瓠瓜EMS诱变突变体筛选与表型分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20240920

浙江农业学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (9): 1914-1923.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20240920

瓠瓜EMS诱变突变体筛选与表型分析

郑程¹^,²(), 汪颖², 王尖², 郭笑¹^,², 汪宝根², 吴新义², 祝彪¹, 李国景², 吴晓花²^,^*()

¹ 浙江农林大学园艺科学学院, 浙江杭州 311300
² 浙江省农业科学院蔬菜研究所, 浙江杭州 310021

收稿日期:2024-10-28 出版日期:2025-09-25 发布日期:2025-10-15
作者简介:*吴晓花,E-mail: wuxiaohua2001@126.com
郑程(1999—),男,浙江温州人,硕士研究生,主要从事瓠瓜分子育种研究。E-mail:13758728889@163.com
通讯作者: 吴晓花
基金资助:
浙江省农业(蔬菜)新品种选育重大科技专项(2021C02065-2-1)

Screening and phenotypic analysis of EMS-induced mutants in Lagenaria siceraria

ZHENG Cheng¹^,²(), WANG Ying², WANG Jian², GUO Xiao¹^,², WANG Baogen², WU Xinyi², ZHU Biao¹, LI Guojing², WU Xiaohua²^,^*()

¹ College of Horticultural Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
² Institute of Vegetables, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China

Received:2024-10-28 Online:2025-09-25 Published:2025-10-15
Contact: WU Xiaohua

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究适宜瓠瓜(Lagenaria siceraria)的甲基磺酸乙酯(ethyl methanesulfonate, EMS)诱变条件、筛选瓠瓜突变体,本研究以瓠瓜地方品种杭州长瓜种子为材料,设置不同EMS体积分数和浸种时间,探究瓠瓜的EMS诱变最适处理条件,利用最适处理条件构建瓠瓜EMS诱变突变体库。结果表明,瓠瓜EMS诱变最适处理条件为体积分数1.2%的EMS浸种处理12 h,在此条件下种子发芽率为49.4%。本研究进一步构建了包含667株M₁代瓠瓜的EMS突变体库,从中筛选出叶色黄化、叶片皱缩、白化致死、叶片白斑、病斑叶、植株矮化、瓜长变短、瓜皮白化等不同突变类型的突变体14份,突变率为2.10%。通过表型鉴定和超微结构观察发现,叶色黄化突变体X-67的光合色素含量较低、叶绿体发育不完全,这可能是幼叶黄化的原因。本研究确定了瓠瓜EMS诱变的最适条件,获得了一批EMS诱变突变体,为瓠瓜功能基因组研究奠定了材料基础。

关键词: 瓠瓜, 甲基磺酸乙酯, 突变体, 叶色黄化

Abstract:

To investigate suitable ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) mutagenesis conditions and screen for mutants in bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria), seeds of the local variety Hangzhou Long Gourd were treated with different volume fractions of EMS and soaking time to determine the optimal mutagenesis parameters. Subsequently, these optimal conditions were applied to construct an EMS-induced mutant library.The results showed that the optimal EMS mutagenesis condition for bottle gourd was soaking seeds in 1.2% EMS solution for 12 h, under which the seed germination rate was 49.4%. Using this mutagenesis condition, an EMS mutant library containing 667 M₁ generation plants was established. From this library, 14 mutants exhibiting various phenotypes were identified, including yellowing leaf, wrinkled leaf, albino lethal plant, albino leaf, disease spot leaf, dwarf plant, short fruit and albino peel. The mutation rate was 2.10%. Phenotypic characterization and ultrastructural observation revealed that one yellowing leaf mutant, X-67, possessed lower photosynthetic pigment content and incomplete chloroplast development, potentially explaining its juvenile leaf yellowing phenotype. This study identified the optimal EMS mutagenesis conditions for bottle gourd and obtained a collection of EMS-induced mutants, providing valuable material resources for functional genomics research in bottle gourd.

Key words: bottle gourd, ethyl methane sulfonate, mutant, yellowing leaf

中图分类号:

S642.9

郑程, 汪颖, 王尖, 郭笑, 汪宝根, 吴新义, 祝彪, 李国景, 吴晓花. 瓠瓜EMS诱变突变体筛选与表型分析[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2025, 37(9): 1914-1923.

