Quality safety risk assessment of watermelon industry in Zhejiang Province, China

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20230596

Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis ›› 2024, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (5): 1153-1160.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20230596

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Quality safety risk assessment of watermelon industry in Zhejiang Province, China

CHU Tianfen¹(), LEI Ling¹, LI Qinfeng², WU Ping³, HONG Wenjie⁴, ZHENG Weiran¹^,^*()

1. Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
2. Pinghu Agricultural Comprehensive Administrative Law Enforcement Team, Pinghu 314200, Zhejiang, China
3. Pinghu Agricultural Technology Promotion Center, Pinghu 314200, Zhejiang, China
4. Agricultural, Rural and Water Resources Bureau of Luqiao District, Taizhou 318050, Zhejiang, China

Received:2023-05-05 Online:2024-05-25 Published:2024-05-29

Abstract

Abstract:

Pesticide residues in watermelons of Zhejiang Province were analyzed to clarify the types and levels of pesticide residues and evaluate the risk assessment. The results showed that 29 pesticide residues were detected in 288 watermelon samples, three pesticides with high detection rates were pyraclostrobin, acetamiprid and carbendazim. And glyphosate and thiamethoxam were found to exceed the maximum residue limits of China each in one sample, the other detected pesticides met the requirements of standards. The results of single factor pollution indices and acute and chronic dietary exposure risk values proved that the dietary intake risk of watermelons in Zhejiang Province is acceptable, and there is no health risk. What’s more, we should focus on the strict pesticide residue limit of other countries (regions), based on the needs of international trade, to formulate pesticide residue limit standards that meet the actual production of watermelon and protect the health consumers in China. Comparing the difference of domestic and foreign standards to integrate with the international community and improve the competitiveness of China’s watermelon industry.

Key words: watermelon, risk assessment, pesticide residues, Zhejiang Province

CLC Number:

S481⁺.8

CHU Tianfen, LEI Ling, LI Qinfeng, WU Ping, HONG Wenjie, ZHENG Weiran. Quality safety risk assessment of watermelon industry in Zhejiang Province, China[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2024, 36(5): 1153-1160.

Figures/Tables 6

References 18

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分级 Level	单因子污染指数 Single factor pollution index	污染等级 Pollution level
1	S_PI≤0.1	该农药残留量较低,评价为安全 The pesticide residue is relatively low and is evaluated as safe
2	0.1<S_PI<1.0	该农药残留量在标准值之内,评价为相对安全 The pesticide residue is within the standard value and is evaluated as relatively safe
3	1.0≤S_PI	该农药残留量超出限量,评价为不安全 The pesticide residue exceeds the limit and is evaluated as unsafe

分级 Level	单因子污染指数 Single factor pollution index	污染等级 Pollution level
1	S_PI≤0.1	该农药残留量较低,评价为安全 The pesticide residue is relatively low and is evaluated as safe
2	0.1<S_PI<1.0	该农药残留量在标准值之内,评价为相对安全 The pesticide residue is within the standard value and is evaluated as relatively safe
3	1.0≤S_PI	该农药残留量超出限量,评价为不安全 The pesticide residue exceeds the limit and is evaluated as unsafe

