Problems and countermeasures of straw returning in paddy field system in Zhejiang Province

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2018.10.21

›› 2018, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (10): 1765-1774.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2018.10.21

• Environmental Science • Previous Articles Next Articles

Problems and countermeasures of straw returning in paddy field system in Zhejiang Province

CHEN Xijing¹, YU Man¹, WANG Qiang¹, LI Hua¹, SU Yao¹, GAO Jia², LI Guo'an³, LI Jianqiang⁴, SHEN Alin^{1, *}

1. Institute of Environment, Resources, Soil and Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China;
2. Jiaxing Bafu Eco-Agricultural Development Limited, Jiaxing 314007, China;
3. Ningbo Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ningbo 315040, China;
4. Pinghu Agricultural Economy Bureau, Pinghu 314200, China

Received:2018-01-31 Online:2018-10-25 Published:2018-11-02

Abstract

Abstract: Straw returning is the main measure to reduce fertilizer application and replenish organic nutrients in soils. The rotation system of rice-wheat is mainly applied in northern and central area in Zhejiang, while rice-oilseed rape and rice-rice are applied in southern and central Zhejiang. There are many problems about the application of crop straw returning due to the diversity of rotation system in paddy field systems in Zhejiang. The main measures applied of straw returning under different rotation in Zhejiang consist of the plowing of rice straw for rice-rice rotation, mulching with rice straw for rice-wheat (or oilseed rape), and the plowing and mulching of wheat or oilseed rape straw for rice-wheat or rice-oilseed rape, which specifically includes the returning of wheat or oilseed rape straw without tillage and direct seeding of rice, shallow-tillage and returning of wheat or oilseed rape straw with direct seeding of rice, deep-tillage and returning of wheat or oilseed rape straw with simultaneous rice transplanting, and deep-tillage and returning of wheat or oilseed rape straw with direct seeding of rice. Suggestions to better utilize the measure of straw returning were proposed based on previous research, investigation data and analysis into current problems under different cultivation modes. 1) Specific rotation methods were suggested to reconcile the deficiencies of these straw returning methods. 2) The amount of straw returning was suggested to be 5-6 t·hm^-2 for a single crop season and 10-12 t·hm^-2 for the entire year. 3) Fertilizer was applied following a straw returning strategy of applying appropriate additional nitrogen fertilizer during the prophase and regulating nitrogen fertilization during full season, and reducing application rate of potash fertilizer. 4) Diseases and pest control should be conducted via early plowing, deep straw burial, and field flooding. 5) Water management should follow the principles of easy cultivation, appropriate soil moisture content to promote the decomposition of straw after returning to the field, and alternative irrigation management mode of dry and wet during the late rice phase. 6) For the selection of the mechanical type, a harvester with a straw shredding device was suggested, and the tillage machine should ensure sufficient burial depth to achieve stable and uniform returning operation.

Key words: paddy field system, straw returning, organic nutrient replacement, fertilization regulation

CLC Number:

CHEN Xijing, YU Man, WANG Qiang, LI Hua, SU Yao, GAO Jia, LI Guo'an, LI Jianqiang, SHEN Alin. Problems and countermeasures of straw returning in paddy field system in Zhejiang Province[J]. , 2018, 30(10): 1765-1774.

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Problems and countermeasures of straw returning in paddy field system in Zhejiang Province

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