苦荞重组自交系群体粒重、粒形与蛋白组分含量的变异

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2021.04.01

浙江农业学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (4): 565-575.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2021.04.01

苦荞重组自交系群体粒重、粒形与蛋白组分含量的变异

郑俊青^a^,^b(), 黎瑞源^c, 郑冉^a^,^b, 吕丹^a^,^b, 陈其皎^a, 石桃雄^a^,^*(), 陈庆富^a

a.贵州师范大学荞麦产业技术研究中心
b.生命科学学院
c.贵州省信息与计算科学重点实验室,贵州贵阳 550001

收稿日期:2020-10-05 出版日期:2021-04-25 发布日期:2021-04-25
通讯作者: 石桃雄
作者简介:*石桃雄,E-mail:shitaoxiong@126.com
郑俊青(1996—),女,山西神池人,硕士研究生,研究方向为植物生理生态学。E-mail:zjq152634@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(31960125);国家自然科学基金(31660424);国家自然科学基金(31460280);贵州省科技厅科学技术基金(黔科合LH字〔2016〕7224号);贵州省科技厅科学技术基金(黔科合基础〔2016〕1106号);贵州省荞麦种质资源保育及创新重点实验室建设基金(黔教合KY字〔2017〕002)

Variation analysis of grain weight, grain shape and protein content in recombinant inbred lines population of tartary buckwheat

ZHENG Junqing^a^,^b(), LI Ruiyuan^c, ZHENG Ran^a^,^b, LYU Dan^a^,^b, CHEN Qijiao^a, SHI Taoxiong^a^,^*(), CHEN Qingfu^a

a. Research Center of Buckwheat Industry Technology
b. School of Life Sciences
c. Key Laboratory of Information and Computing Science of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China

Received:2020-10-05 Online:2021-04-25 Published:2021-04-25
Contact: SHI Taoxiong

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

通过研究苦荞粒重、粒形与蛋白组分含量的遗传变异和相关性,探索影响苦荞蛋白组分含量的主要性状,筛选综合性状优良的株系。以小米荞×晋荞麦2号衍生的重组自交系(XJ-RILs)群体为试验材料,对粒重、粒形相关性状和籽粒蛋白组分含量和总蛋白含量进行变异分析、相关性分析和聚类分析。结果表明:除醇溶蛋白含量外,父本晋荞麦2号的千粒重、粒长、粒宽、长宽比、清蛋白、球蛋白、谷蛋白和总蛋白含量均显著(P<0.05)高于母本小米荞;在XJ-RILs群体中,各性状变异系数为5.79%~29.97%,且存在双向超亲分离现象;千粒重与粒长、粒宽、球蛋白、谷蛋白和总蛋白含量呈极显著(P<0.01)正相关,粒长与谷蛋白含量呈极显著正相关,粒宽与球蛋白和总蛋白含量呈极显著(P<0.01)正相关;基于各性状的表型值,在欧式距离为12.10~13.50处,将220个株系划分为12个类群,其中C9类群粒长、长宽比、清蛋白和总蛋白含量较高,C10类群千粒重、球蛋白、谷蛋白和总蛋白含量较高,C11类群千粒重、粒长、长宽比、球蛋白和醇溶蛋白含量较高。该结果为进一步研究籽粒各蛋白组分含量的基因型差异提供了重要的试验材料,筛选获得的蛋白组分优异株系为不同食品和保健品的加工提供了推荐材料。

关键词: 苦荞, 重组自交系, 粒形, 蛋白组分, 变异分析, 聚类分析

Abstract:

