Maternal genetic diversity and genetic background of Qaidam cattle based on mtDNA Cyt b sequence variations

doi:3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2023.02.05

Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis ›› 2023, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (2): 285-292.DOI: 3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2023.02.05

• Animal Science • Previous Articles Next Articles

Maternal genetic diversity and genetic background of Qaidam cattle based on mtDNA Cyt b sequence variations

YANG Qiulei¹(), WEI Xudong¹, MA Zhijie¹^,^*(), CHEN Shengmei¹, CHAO Shengyu², WULAN Bateer²

1. Qinghai Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
2. Agro-Technical Extension and Service Center in Haixi Prefecture of Qinghai Province, Delingha 817099, Qinghai, China

Received:2021-10-05 Online:2023-02-25 Published:2023-03-14
Contact: MA Zhijie

Abstract

Abstract:

To investigate the maternal genetic diversity and genetic background of Qaidam cattle,a total of 268 individuals from five main living areas of Qaidam cattle were selected, and the sequences of mtDNA Cyt b gene were obtained by PCR and direct sequencing. Bioinformatics softwares were used to reveal the maternal genetic diversity, differentiation and genetic background of Qaidam cattle. The results showed that the length of nucleotide sequence of Cyt b gene in Qaidam cattle was 1 140 bp. A total of 29 nucleotide polymorphic sites were detected by sequence alignment analysis, including four single polymorphic sites and 25 parsimonious information sites. According to the nucleotide variation among sequences, 12 haplotypes were identified, in which the dominant haplotype was H2. The nucleotide diversity of the breed was 0.004 0±0.002 2 and the haplotype diversity was 0.588 2±0.030 0, which indicated that Qaidam cattle owned rich maternal genetic diversity. The Fst value among five populations in Qaidam cattle was from -0.010 4 to 0.161 8, indicating that the degree of differentiation among populations was different. Among them, the differentiation degree between Golmud population and Wulan population was the highest (Fst=0.161 8), and that between Dachaidan population and Mangya population was the lowest (Fst=-0.010 4). Based on the UPGMA method, the five populations in Qaidam cattle could be clustered into two groups, in which Golmud population and Dulan population were firstly gathered together, and Dachaidan population and Mangya population were also clustered together first, then they were clustered into one group, but Wulan population was an independent group. Lastly, two sub-groups were finally clustered into one big group. Phylogenetic analysis showed that Qaidam cattle was composed of two maternal genetic branches(i.e. Bos taurus and Bos indicus), indicating that it had two maternal origins with mainly originated from Bos taurus. In addition, three individuals in Qaidam cattle carried the Bos grunniens mtDNA Cyt b sequence type. There was each one in Mangya, Wulan and Dulan populations respectively, accounting for 1.12% of the breed, suggesting that there was a certain degree of Bos grunniens genetic introgression in Qaidam cattle.

Key words: Qaidam cattle, mtDNA, Cyt b, genetic diversity, differentiation, maternal origin

CLC Number:

S823.81

YANG Qiulei, WEI Xudong, MA Zhijie, CHEN Shengmei, CHAO Shengyu, WULAN Bateer. Maternal genetic diversity and genetic background of Qaidam cattle based on mtDNA Cyt b sequence variations[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2023, 35(2): 285-292.

Figures/Tables 5

References 23

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群体 Populations	采样地 Sampling locations	样本数 Sample No.	单倍型数目 Number of haplotypes	核苷酸多样度 Nucleotide diversity	单倍型多样度 Haplotype diversity
格尔木Golmud	格尔木市乌图美仁乡Wutu Meiren Town, Golmud City	88	4	0.103 9±0.062 4	0.599 5±0.040 4
乌兰Wulan	乌兰县柯柯镇Keke Town, Wulan County	58	3	0.011 2±0.013 2	0.329 7±0.073 3
都兰Dulan	都兰县宗加乡、香加乡	61	9	0.188 6±0.102 0	0.713 1±0.042 3
	Zongjia and Xiangjia Towns, Dulan County
大柴旦	大柴旦行政区Dachaidan Administrative District	26	4	0.103 9±0.062 4	0.452 3±0.108 8
Dachaidan
茫崖Mangya	茫崖市Mangya City	32	7	0.179 2±0.099 1	0.695 6±0.079 6
合计Total		265	12	0.004 0±0.002 2	0.588 2±0.030 0

群体 Populations	采样地 Sampling locations	样本数 Sample No.	单倍型数目 Number of haplotypes	核苷酸多样度 Nucleotide diversity	单倍型多样度 Haplotype diversity
格尔木Golmud	格尔木市乌图美仁乡Wutu Meiren Town, Golmud City	88	4	0.103 9±0.062 4	0.599 5±0.040 4
乌兰Wulan	乌兰县柯柯镇Keke Town, Wulan County	58	3	0.011 2±0.013 2	0.329 7±0.073 3
都兰Dulan	都兰县宗加乡、香加乡	61	9	0.188 6±0.102 0	0.713 1±0.042 3
	Zongjia and Xiangjia Towns, Dulan County
大柴旦	大柴旦行政区Dachaidan Administrative District	26	4	0.103 9±0.062 4	0.452 3±0.108 8
Dachaidan
茫崖Mangya	茫崖市Mangya City	32	7	0.179 2±0.099 1	0.695 6±0.079 6
合计Total		265	12	0.004 0±0.002 2	0.588 2±0.030 0

群体Populations	格尔木Golmud	乌兰Wulan	都兰Dulan	大柴旦Dachaidan	茫崖Mangya
格尔木Golmud	—	0.193 0	0	0.036 3	0.020 2
乌兰Wulan	0.161 8	—	0.142 7	0.067 8	0.147 6
都兰Dulan	-0.004 5	0.124 9	—	0.002 9	0.000 2
大柴旦Dachaidan	0.035 0	0.063 5	0.002 9	—	0
茫崖Mangya	0.019 8	0.128 6	0.000 2	-0.010 4	—

群体Populations	格尔木Golmud	乌兰Wulan	都兰Dulan	大柴旦Dachaidan	茫崖Mangya
格尔木Golmud	—	0.193 0	0	0.036 3	0.020 2
乌兰Wulan	0.161 8	—	0.142 7	0.067 8	0.147 6
都兰Dulan	-0.004 5	0.124 9	—	0.002 9	0.000 2
大柴旦Dachaidan	0.035 0	0.063 5	0.002 9	—	0
茫崖Mangya	0.019 8	0.128 6	0.000 2	-0.010 4	—

Maternal genetic diversity and genetic background of Qaidam cattle based on mtDNA Cyt b sequence variations

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