differentiation stage; EjS3, Inflorescence emergence and expansion stage; EjS4, Single flower development stage; EjS5, Blossoming stage. The same as below. Bar=200 μm.

Fig.2 Changes of phytohormone content in loquat flower development process Data on the bars marked without the same letter indicated significant differences at P<0.05.

Table 2 Annotation of assembled unigenes in 7 public databases

注释数据库 Annotation database	Unigene注释数量 Number of annotated unigenes	占比 Percentage/%
NR	115 604	35.80
NT	92 121	28.53
KEGG	52 186	16.16
Swissprot	118 766	36.78
Pfam	118 886	36.82
GO	120 666	37.37
KOG	79 750	24.70

Fig.3 Analysis of the differentially expressed genes during flower development process in loquat A, Hierarchical clustering of the differentially expressed genes in different flower development process; B, Up-and down-regulated DEGs at stages EjS2, EjS3, EjS4, and EjS5 compared with stage EjS1; C, Venn diagram showed the number of DEGs bewteen EjS2 vs EjS1, EjS3 vs EjS1, EjS4 vs EjS1, and EjS5 vs EjS1.

Fig.4 KEGG pathway enrichment of the annotated differentially expressed genes between different developmental stage comparisons

Fig.5 Heat map analysis of genes related to hormone metabolism and signal transduction in loquat flower development process

Fig.6 Gene expression heat map of MADS gene family members in loquat flower development process

Fig.7 Expression abundance of 12 flower development related genes at different flower development stages

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Transcriptome-based analysis of the role of endogenous hormones in regulating flower development in loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.)

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