To reveal grain related traits affecting protein components and select excellent lines of tartary buckwheat, we analyzed the genetic variation and correlation of grain weight, grain shape and protein components using a recombinant inbred lines (XJ-RILs) population derived from a cross of Xiaomiqiao × Jinqiaomai 2. It was found that the 1 000-grain weight, grain length, grain width, length to width ratio, albumin, globulin, gluten and total protein content of Jinqiaomai 2 were significantly (P<0.05) higher than those of Xiaomiqiao, but there was no significant difference in the content of gliadin between the two parents. Among the XJ-RILs population, coefficient variation of grain weight and grain shape ranged from 5.79% to 29.97%. Tremendous transgressive segregation for all traits was observed in the XJ-RILs population. Thousand-grain weight was significantly (P<0.01) positively correlated to grain length, grain width, globulin, gluten, and total protein content. Grain length was significantly (P<0.01) positively correlated to gluten content. Grain width was significantly (P<0.01) positively correlated to globulin and total protein content. Cluster analysis based on the tested traits found that the XJ-RILs population could be divided into twelve groups at the Euclidean distance of 12.10-13.50. The mean value of grain length, length to width ratio, albumin and gluten content of group C9 were high. The mean value of 1 000-grain weight, globulin gluten and total protein content of group C10 were high. The mean value of 1 000-grain weight, grain length, length to width ratio, globulin and gliadin content of group C11 were high. The results could provide important experimental materials for further study on the genotypic differences of protein components content in grains. The excellent lines with protein components would be recommended as basic materials for processing different foods and health products.

Key words: tartary buckwheat, recombinant inbred lines, grain shape, protein component, variation analysis, cluster analysis

中图分类号:

S517

郑俊青, 黎瑞源, 郑冉, 吕丹, 陈其皎, 石桃雄, 陈庆富. 苦荞重组自交系群体粒重、粒形与蛋白组分含量的变异[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2021, 33(4): 565-575.

ZHENG Junqing, LI Ruiyuan, ZHENG Ran, LYU Dan, CHEN Qijiao, SHI Taoxiong, CHEN Qingfu. Variation analysis of grain weight, grain shape and protein content in recombinant inbred lines population of tartary buckwheat[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2021, 33(4): 565-575.

图/表 6

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性状 Trait	亲本Parents		重组自交系群体XJ-RILs population
性状 Trait	小米荞 Xiaomiqiao	晋荞麦2号 Jinqiaomai 2	均值 Mean	范围 Range	变异系数 CV/%	峰度 Kurtosis	偏度 Skewness
千粒重1 000-grain weight/g	14.36±0.93 b	20.94±0.74 a	18.17	11.88~26.73	17.13	-0.99	-0.19
粒长Grain length/mm	4.45±0.24 b	5.46±0.18 a	4.87	4.05~5.73	9.03	-1.12	0.02
粒宽Grain width/mm	2.90±0.11 b	3.29±0.16 a	3.14	2.78~3.64	5.79	-0.51	0.29
长宽比Length to width ratio	1.55±0.03 b	1.69±0.06 a	1.57	1.27~1.90	10.62	-1.45	0.00
清蛋白Albumin/(mg·g^-1)	35.09±4.54 b	45.04±2.19 a	34.10	10.29~56.39	24.03	-0.38	-0.11
球蛋白Globulin/(mg·g^-1)	9.96±1.21 b	11.38±1.05 a	10.84	5.68~13.48	16.07	0.25	-0.83
醇溶蛋白Gliadin/(mg·g^-1)	4.73±0.60 a	4.89±0.21 a	4.95	2.51~7.42	20.15	-0.58	-0.05
谷蛋白Gluten/(mg·g^-1)	20.39±4.60 b	30.10±2.93 a	26.01	7.83~47.20	29.97	-0.24	0.22
总蛋白Total protein/(mg·g^-1)	69.67±6.96 b	90.14±4.94 a	75.90	44.61~114.20	15.30	0.20	-0.11

