Genome-wide analysis of the TCP gene family in Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge and its response to abiotic stress

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20241050

Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis ›› 2026, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (2): 269-283.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20241050

• Horticultural Science • Previous Articles Next Articles

Genome-wide analysis of the TCP gene family in Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge and its response to abiotic stress

MA Qiyang^a(), HUANG Xuelian^b^,^*()

a. The First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
b. School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China

Received:2024-12-02 Online:2026-02-25 Published:2026-03-24

Abstract

Abstract:

This study aimed to identify and characterize the TCP gene family in Astragalus membranaceus(Fisch.) Bunge and elucidate its role in abiotic stress responses, and provide a theoretical basis for investigating the functional role of TCP genes in Astragalus membranaceus(Fisch.) Bunge under abiotic stress conditions. A systematic analysis of the TCP genes in Astragalus membranaceus(Fisch.) Bunge and their encoded amino acid sequences was conducted using bioinformatics methods. RNA-seq technology was employed to investigate the expression patterns of TCP genes in different tissues (roots, stems, and leaves) of Astragalus membranaceus(Fisch.) Bunge. Additionally, the expression profiles of five representative AmTCP genes under abiotic stress conditions (high temperature, drought, and salt stress) were validated through real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). The results showed that a total of 24 TCP genes were identified and unevenly distributed on 8 chromosomes of Astragalus membranaceus(Fisch.) Bunge. The 24 AmTCP genes can be classified into Class Ⅰ (PCF) and Class Ⅱ (CYC/TB1 and CIN). Proteins within the same subfamily had highly similar motif compositions, and most AmTCP genes lack introns. Fragment duplication played an important role in the evolution of the TCP gene family in Astragalus membranaceus(Fisch.) Bunge. In addition, analysis of the promoter region revealed multiple light-responsive elements and hormone-responsive elements. Tissue expression analysis showed that the AmTCP genes had significant tissue expression specificity. Under abiotic stress, there were significant differences in the expression levels of five representative AmTCP genes, among which AmTCP18 and AmTCP19 genes showed higher expression levels under various stress conditions. In summary, AmTCP18 and AmTCP19 may play a key role in the response of Astragalus membranaceus(Fisch.) Bunge to abiotic stress. This study lays the foundation for further functional and evolutionary research on the TCP gene family of Astragalus membranaceus(Fisch.) Bunge.

Key words: Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge, TCP gene family, genome-wide analysis, abiotic stress

CLC Number:

S567

MA Qiyang, HUANG Xuelian. Genome-wide analysis of the TCP gene family in Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge and its response to abiotic stress[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2026, 38(2): 269-283.

Figures/Tables 11

References 53

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基因 Gene	正向引物(5'→3') Forward primer (5'→3')	反向引物(5'→3') Reverse primer (5'→3')
Actin	CTCTCTCAGCACCTTCGAGCAG	TCCACATACAACCGCTCCACTG
AmTCP8	CCAGGCGGAACCGAGCATTATTG	TCGCTTCCTGCTGCTGATGATGA
AmTCP16	AACGGCGATGATGGCGATGATG	TGCTGCTGCTGCTGCTGATG
AmTCP18	GCGGCAGCGGCAACTATAACAA	GCTCGGAATATGATGATGATGCGGAAT
AmTCP19	AGCAGCAGCAGCAGCAGAAC	CGTTGTTGCCGGTATCCAGGTT
AmTCP23	AGCCGCACCAACTGGAACATTAC	TCTGATGCTGATGCTGGTTCTGATG

基因 Gene	正向引物(5'→3') Forward primer (5'→3')	反向引物(5'→3') Reverse primer (5'→3')
Actin	CTCTCTCAGCACCTTCGAGCAG	TCCACATACAACCGCTCCACTG
AmTCP8	CCAGGCGGAACCGAGCATTATTG	TCGCTTCCTGCTGCTGATGATGA
AmTCP16	AACGGCGATGATGGCGATGATG	TGCTGCTGCTGCTGCTGATG
AmTCP18	GCGGCAGCGGCAACTATAACAA	GCTCGGAATATGATGATGATGCGGAAT
AmTCP19	AGCAGCAGCAGCAGCAGAAC	CGTTGTTGCCGGTATCCAGGTT
AmTCP23	AGCCGCACCAACTGGAACATTAC	TCTGATGCTGATGCTGGTTCTGATG