ZHENG Cheng, WANG Ying, WANG Jian, GUO Xiao, WANG Baogen, WU Xinyi, ZHU Biao, LI Guojing, WU Xiaohua. Screening and phenotypic analysis of EMS-induced mutants in Lagenaria siceraria[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2025, 37(9): 1914-1923.

图/表 9

表1 不同处理下瓠瓜种子的发芽率

Table 1 Germination rate of Lagenaria siceraria under different treatments %

EMS体积分数 Volume fraction of EMS/%	发芽率 Germination rate
EMS体积分数 Volume fraction of EMS/%	6 h	12 h	18 h
0	98.6±0.7 a	98.0±0.8 a	97.8±0.5 a
0.6	81.8±1.5 b	75.4±2.8 c	63.6±2.8 d
0.8	72.2±1.9 c	62.8±2.6 d	57.4±0.8 d
1.2	61.0±2.9 d	49.4±1.1 e	36.0±2.2 f
1.6	53.8±2.2 e	31.0±1.7 g	16.4±2.3 i
2.0	37.8±1.4 f	24.6±2.2 h	2.2±0.4 j

图1 EMS诱变瓠瓜M1代群体的叶片突变表型 A,野生型;B~D,叶色黄化;E,叶片皱缩;F~H,白化致死;I,叶片白化;J,病斑叶。

Fig.1 Leaf mutants phenotypes of EMS-mutagenized M1 populations of Lagenaria siceraria A, Wild-type; B-D, Yellowing leaf; E, Wrinkled leaves; F-H, Albino lethal plant; I, Albino leaf; J, Disease spot leaf.

图2 EMS诱变瓠瓜M1代群体的植株突变表型 A,野生型;B~D,植株矮化。

Fig.2 Plant type mutants phenotypes of EMS-mutagenized M1 populations of Lagenaria siceraria A, Wild-type; B-D, Dwarf plants.

图3 EMS诱变瓠瓜M1代群体的果实突变表型 A,野生型;B,瓜长变短;C,瓜皮色白。

Fig.3 Fruit mutants phenotypes of EMS-mutagenized M1 populations of Lagenaria siceraria A, Wild-type; B, Short fruit; C, Albino peel.

图4 瓠瓜EMS诱变突变体的部分KASP引物分型结果红点表示HEX基因型。蓝点表示FAM基因型。黑点为无模板对照。

Fig.4 Partial KASP genotyping results of EMS-mutagenized M1 populations of Lagenaria siceraria Red dots indicate genotype HEX. Blue dots indicate genotype FAM. Black dots indicate non-template control.

表2 叶色黄化突变体与野生型瓠瓜的叶片表型

Table 2 Leaf phenotypes of yellowing leaf mutant and wild type of Lagenaria siceraria cm

材料	叶长	叶宽	叶柄长
Material	Leaf length	Leaf width	Petiole length
WT	24.04±1.20 a	32.46±3.20 a	16.26±3.40 a
X-67	23.96±1.10 a	32.20±3.10 a	16.22±3.40 a

图5 叶色黄化突变体X-67与野生型瓠瓜的植株表型 A,野生型;B,叶色黄化突变体X-67。

Fig.5 Plant phenotype of yellowing leaf mutant X-67 and wild type of Lagenaria siceraria A, Wild-type; B, Yellowing leaf mutant X-67.

图6 叶色黄化突变体X-67和野生型瓠瓜叶片的叶绿素含量 WT,野生型;X-67,叶色黄化突变体。**表示与WT相比差异极显著(p<0.01);*表示与WT相比差异显著(p<0.05)。

Fig.6 Chlorophyll content in leaves of yellowing leaf mutant X-67 and wild type of Lagenaria siceraria WT, Wild type; X-67, Yellowing leaf mutant. ** indicates significant difference compared with WT at p<0.01 level; * indicates significant difference compared with WT at p<0.05 level.

图7 叶色黄化突变体X-67和野生型瓠瓜叶片叶绿体的超微结构 A,野生型的叶绿体;B,叶色黄化突变体的叶绿体。

Fig.7 Ultrastructure of chloroplasts in leaves of yellowing leaf mutant X-67 and wild type of Lagenaria siceraria A, Chloroplast of wild type; B, Chloroplast of leaf yellowing mutant.

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瓠瓜EMS诱变突变体筛选与表型分析

Screening and phenotypic analysis of EMS-induced mutants in Lagenaria siceraria

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