性状 Trait	亲本Parents		重组自交系群体XJ-RILs population
性状 Trait	小米荞 Xiaomiqiao	晋荞麦2号 Jinqiaomai 2	均值 Mean	范围 Range	变异系数 CV/%	峰度 Kurtosis	偏度 Skewness
千粒重1 000-grain weight/g	14.36±0.93 b	20.94±0.74 a	18.17	11.88~26.73	17.13	-0.99	-0.19
粒长Grain length/mm	4.45±0.24 b	5.46±0.18 a	4.87	4.05~5.73	9.03	-1.12	0.02
粒宽Grain width/mm	2.90±0.11 b	3.29±0.16 a	3.14	2.78~3.64	5.79	-0.51	0.29
长宽比Length to width ratio	1.55±0.03 b	1.69±0.06 a	1.57	1.27~1.90	10.62	-1.45	0.00
清蛋白Albumin/(mg·g^-1)	35.09±4.54 b	45.04±2.19 a	34.10	10.29~56.39	24.03	-0.38	-0.11
球蛋白Globulin/(mg·g^-1)	9.96±1.21 b	11.38±1.05 a	10.84	5.68~13.48	16.07	0.25	-0.83
醇溶蛋白Gliadin/(mg·g^-1)	4.73±0.60 a	4.89±0.21 a	4.95	2.51~7.42	20.15	-0.58	-0.05
谷蛋白Gluten/(mg·g^-1)	20.39±4.60 b	30.10±2.93 a	26.01	7.83~47.20	29.97	-0.24	0.22
总蛋白Total protein/(mg·g^-1)	69.67±6.96 b	90.14±4.94 a	75.90	44.61~114.20	15.30	0.20	-0.11

类型 Type	株系数量 Number of lines	清蛋白Albumin			球蛋白Globulin			醇溶蛋白Gliadin			谷蛋白Gluten			总蛋白Total protein
类型 Type	株系数量 Number of lines	含量 Content/ (mg· g^-1)	范围 Range/ (mg· g^-1)	变异系数 CV/%	含量 Content/ (mg· g^-1)	范围 Range/ (mg· g^-1)	变异系数 CV/%	含量 Content/ (mg· g^-1)	范围 Range/ (mg· g^-1)	变异系数 CV/%	含量 Content/ (mg· g^-1)	范围 Range/ (mg· g^-1)	变异系数 CV/%	含量 Content/ (mg· g^-1)	范围 Range/ (mg· g^-1)	变异系数 CV/%
1	160	36.78± 7.12	16.43~ 56.39	19.36	10.77± 1.71	5.68~ 13.44	15.90	4.99± 0.94	2.51~ 7.42	18.89	24.28± 6.71	9.69~ 47.20	27.65	76.80± 11.48	44.61~ 114.20	14.94
2	53	26.53± 5.92	10.29~ 39.62	22.32	11.27± 1.49	7.49~ 13.48	13.19	4.79± 1.10	2.76~ 6.96	23.03	32.75± 6.23	17.45~ 46.53	19.02	75.34± 10.63	46.75~ 94.03	14.10
3	4	30.54± 6.74	24.36~ 41.75	22.06	11.40± 0.46	10.70~ 11.97	4.05	4.29± 0.79	3.69~ 5.65	18.45	9.56± 1.30	7.83~ 11.39	13.60	55.80± 8.82	46.81~ 70.40	15.82
4	2	22.62± 0.97	21.65~ 23.58	4.28	6.14± 0.19	5.95~ 6.33	3.15	6.28± 0.15	6.13~ 6.43	2.34	24.75± 0.68	24.07~ 25.43	2.75	59.78± 0.05	59.73~ 59.84	0.09
5	1	45.46	—	—	5.91	—	—	6.56	—	—	14.98	—	—	72.92	—	—

