Effects of fertilizer and pesticide managements on soil health and tomato qualities in greenhouse tomato cultivation

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20231155

Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (1): 145-158.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20231155

• Environmental Science • Previous Articles Next Articles

Effects of fertilizer and pesticide managements on soil health and tomato qualities in greenhouse tomato cultivation

LI Tengfei¹^,²(), YANG Guiling², RUAN Meiying³, CHU Tianfen²^,^*(), QIN Hua¹, DENG Meihua²

1. College of Environment and Resources, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
2. Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
3. Institute of Vegetables, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China

Received:2023-09-27 Online:2025-01-25 Published:2025-02-14

Abstract

Abstract:

The objective is to explore the reasonable fertilizer and pesticide managements for greenhouse tomato production by studying the effects of different fertilizer and pesticide applications on soil health, tomato quality and yield. In this study, two pesticide levels (conventional pesticide P₁ and no pesticide P₀) and five fertilization treatments (no fertilizer CK, conventional chemical fertilizer F₁, farm manure combined with chemical fertilizer F₂, farm manure and biological fertilizer combined with chemical fertilizer F₃, perishable waste organic fertilizer combined with chemical fertilizer F₄) were designed in the field experiment. The effects of different treatments on soil properties, soil enzyme activity, fruit quality and yield of tomato were analyzed. The results showed that the application of pesticides had a significant effect on soil properties and tomato quality. The soil organic matter content, total nitrogen content, soil urease, sucrase and catalase activities of P₁ treatment were significantly decreased, while the vitamin C content, soluble sugar content, sugar acid ratio and fruit yield of P₁ treatment were significantly higher than those of P₀ treatment. Under the same pesticide level, fertilization had a significant effect on soil enzyme activity and pH value. Compared with the CK, soil pH value decreased significantly under P₀F₁ treatment, while the organic fertilizer application can slightly increase soil pH value. At the same time, soil nutrients of fertilization treatments were slight increased than CK, but there was no significant difference among the fertilization treatments. F₂ treatment significantly increased soil urease, sucrase and catalase activities than CK. Followed by F₃ treatment, it also significantly improved these soil enzyme activities, but F₁ treatment had the lowest soil enzyme activity. For tomato nutrition, fertilization treatments can significantly increase vitamin C content, soluble sugar content and sugar-acid ratio than CK, but no significant difference was found among the fertilization treatments. Integrated all indicators, F₃ treatment with significantly lower nitrogen fertilizer showed similar good effects on soil properties, tomato quality and yield with other fertilization treatments. Therefore, it is recommended F3 treatment as the suitable fertilizer management for greenhouse tomato planting, that is, farm manure combined with biological bacterial fertilizer and a small amount of chemical fertilizer. In order to get good tomato yield and quality, applying appropriate pesticides is also suggested.

Key words: greenhouse tomato, pesticide, fertilizer, soil property, tomato quality, tomato yield

CLC Number:

S641.2

LI Tengfei, YANG Guiling, RUAN Meiying, CHU Tianfen, QIN Hua, DENG Meihua. Effects of fertilizer and pesticide managements on soil health and tomato qualities in greenhouse tomato cultivation[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2025, 37(1): 145-158.

Figures/Tables 6

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处理 Treatment	各肥料养分含量 Fertilizer nutrient content(N-P₂O₅-K₂O)		总施用量 Total application		总养分含量 Total nutrient content (N-P₂O₅-K₂O)
处理 Treatment	复合肥 Compound fertilizer	有机肥 Organic fertilizer	复合肥 Compound fertilizer	有机肥 Organic fertilizer	总养分含量 Total nutrient content (N-P₂O₅-K₂O)
CK	0-0-0	0-0-0	0	0	0-0-0
F₁	300.00-275.00-450.00	0-0-0	2 500	0	300.00-275.00-450.00
F₂	189.75-193.91-284.58	110.25-53.70-180.30	1 581	15 000农家肥15 000 farm manure	30.000-247.61-464.88
F₃	28.80-26.40-43.20	122.20-72.06-185.13	240	15 000农家肥+3 000生物菌肥 15 000 farm manure+ 3 000 biological fertilizer	150.00-98.46-228.33
F₄	28.80-26.40-43.20	271.20-421.50-372.00	240	15 000易腐垃圾有机肥 Perishable waste organic fertilizer	300.00-447.90-415.20

处理 Treatment	各肥料养分含量 Fertilizer nutrient content(N-P₂O₅-K₂O)		总施用量 Total application		总养分含量 Total nutrient content (N-P₂O₅-K₂O)
处理 Treatment	复合肥 Compound fertilizer	有机肥 Organic fertilizer	复合肥 Compound fertilizer	有机肥 Organic fertilizer	总养分含量 Total nutrient content (N-P₂O₅-K₂O)
CK	0-0-0	0-0-0	0	0	0-0-0
F₁	300.00-275.00-450.00	0-0-0	2 500	0	300.00-275.00-450.00
F₂	189.75-193.91-284.58	110.25-53.70-180.30	1 581	15 000农家肥15 000 farm manure	30.000-247.61-464.88
F₃	28.80-26.40-43.20	122.20-72.06-185.13	240	15 000农家肥+3 000生物菌肥 15 000 farm manure+ 3 000 biological fertilizer	150.00-98.46-228.33
F₄	28.80-26.40-43.20	271.20-421.50-372.00	240	15 000易腐垃圾有机肥 Perishable waste organic fertilizer	300.00-447.90-415.20