农药中文名称 Chinese name of pesticide	农药外文名称 English name of pesticide	检出数量 Detected quantity	检出率 Detection rate/%	检出范围 Detection range/ (mg·kg^-1)	平均值 Average value/ (mg·kg^-1)	MLRs/ (mg· kg^-1)	污染指数级别样品比率 Sample ratio in different pollution index level/%
农药中文名称 Chinese name of pesticide	农药外文名称 English name of pesticide	检出数量 Detected quantity	检出率 Detection rate/%	检出范围 Detection range/ (mg·kg^-1)	平均值 Average value/ (mg·kg^-1)	MLRs/ (mg· kg^-1)	1	2	3
百菌清	Chlorothalonil	2	0.69	0.011~0.036	0.024	5.0	100	0	0
咪鲜胺	Prochloraz	4	1.39	0.001 0~0.003 8	0.002	0.1	100	0	0
嘧菌酯	Azoxystrobin	2	0.69	0.012	0.012	1.0	100	0	0
灭蝇胺	Cyromazine	5	1.74	0.008 7~0.064 0	0.026	—	—	—	—
苯醚甲环唑	Difenoconazole	5	1.74	0.012~0.049	0.027	0.1	98.26	1.74	0
吡虫啉	Imidacloprid	7	2.43	0.011~0.067	0.03	0.2	98.26	1.74	0
吡唑醚菌酯	Pyraclostrobin	31	10.76	0.001 3~0.180 0	0.015	0.5	99.31	0.69	0
草甘膦	Glyphosate	1	0.35	4.36	4.36	0.1	99.65	0	0.35
虫酰肼	Tebufenozide	2	0.69	0.014~0.015	0.015	—	—	—	—
哒螨灵	Pyridaben	1	0.35	0.012	0.012	—	—	—	—
啶虫脒	Acetamiprid	30	10.42	0.002 8~0.110 0	0.021	0.2	96.53	3.47	0
多菌灵	Carbendazim	8	2.78	0.001 3~0.300 0	0.07	2	100		0
多效唑	Paclobutrazol	2.0	0.69	0.002 0~0.002 3	0.002	—	—	—	—
噁霜灵	Oxadixyl	1	0.35	0.011	0.011	—	—	—	—
氟啶虫酰胺	Flonicamid	1	0.35	0.018	0.018	0.2	100	0	0
腐霉利	Procymidone	21	7.29	0.01~0.29	0.047	—	—	—	—
甲氨基阿维菌	Emamectin	1	0.35	0.011	0.011	0.1	99.65	0.35	0
素苯甲酸盐	benzoate
甲基硫菌灵	Thiophanate-methyl	3	1.04	0.053~0.240	0.121	2.0	99.65	0.35	0
甲霜灵	Metalaxyl	3	1.04	0.002 0~0.008 2	0.005	0.2	100	0	0
联苯菊酯	Bifenthrin	4	1.39	0.011~0.019	0.014	—	—	—	—
氯氟氰菊酯	Cyhalothrin	1	0.35	0.011	0.011	0.05	99.65	0.35	0
氯氰菊酯	Cypermethrin	1	0.35	0.027	0.027	0.07	99.65	0.35	0
嘧霉胺	Pyrimethanil	6	2.08	0.001~0.057	0.016	—	—	—	—
噻虫嗪	Thiamethoxam	14	4.86	0.009 2~0.290 0	0.055	0.2	96.53	3.12	0.35
霜霉威	Propamocarb	1	0.35	0.015	0.015	5.0	100	0	0
戊唑醇	Tebuconazole	6	2.08	0.009 3~0.032	0.016	0.1	98.26	1.74	0
烯酰吗啉	Dimethomorph	13	4.51	0.001 2~0.040 0	0.009	0.5	100	0	0
异菌脲	Iprodione	7	2.43	0.012~0.075	0.031	0.5	99.65	0.35	0
茚虫威	Indoxacarb	13	4.51	0.002 6~0.120 0	0.02	—	—	—	—

农药中文名称 Chinese name of pesticide	农药外文名称 English name of pesticide	检出数量 Detected quantity	检出率 Detection rate/%	检出范围 Detection range/ (mg·kg^-1)	平均值 Average value/ (mg·kg^-1)	MLRs/ (mg· kg^-1)	污染指数级别样品比率 Sample ratio in different pollution index level/%
农药中文名称 Chinese name of pesticide	农药外文名称 English name of pesticide	检出数量 Detected quantity	检出率 Detection rate/%	检出范围 Detection range/ (mg·kg^-1)	平均值 Average value/ (mg·kg^-1)	MLRs/ (mg· kg^-1)	1	2	3
百菌清	Chlorothalonil	2	0.69	0.011~0.036	0.024	5.0	100	0	0
咪鲜胺	Prochloraz	4	1.39	0.001 0~0.003 8	0.002	0.1	100	0	0
嘧菌酯	Azoxystrobin	2	0.69	0.012	0.012	1.0	100	0	0
灭蝇胺	Cyromazine	5	1.74	0.008 7~0.064 0	0.026	—	—	—	—
苯醚甲环唑	Difenoconazole	5	1.74	0.012~0.049	0.027	0.1	98.26	1.74	0
吡虫啉	Imidacloprid	7	2.43	0.011~0.067	0.03	0.2	98.26	1.74	0
吡唑醚菌酯	Pyraclostrobin	31	10.76	0.001 3~0.180 0	0.015	0.5	99.31	0.69	0
草甘膦	Glyphosate	1	0.35	4.36	4.36	0.1	99.65	0	0.35
虫酰肼	Tebufenozide	2	0.69	0.014~0.015	0.015	—	—	—	—
哒螨灵	Pyridaben	1	0.35	0.012	0.012	—	—	—	—
啶虫脒	Acetamiprid	30	10.42	0.002 8~0.110 0	0.021	0.2	96.53	3.47	0
多菌灵	Carbendazim	8	2.78	0.001 3~0.300 0	0.07	2	100		0
多效唑	Paclobutrazol	2.0	0.69	0.002 0~0.002 3	0.002	—	—	—	—
噁霜灵	Oxadixyl	1	0.35	0.011	0.011	—	—	—	—
氟啶虫酰胺	Flonicamid	1	0.35	0.018	0.018	0.2	100	0	0
腐霉利	Procymidone	21	7.29	0.01~0.29	0.047	—	—	—	—
甲氨基阿维菌	Emamectin	1	0.35	0.011	0.011	0.1	99.65	0.35	0
素苯甲酸盐	benzoate
甲基硫菌灵	Thiophanate-methyl	3	1.04	0.053~0.240	0.121	2.0	99.65	0.35	0
甲霜灵	Metalaxyl	3	1.04	0.002 0~0.008 2	0.005	0.2	100	0	0
联苯菊酯	Bifenthrin	4	1.39	0.011~0.019	0.014	—	—	—	—
氯氟氰菊酯	Cyhalothrin	1	0.35	0.011	0.011	0.05	99.65	0.35	0
氯氰菊酯	Cypermethrin	1	0.35	0.027	0.027	0.07	99.65	0.35	0
嘧霉胺	Pyrimethanil	6	2.08	0.001~0.057	0.016	—	—	—	—
噻虫嗪	Thiamethoxam	14	4.86	0.009 2~0.290 0	0.055	0.2	96.53	3.12	0.35
霜霉威	Propamocarb	1	0.35	0.015	0.015	5.0	100	0	0
戊唑醇	Tebuconazole	6	2.08	0.009 3~0.032	0.016	0.1	98.26	1.74	0
烯酰吗啉	Dimethomorph	13	4.51	0.001 2~0.040 0	0.009	0.5	100	0	0
异菌脲	Iprodione	7	2.43	0.012~0.075	0.031	0.5	99.65	0.35	0
茚虫威	Indoxacarb	13	4.51	0.002 6~0.120 0	0.02	—	—	—	—

