Identification of Meloidogyne spp. infecting tomato in Haidong City, Qinghai Province, China

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20241094

Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (12): 2545-2553.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20241094

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Identification of Meloidogyne spp. infecting tomato in Haidong City, Qinghai Province, China

BAO Mengnan¹(), LI Jinbin¹, ZHANG Xian², YAN Jiahui¹^,^*()

1. Key Laboratory of Agricultural Integrated Pest Management of Qinghai Province, Xining Crop Diseases and Insect Pests Scientific Observation Experimental Station of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
2. Vegetable Technology Service Center, Ping’an District, Haidong City, Haidong 810699, Qinghai, China

Received:2024-12-17 Online:2025-12-25 Published:2026-01-09

Abstract

Abstract:

To identify the root-knot nematode species (Meloidogyne spp.) infecting tomato in greenhouses of the Nongxin Planting Cooperative in Ping’an District, Haidong City, Qinghai Province, this study combined morphological and molecular biological methods for species identification and evaluated its pathogenicity on tomato using indoor pot inoculation tests. The results showed that the morphometric values and perineal patterns of the female adults were consistent with those of Meloidogyne arenaria. PCR amplification with the species-specific SCAR markers Far/Rar produced a specific band of 420 bp. Phylogenetic analysis based on the rDNA ITS and 28S rRNA D2A/D3B regions revealed that the nematode population clustered in a clade with other M. arenaria sequences, showing more than 95% homology. Based on the integrated morphological and molecular data, the pathogen was identified as M. arenaria. Inoculated tomato plants exhibited stunted growth, thin stems, and yellowing leaves. Thirty days after inoculation, distinct root galls were observed, and the re-isolated nematodes were confirmed to be M. arenaria. This study reports the first identification and documentation of M. arenaria in Qinghai Province, providing a scientific basis for the management of tomato root-knot nematode disease in this region.

Key words: tomato, Meloidogyne spp., Meloidogyne arenaria, pathogen, pathogenicity

CLC Number:

S436.412

BAO Mengnan, LI Jinbin, ZHANG Xian, YAN Jiahui. Identification of Meloidogyne spp. infecting tomato in Haidong City, Qinghai Province, China[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2025, 37(12): 2545-2553.

Figures/Tables 8

Table 1 Primers used in this study

目标片段 Target region	引物名称 Primer name	序列(5'→3') Sequence(5'→3')	扩增长度 Amplification size/bp	退火温度 Annealing temperature/℃	退火时间 Annealing time/s
rDNA ITS	18S	TTGATTACGTCCCTGCCCTTT	771	55	45
	26S	TTTCACTCGCCGTTACTACGG
28S rDNA	D2A	ACAAGTACCGTGAGGGAAAGTTG	754	56	45
	D3B	TCGGAAGGAACCAGCTACTA
SCAR标记	Far	TCGGCGATAGAGGTAAATGAC	420	61	27
SCAR marker	Rar	TCGGCGATAGACACTACAACT

Fig.1 Symptoms of tomato plants infected with root-knot nematodes a, Aboveground symptoms of nutrient deficiency at the early stage of disease; b, Root knots in the root system at the early stage; c, Roots of healthy tomato plant; d, Roots turning brown and rotting at the late stage of disease.

Fig.2 Morphological characteristics of the root-knot nematode population in tomato a, Anterior region of J2; b, Tail region of J2; c, Entire body of J2; d, Female; e, Anterior region of female; f and g, Perineal pattern. Scale bars: a, b, e, f, g=10 μm, c and d=100 μm.

Table 2 Morphometric parameters of female and second-stage juveniles (J2) of root-knot nematode population

样本 Sample	体长 Body length/μm	体宽 Body width/μm	口针长 Stylet length/μm	背食道腺开口到口针基部球的距离 Distance from dorsal esophageal gland opening to the stylet knot/μm	尾长 Tail length/ μm	体长/体宽 Body length/ Body width	体长/尾长 Body length/ Tail length	尾长/肛门处虫体宽 Tail length/ Anal body diameter	中食道球宽 Metacorpus width/μm
雌虫 Female (n=20)	571.33± 78.61 (455.51~ 696.03)	403.45± 59.21 (302.02~ 492.74)	12.48± 1.50 (10.09~ 14.80)	3.98±0.57 (3.09~4.98)	—	—	—	—	30.23± 6.33 (21.48~ 39.42)
二龄幼虫 Second-stage juveniles(J2) (n=20)	413.53± 32.64 (372.52~ 486.10)	—	11.33± 1.35 (8.90~ 13.12)	9.23±2.64 (5.04~14.42)	31.19± 2.97 (22.50~ 40.38)	31.30± 2.63	16.34± 1.68	5.10± 1.03	—

Fig.3 Molecular biological identification results of root-knot nematodes in tomato population a, Amplification of rDNA ITS and 28S rDNA D2/D3 regions in root-knot nematodes; b, Amplification with the M. arenaria-specific SCAR primers Far/Rar.

Fig.4 Phylogenetic tree of root-knot nematodes based on rDNA ITS sequences

Fig.5 Phylogenetic tree of root-knot nematodes based on 28S rDNA sequences

Fig.6 Root symptoms and staining results of potted tomato plants following root-knot nematode inoculation a, Tomato roots on 40 days post-inoculation; b, Tomato roots on 70 days post-inoculation; c, Roots at late infection stage; d, Roots of healthy plants; e-h, Root staining results.

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Identification of Meloidogyne spp. infecting tomato in Haidong City, Qinghai Province, China

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