类型 Type	株系数量 Number of lines	清蛋白Albumin			球蛋白Globulin			醇溶蛋白Gliadin			谷蛋白Gluten			总蛋白Total protein
类型 Type	株系数量 Number of lines	含量 Content/ (mg· g^-1)	范围 Range/ (mg· g^-1)	变异系数 CV/%	含量 Content/ (mg· g^-1)	范围 Range/ (mg· g^-1)	变异系数 CV/%	含量 Content/ (mg· g^-1)	范围 Range/ (mg· g^-1)	变异系数 CV/%	含量 Content/ (mg· g^-1)	范围 Range/ (mg· g^-1)	变异系数 CV/%	含量 Content/ (mg· g^-1)	范围 Range/ (mg· g^-1)	变异系数 CV/%
1	160	36.78± 7.12	16.43~ 56.39	19.36	10.77± 1.71	5.68~ 13.44	15.90	4.99± 0.94	2.51~ 7.42	18.89	24.28± 6.71	9.69~ 47.20	27.65	76.80± 11.48	44.61~ 114.20	14.94
2	53	26.53± 5.92	10.29~ 39.62	22.32	11.27± 1.49	7.49~ 13.48	13.19	4.79± 1.10	2.76~ 6.96	23.03	32.75± 6.23	17.45~ 46.53	19.02	75.34± 10.63	46.75~ 94.03	14.10
3	4	30.54± 6.74	24.36~ 41.75	22.06	11.40± 0.46	10.70~ 11.97	4.05	4.29± 0.79	3.69~ 5.65	18.45	9.56± 1.30	7.83~ 11.39	13.60	55.80± 8.82	46.81~ 70.40	15.82
4	2	22.62± 0.97	21.65~ 23.58	4.28	6.14± 0.19	5.95~ 6.33	3.15	6.28± 0.15	6.13~ 6.43	2.34	24.75± 0.68	24.07~ 25.43	2.75	59.78± 0.05	59.73~ 59.84	0.09
5	1	45.46	—	—	5.91	—	—	6.56	—	—	14.98	—	—	72.92	—	—

性状 Trait	千粒重 1 000-grain weight	粒长 Grain length	粒宽 Grain width	长宽比 Length to width ratio	清蛋白 Albumin	球蛋白 Globulin	醇溶蛋白 Gliadin	谷蛋白 Gluten
粒长Grain length	0.567^**
粒宽Grain width	0.709^**	-0.010
长宽比Length to width ratio	0.110	0.853^**	-0.525^**
清蛋白Albumin	0.147^*	0.013	0.106	-0.054
球蛋白Globulin	0.194^**	0.052	0.258^**	-0.091	-0.043
醇溶蛋白Gliadin	-0.207^**	-0.379^**	0.018	-0.335^**	0.020	0.037
谷蛋白Gluten	0.275^**	0.252^**	0.121	0.141^*	0.016	0.142^*	-0.139^*
总蛋白Total protein	0.299^**	0.154^*	0.195^**	0.014	0.711^**	0.217^**	0.012	0.692^**

苦荞重组自交系群体粒重、粒形与蛋白组分含量的变异

Variation analysis of grain weight, grain shape and protein content in recombinant inbred lines population of tartary buckwheat