蛋白名 Protein name	基因名 Gene name	氨基酸数量 Amino acid quantity	相对分子质量/ku Relative molecular weight/ku	等电点 Isoelectric point	不稳定系数 Instability index	脂肪指数 Aliphatic index	亲水性 Hydrophilicity
AmTCP1	Amem01G08650.1	334	36.25	9.62	61.72	72.78	-0.355
AmTCP2	Amem01G26990.1	353	37.44	5.99	52.15	67.73	-0.460
AmTCP3	Amem01G29700.1	412	44.15	7.97	67.32	58.33	-0.720
AmTCP4	Amem01G30870.1	349	39.08	8.44	53.65	55.62	-0.756
AmTCP5	Amem01G31480.1	342	39.30	9.16	57.79	55.85	-1.099
AmTCP6	Amem01G39660.1	329	35.68	6.21	43.87	57.63	-0.681
AmTCP7	Amem02G01750.1	261	27.81	9.56	48.82	70.73	-0.475
AmTCP8	Amem02G07350.1	233	25.13	9.10	52.77	70.52	-0.566
AmTCP9	Amem02G13390.1	203	21.44	8.44	61.98	68.82	-0.265
AmTCP10	Amem02G30910.1	344	36.12	5.46	54.31	65.00	-0.358
AmTCP11	Amem02G31020.1	344	36.13	5.46	53.03	65.00	-0.358
AmTCP12	Amem03G33990.1	375	41.03	6.90	66.54	52.88	-0.784
AmTCP13	Amem03G35070.1	430	47.97	7.42	47.37	59.35	-0.770
AmTCP14	Amem04G15690.1	417	44.13	6.90	56.30	57.15	-0.661
AmTCP15	Amem05G34130.3	450	49.85	7.21	52.74	52.27	-0.986
AmTCP16	Amem06G00490.1	494	52.19	6.15	62.09	50.63	-0.856
AmTCP17	Amem06G06270.2	355	39.83	8.56	58.10	55.55	-1.028
AmTCP18	Amem06G19960.1	177	20.64	10.50	49.17	69.44	-0.921
AmTCP19	Amem06G25360.1	348	37.92	5.67	57.14	59.17	-0.719
AmTCP20	Amem07G03630.1	358	40.03	8.28	49.00	71.84	-0.665
AmTCP21	Amem07G04880.1	391	44.30	9.12	51.58	66.14	-0.874
AmTCP22	Amem09G02360.1	358	40.20	8.26	54.21	55.89	-0.885
AmTCP23	Amem09G03560.1	322	35.47	9.62	52.23	58.79	-0.730
AmTCP24	Amem09G20040.1	362	40.59	8.87	44.80	69.53	-0.735

蛋白名 Protein name	基因名 Gene name	氨基酸数量 Amino acid quantity	相对分子质量/ku Relative molecular weight/ku	等电点 Isoelectric point	不稳定系数 Instability index	脂肪指数 Aliphatic index	亲水性 Hydrophilicity
AmTCP1	Amem01G08650.1	334	36.25	9.62	61.72	72.78	-0.355
AmTCP2	Amem01G26990.1	353	37.44	5.99	52.15	67.73	-0.460
AmTCP3	Amem01G29700.1	412	44.15	7.97	67.32	58.33	-0.720
AmTCP4	Amem01G30870.1	349	39.08	8.44	53.65	55.62	-0.756
AmTCP5	Amem01G31480.1	342	39.30	9.16	57.79	55.85	-1.099
AmTCP6	Amem01G39660.1	329	35.68	6.21	43.87	57.63	-0.681
AmTCP7	Amem02G01750.1	261	27.81	9.56	48.82	70.73	-0.475
AmTCP8	Amem02G07350.1	233	25.13	9.10	52.77	70.52	-0.566
AmTCP9	Amem02G13390.1	203	21.44	8.44	61.98	68.82	-0.265
AmTCP10	Amem02G30910.1	344	36.12	5.46	54.31	65.00	-0.358
AmTCP11	Amem02G31020.1	344	36.13	5.46	53.03	65.00	-0.358
AmTCP12	Amem03G33990.1	375	41.03	6.90	66.54	52.88	-0.784
AmTCP13	Amem03G35070.1	430	47.97	7.42	47.37	59.35	-0.770
AmTCP14	Amem04G15690.1	417	44.13	6.90	56.30	57.15	-0.661
AmTCP15	Amem05G34130.3	450	49.85	7.21	52.74	52.27	-0.986
AmTCP16	Amem06G00490.1	494	52.19	6.15	62.09	50.63	-0.856
AmTCP17	Amem06G06270.2	355	39.83	8.56	58.10	55.55	-1.028
AmTCP18	Amem06G19960.1	177	20.64	10.50	49.17	69.44	-0.921
AmTCP19	Amem06G25360.1	348	37.92	5.67	57.14	59.17	-0.719
AmTCP20	Amem07G03630.1	358	40.03	8.28	49.00	71.84	-0.665
AmTCP21	Amem07G04880.1	391	44.30	9.12	51.58	66.14	-0.874
AmTCP22	Amem09G02360.1	358	40.20	8.26	54.21	55.89	-0.885
AmTCP23	Amem09G03560.1	322	35.47	9.62	52.23	58.79	-0.730
AmTCP24	Amem09G20040.1	362	40.59	8.87	44.80	69.53	-0.735

Genome-wide analysis of the TCP gene family in Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge and its response to abiotic stress

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