红掌“一叶一花”竞争生长特性及蔗糖促花处理研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2022.10.12

浙江农业学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (10): 2182-2187.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2022.10.12

红掌“一叶一花”竞争生长特性及蔗糖促花处理研究

万晓(), 田丹青(), 潘晓韵, 潘刚敏, 葛亚英, 周媛, 谢卢鹏, 朱强

浙江省农业科学院浙江省园林植物与花卉研究所,浙江杭州 311251

收稿日期:2021-03-01 出版日期:2022-10-25 发布日期:2022-10-26
作者简介:*田丹青,E-mail: tdq0123@163.com
万晓(1989—),女,山东泰安人,博士,助理研究员,主要从事花卉分子育种研究。E-mail: wanxiaoww@163.com
通讯作者: 田丹青
基金资助:
浙江省“十三五”林木新品种选育重大科技专项子项(2016C02056-13)

Physiological characteristics and sucrose treatment of Anthurium at different developmental stages

WAN Xiao(), TIAN Danqing(), PAN Xiaoyun, PAN Gangmin, GE Yaying, ZHOU Yuan, XIE Lupeng, ZHU Qiang

Zhejiang Institute of Ornamental Plants and Flowers, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 311251, China

Received:2021-03-01 Online:2022-10-25 Published:2022-10-26
Contact: TIAN Danqing

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探究红掌发育过程中叶与花的营养分配关系,以Alabama为试材,测定各时期植株的形态特征指标、叶片不同发育时期的净光合速率和海藻糖-6-磷酸合成酶(TPS)活性,并以蔗糖溶液处理叶片统计花芽发育状况。结果表明,对于在同一生长点上的叶片与对应的苞片,T1-T3时期主要发育叶片;T3-T5时期,叶片逐步停止面积扩大及叶柄伸长,自身消耗减少,并向苞片提供养分,使其迅速发育;苞片的TPS活性在T1、T4及T5时期高于叶片,T2及T3时期与叶片差异不大;质量分数为15‰、20‰及25‰的蔗糖溶液均使花芽出现百分率提高。综上,红掌“一叶一花”的特性使其不同时期花叶存在不同的营养竞争关系,蔗糖在红掌花发育过程中发挥重要作用。

关键词: 红掌, 糖, 净光合速率, 海藻糖-6-磷酸合成酶

Abstract:

In order to explore the relationship between the nutrient distribution of leaves and flowers during the development of Anthurium, Alabama was used as the test material to measure the morphological characteristics, net photosynthetic rate and trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS) activity of leaves at different developmental stages. The development status of flower buds was recorded after the sucrose solution treatment. The results showed that for the same growing tip, one leaf corresponded to one bract. T1-T3 stage focused on the leaf development. The corresponding bract was mainly developed in T3-T5 period. Leaf area and petiole elongation gradually stopped and it provided nutrients to bract and made them develop rapidly at T3-T5 stage. The activity of TPS in bracts was higher than that in leaves at T1, T4 and T5, but there was no significant difference between bracts and leaves at T2 and T3. The appearance rates of flower buds were increased under sucrose solution treatment with mass fraction of 15‰, 20‰ and 25‰, respectively. In conclusion, the characteristics of one leaf corresponding to one flower make the flower and leaf have different nutritional competition relationship in different periods, and sucrose plays an important role in the development of Anthurium flower.

Key words: Anthurium, sucrose, photosynthetic rate, trehalose-6-phosphate synthase

中图分类号:

S682.14

万晓, 田丹青, 潘晓韵, 潘刚敏, 葛亚英, 周媛, 谢卢鹏, 朱强. 红掌“一叶一花”竞争生长特性及蔗糖促花处理研究[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2022, 34(10): 2182-2187.

WAN Xiao, TIAN Danqing, PAN Xiaoyun, PAN Gangmin, GE Yaying, ZHOU Yuan, XIE Lupeng, ZHU Qiang. Physiological characteristics and sucrose treatment of Anthurium at different developmental stages[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2022, 34(10): 2182-2187.

