Abstract: With a large number of genes contributed to high\|yield in rice had been mapped and cloned， the molecular mechanism underlying yield traits has been gradually understood in rice. IPA1 gene and four other genes directly controlling tiller development were cooperated with each other for conferring the plant architecture traits. Up to now， it was reported that 11 genes participated in the panicle formation， 3 of which were involved in the basic biological processes in panicle development， while 6 genes regulated the rate of spikelet formation， and 2 genes regulated the duration of panicle differentiation. Genes for determination of grain size or grain weight had five members， which were involved in grain length， grain width and the filling of grain, respectively. Cloning and understanding the molecular nature of genes controlling rice yield traits may be a fundamental implication for rice genetic improvements.

Key words: Oryza sativa L., gene, yield traits