农药中文名称 Chinese name of pesticide	农药外文名称 English name of pesticide	慢性膳食风险评估 Chronic dietary risk assessment			急性膳食风险评估 Acute dietary risk assessment				SM
农药中文名称 Chinese name of pesticide	农药外文名称 English name of pesticide	STMR mg/kg	ADI mg/kg	%ADI %	HR	ARfD	ESTI mg/kg	%ARfD %	SM
百菌清	Chlorothalonil	0.005 13	0.02	0.06	0.036	0.6	0.007 53	1.25	2.870 3
咪鲜胺	Prochloraz	0.004 96	0.01	0.12	0.003 8	0.1	0.000 79	0.79	0.478 4
嘧菌酯	Azoxystrobin	0.005 05	0.2	0.006	0.012	—	0.002 51	—	—
灭蝇胺	Cyromazine	0.005 36	0.06	0.021	0.064	0.1	0.013 38	13.38	0.478 4
苯醚甲环唑	Difenoconazole	0.005 39	0.01	0.13	0.049	0.3	0.010 24	3.41	1.435 2
吡虫啉	Imidacloprid	0.005 6	0.06	0.022	0.067	0.4	0.014 01	3.5	1.913 5
吡唑醚菌酯	Pyraclostrobin	0.006 12	0.03	0.048	0.18	0.7	0.037 63	5.38	3.348 7
草甘膦	Glyphosate	0.020 12	1	0.004 7	4.36	—	0.911 4	—	—
虫酰肼	Tebufenozide	0.005 07	0.02	0.059	0.015	0.9	0.003 14	0.35	4.305 5
哒螨灵	Pyridaben	0.005 02	0.01	0.12	0.012	—	0.002 51	—	—
啶虫脒	Acetamiprid	0.006 7	0.07	0.022	0.11	0.1	0.022 99	22.99	0.478 4
多菌灵	Carbendazim	0.006 8	0.03	0.053	0.3	0.1	0.062 71	62.71	0.478 4
多效唑	Paclobutrazol	0.004 98	0.1	0.012	0.002 3	—	0.000 48	—	—
噁霜灵	Oxadixyl	0.005 02	0.01	0.12	0.011	—	0.002 3	—	—
氟啶虫酰胺	Flonicamid	0.005 05	0.07	0.017	0.018	—	0.003 76	—	—
腐霉利	Procymidone	0.008 04	0.1	0.019	0.29	0.1	0.060 62	60.62	0.478 4
甲氨基阿维菌	Emamectin benzoate	0.002 53	0.000 5	1.18	0.011	0.02	0.002 3	11.5	0.095 7
素苯甲酸盐
甲基硫菌灵	Thiophanate-methyl	0.006 21	0.09	0.016	0.24	1	0.050 17	5.02	4.783 8
甲霜灵	Metalaxyl	0.005	0.08	0.015	0.008 2	0.5	0.001 71	0.34	2.391 9
联苯菊酯	Bifenthrin	0.005 12	0.01	0.12	0.019	0.01	0.003 97	39.72	0.047 8
氯氟氰菊酯	Cyhalothrin	0.005 02	0.02	0.059	0.011	0.02	0.002 3	11.5	0.095 7
氯氰菊酯	Cypermethrin	0.005 08	0.02	0.059	0.027	0.04	0.005 64	14.11	0.191 4
嘧霉胺	Pyrimethanil	0.005 24	0.2	0.006 1	0.057	—	0.011 92	—	—
噻虫嗪	Thiamethoxam	0.007 41	0.08	0.022	0.29	1	0.060 62	6.06	4.783 8
霜霉威	Propamocarb	0.005 03	0.4	0.002 9	0.015	2	0.003 14	0.16	9.567 7
戊唑醇	Tebuconazole	0.005 24	0.03	0.041	0.032	0.3	0.006 69	2.23	1.435 2
烯酰吗啉	Dimethomorph	0.005 18	0.2	0.006	0.04	0.6	0.008 36	1.39	2.870 3
异菌脲	Iprodione	0.005 64	0.06	0.022	0.075	—	0.015 68	—	—
茚虫威	Indoxacarb	0.005 67	0.01	0.13	0.12	0.1	0.025 08	25.08	0.478 4

Quality safety risk assessment of watermelon industry in Zhejiang Province, China

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