图/表 5

参考文献 26

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时期 Stage	外观描述 Appearance description	生长重点 Key project
T1	新叶和花芽尚未钻出鳞叶(现蕾期),此时花芽呈白色 The new leaves and flower buds have not yet drilled out of the scale leaf(squaring stage), and the flower buds are white at this time	叶芽从鳞叶中钻出,叶柄伸长,叶片面积增加,叶片平展 The leaf bud is drilling out of the scale leaf; the leaf petiole is elongating; the leaf area is increasing, and the leaf blade is flating
T2	花芽尚未钻出对应叶片基部的托叶(孕蕾期) Stipules that have not yet emerged from the base of the corresponding leaf (bud pregnant stage)	叶片面积增大,叶片加厚,花芽钻出托叶,花芽色素开始合成 Leaf area and thickness is increasing; flower buds is drilling out of the stipule; flower pigment is begining to synthesize
T3	花芽从托叶钻出1/2左右;花朵的佛焰苞先端2/3呈红色 Flower bud have drilled out half of the stipules; the 2/3 front apex of spathe is red	花芽的生长,花梗伸长,苞片面积增大,叶片蜡质增厚 Flower bud growth. Pedicel elongated, bract area enlarged, leaf waxy thickened
T4	佛焰苞卷曲,花柄为叶柄一半长 The spathe is still curly; the flower petiole length is half of the leaf	花梗伸长,苞片开展,面积增大 The flower pedicel is elongating; the spathe is flating; the spathe area is increasing
T5	佛焰苞完全打开,肉穗花序先端黄色占1/3,此时为最佳观赏期 The spathe is fully open, 1/3 apex of the spadix is yellow;this stage is the best viewing period	种子成熟 The seed is maturing

时期 Stage	外观描述 Appearance description	生长重点 Key project
T1	新叶和花芽尚未钻出鳞叶(现蕾期),此时花芽呈白色 The new leaves and flower buds have not yet drilled out of the scale leaf(squaring stage), and the flower buds are white at this time	叶芽从鳞叶中钻出,叶柄伸长,叶片面积增加,叶片平展 The leaf bud is drilling out of the scale leaf; the leaf petiole is elongating; the leaf area is increasing, and the leaf blade is flating
T2	花芽尚未钻出对应叶片基部的托叶(孕蕾期) Stipules that have not yet emerged from the base of the corresponding leaf (bud pregnant stage)	叶片面积增大,叶片加厚,花芽钻出托叶,花芽色素开始合成 Leaf area and thickness is increasing; flower buds is drilling out of the stipule; flower pigment is begining to synthesize
T3	花芽从托叶钻出1/2左右;花朵的佛焰苞先端2/3呈红色 Flower bud have drilled out half of the stipules; the 2/3 front apex of spathe is red	花芽的生长,花梗伸长,苞片面积增大,叶片蜡质增厚 Flower bud growth. Pedicel elongated, bract area enlarged, leaf waxy thickened
T4	佛焰苞卷曲,花柄为叶柄一半长 The spathe is still curly; the flower petiole length is half of the leaf	花梗伸长,苞片开展,面积增大 The flower pedicel is elongating; the spathe is flating; the spathe area is increasing
T5	佛焰苞完全打开,肉穗花序先端黄色占1/3,此时为最佳观赏期 The spathe is fully open, 1/3 apex of the spadix is yellow;this stage is the best viewing period	种子成熟 The seed is maturing

时期 Stage	发育到下一时期天数Duration of each stage/d	叶柄长 Petiole length/cm	叶长 Leaf length/cm	叶宽 Leaf width/cm	花梗长 Pedicel length/cm	苞片长 Bract length/cm	苞片宽 Bract width/cm
T1	55.25±4.11		10.43±0.21
T2	55.50±4.20	17.53±2.35	7.93±0.67	6.83±0.35
T3	35.00±1.41	22.30±1.8	17.07±0.45	12.23±0.15
T4	58.75±2.22	25.2±0.53	17.10±0.46	12.23±0.15	13.63±1.21	7.17±0.25
T5		28.47±0.60	17.23±0.31	12.23±0.15	29.37±0.95	9.07±0.21	9.60±0.26

时期 Stage	发育到下一时期天数Duration of each stage/d	叶柄长 Petiole length/cm	叶长 Leaf length/cm	叶宽 Leaf width/cm	花梗长 Pedicel length/cm	苞片长 Bract length/cm	苞片宽 Bract width/cm
T1	55.25±4.11		10.43±0.21
T2	55.50±4.20	17.53±2.35	7.93±0.67	6.83±0.35
T3	35.00±1.41	22.30±1.8	17.07±0.45	12.23±0.15
T4	58.75±2.22	25.2±0.53	17.10±0.46	12.23±0.15	13.63±1.21	7.17±0.25
T5		28.47±0.60	17.23±0.31	12.23±0.15	29.37±0.95	9.07±0.21	9.60±0.26

红掌“一叶一花”竞争生长特性及蔗糖促花处理研究

Physiological characteristics and sucrose treatment of Anthurium at different developmental stages

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