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类群	株系数量	千粒重	粒长	粒宽	长宽比	清蛋白	球蛋白	醇溶蛋白	谷蛋白	总蛋白
Group	Number of lines	1 000-grain weight	Grain length	Grain width	Length to width ratio	Albumin	Globulin	Gliadin	Gluten	Total protein
C1	22	15.38 de (12.85~ 20.33)	4.40 f (4.05~ 4.77)	3.09 de (2.89~ 3.45)	1.44 cd (1.33~ 1.64)	25.72 f (10.29~ 34.67)	11.52 abc (9.16~ 13.25)	5.05 bc (3.32~ 6.75)	25.16 c (7.83~ 36.40)	67.45 e (46.81~ 79.27)
C2	12	14.04 e (12.11~ 16.22)	4.21 g (4.08~ 4.40)	3.02 f (2.89~ 3.16)	1.41 cde (1.34~ 1.49)	38.49 b (35.21~ 42.36)	10.15 de (8.68~ 12.4)	5.86 a (4.94~ 6.94)	26.66 c (18.05~ 35.15)	81.16 b (71.07~ 92.43)
C3	28	15.67 d (12.19~ 20.75)	4.77 d (4.26~ 5.18)	3.02 f (2.79~ 3.28)	1.60 b (1.43~ 1.73)	36.24 bcd (26.06~ 47.23)	11.71 ab (9.06~ 13.16)	5.31 abc (4.29~ 6.34)	23.12 cd (11.39~ 37.23)	76.38 c (64.33~ 87.77)
C4	16	15.29 de (12.87~ 18.64)	4.95 c (4.50~ 5.30)	2.91 g (2.78~ 3.07)	1.72 a (1.62~ 1.77)	22.67 f (11.42~ 27.86)	10.25 de (7.76~ 12.87)	4.81 cd (3.49~ 6.21)	19.71 de (9.97~ 30.89)	57.43 g (44.61~ 70.10)
C5	10	14.76 de (11.88~ 21.61)	4.34 f (4.08~ 4.69)	3.03 ef (2.80~ 3.16)	1.45 c (1.36~ 1.68)	34.14 cde (21.65~ 45.46)	6.78 f (5.68~ 8.42)	5.76 a (4.43~ 7.42)	16.04 e (9.69~ 25.43)	62.72 f (56.23~ 72.92)
类群	株系数量	千粒重	粒长	粒宽	长宽比	清蛋白	球蛋白	醇溶蛋白	谷蛋白	总蛋白
Group	Number of lines	1 000-grain weight	Grain length	Grain width	Length to width ratio	Albumin	Globulin	Gliadin	Gluten	Total protein
C6	17	19.21 c (13.97~ 22.89)	4.57 e (4.31~ 4.89)	3.30 bc (3.09~ 3.45)	1.40 de (1.31~ 1.49)	37.29 bc (17.84~ 49.57)	11.01 bcd (7.46~ 13.32)	5.46 ab (4.00~ 6.90)	35.11 a (22.02~ 47.20)	88.87 a (70.77~ 114.20)
C7	12	19.83 abc (15.82~ 22.20)	4.56 e (4.19~ 4.76)	3.35 b (3.14~ 3.50)	1.38 e (1.31~ 1.45)	45.70 a (41.69~ 52.85)	11.07 bcd (9.94~ 12.01)	4.41 de (3.34~ 5.57)	20.61 d (14.69~ 25.43)	81.75 b (73.25~ 86.47)
C8	24	20.90 ab (18.54~ 23.18)	4.70 d (4.47~ 4.97)	3.45 a (3.34~ 3.64)	1.38 e (1.27~ 1.50)	31.49 e (19.98~ 42.16)	11.81 ab (9.01~ 13.48)	5.42 ab (3.82~ 6.84)	22.86 cd (16.16~ 34.47)	71.54 de (54.66~ 81.97)
C9	28	19.67 bc (13.69~ 22.44)	5.36 a (5.06~ 5.67)	3.08 def (2.85~ 3.21)	1.75 a (1.66~ 1.90)	42.59 a (34.81~ 56.39)	10.65 cde (8.45~ 13.39)	4.78 cd (3.31~ 6.17)	31.28 b (21.96~ 43.34)	89.31 a (78.56~ 104.05)
C10	13	21.11 a (17.66~ 26.73)	5.22 b (4.85~ 5.55)	3.23 c (3.09~ 3.34)	1.64 b (1.48~ 1.75)	32.84 de (26.32~ 37.81)	11.58 abc (9.15~ 12.71)	4.22 e (3.44~ 4.86)	37.10 a (29.64~ 46.53)	85.74 ab (79.29~ 93.98)
C11	10	20.81 ab (17.36~ 23.05)	5.42 a (5.23~ 5.56)	3.15 d (3.00~ 3.29)	1.75 a (1.62~ 1.88)	30.34 e (22.11~ 42.96)	12.08 a (11.12~ 13.44)	5.74 a (4.47~ 6.96)	26.10 c (19.46~ 34.41)	74.27 cd (62.29~ 82.79)
C12	28	20.01 abc (14.93~ 22.60)	5.39 a (5.00~ 5.73)	3.12 d (2.97~ 3.28)	1.75 a (1.63~ 1.85)	31.99 e (19.31~ 45.36)	9.85 e (6.37~ 13.22)	3.65 f (2.51~ 4.76)	25.52 c (18.27~ 36.65)	71.01 de (54.29~ 83.35)

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