处理 Treatment		横径 Fruit diameter/cm	纵径 Fruit length/cm	果形指数 Fruit length index	单果重 Single fruit weight/g	产量 Yield/(t·hm^-2)
P₀	CK	30.99±0.23 b	31.21±0.77 b	1.00±0.02 a	17.71±0.42 b	18.96±0.99 b
	F₁	32.71±0.28 a	33.10±0.82 a	1.01±0.03 a	21.16±0.88 a	23.19±1.64 a
	F₂	32.67±0.42 a	33.04±1.07 a	1.01±0.02 a	20.76±1.63 a	21.51±1.23 ab
	F₃	32.79±0.40 a	33.68±0.82 a	1.02±0.02 a	21.44±1.69 a	21.75±0.84 a
	F₄	32.41±0.60 a	32.71±0.64 ab	1.01±0.02 a	19.74±1.31 ab	20.48±0.90 ab
P₁	CK	30.74±1.25 b	31.33±0.55 b	1.02±0.04 a	18.33±0.93 b	19.51±1.67 c
	F₁	32.84±0.27 a	32.40±0.83 ab	0.96±0.04 a	21.71±0.87 a	24.33±1.64 a
	F₂	32.79±0.32 a	33.31±0.46 a	1.00±0.02 a	22.44±0.54 a	23.01±1.63 ab
	F₃	33.13±0.32 a	33.54±0.84 a	1.00±0.02 a	22.31±1.32 a	22.26±1.04 ab
	F₄	31.35±0.63 b	32.39±1.23 ab	1.02±0.03 a	20.58±0.87 ab	21.64±1.13 bc
双因素方差分析Two-ANOVA analysis
P(农药)		0.70^ns	0.36^ns	0.93^ns	6.61^*	5.50^*
F(肥料)		20.01^***	9.01^***	1.52^ns	17.17^***	12.95^***
PF(农药肥料)		1.98^ns	0.41^ns	1.77^ns	0.86^ns	0.21^ns

处理 Treatment		横径 Fruit diameter/cm	纵径 Fruit length/cm	果形指数 Fruit length index	单果重 Single fruit weight/g	产量 Yield/(t·hm^-2)
P₀	CK	30.99±0.23 b	31.21±0.77 b	1.00±0.02 a	17.71±0.42 b	18.96±0.99 b
	F₁	32.71±0.28 a	33.10±0.82 a	1.01±0.03 a	21.16±0.88 a	23.19±1.64 a
	F₂	32.67±0.42 a	33.04±1.07 a	1.01±0.02 a	20.76±1.63 a	21.51±1.23 ab
	F₃	32.79±0.40 a	33.68±0.82 a	1.02±0.02 a	21.44±1.69 a	21.75±0.84 a
	F₄	32.41±0.60 a	32.71±0.64 ab	1.01±0.02 a	19.74±1.31 ab	20.48±0.90 ab
P₁	CK	30.74±1.25 b	31.33±0.55 b	1.02±0.04 a	18.33±0.93 b	19.51±1.67 c
	F₁	32.84±0.27 a	32.40±0.83 ab	0.96±0.04 a	21.71±0.87 a	24.33±1.64 a
	F₂	32.79±0.32 a	33.31±0.46 a	1.00±0.02 a	22.44±0.54 a	23.01±1.63 ab
	F₃	33.13±0.32 a	33.54±0.84 a	1.00±0.02 a	22.31±1.32 a	22.26±1.04 ab
	F₄	31.35±0.63 b	32.39±1.23 ab	1.02±0.03 a	20.58±0.87 ab	21.64±1.13 bc
双因素方差分析Two-ANOVA analysis
P(农药)		0.70^ns	0.36^ns	0.93^ns	6.61^*	5.50^*
F(肥料)		20.01^***	9.01^***	1.52^ns	17.17^***	12.95^***
PF(农药肥料)		1.98^ns	0.41^ns	1.77^ns	0.86^ns	0.21^ns

	SOM	TN	TP	TK	SUE	SSC	SCAT	SAKP	SS	VC	TA	SAR	Y	SFW	FSI
pH	0.07	-0.09	0.05	-0.21	-0.29	-0.49^**	-0.28	-0.08	0.12	-0.12	-0.03	0.09	-0.33^*	-0.33^*	0.16
SOM		0.95^***	0.62^***	-0.07	0.36^**	0.15	0.41^**	0.48^**	-0.31	0.14	0.29	-0.31	0.10	0.25	0.11
TN			0.58^***	-0.06	0.46^**	0.24^***	0.46^**	0.53^***	-0.36^*	0.12	0.33^*	-0.37^*	0.10	0.24	0.15
TP				0.04	0.20	0.13	0.21	0.10	-0.13	0.12	0.17	-0.14	-0.07	0.08	-0.01
TK					-0.01	0.01	0.01	0.13	0.13	0.32^*	0.01	0.10	0.33^*	0.21	-0.23
SUE						0.45^**	0.70^***	0.38^*	-0.52^***	0.04	0.47^**	0.51^***	0.14	0.31	0.04
SSC							0.40^*	-0.06	-0.13	0.31^*	-0.06	-0.08	0.17	0.44^***	0.06
SCAT								0.17	-0.31	0.35^*	0.19	-0.27	0.46^**	0.51^***	0.13
SAKP									-0.07	0.10	0.29	-0.12	0.12	0.14	-0.16
SS										0.43^**	-0.75^***	0.98^***	0.34^*	0.36^*	-0.15
VC											-0.37^*	0.45^**	0.56^***	0.50	-0.05
TA												-0.84^***	-0.17	0.31^*	-0.09
SAR													0.33^*	0.39^*	-0.11
Y														0.72^***	-0.30
SFW															-0.01

Effects of fertilizer and pesticide managements on soil health and tomato qualities in greenhouse tomato cultivation

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