甜菊糖苷对黄羽肉鸡生长的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20241132

浙江农业学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (10): 2049-2056.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20241132

甜菊糖苷对黄羽肉鸡生长的影响

刘雅丽¹^,²^,³(), 杨福生³, 宋榜桂⁴, 杜雪⁵, 俞奇力³, 陈菲³, 陈国宏¹^,^*()

1.扬州大学动物科学与技术学院,江苏扬州225100
2.浙江省畜牧技术推广与种畜禽监测总站,浙江杭州310021
3.杭州萧山东海养殖有限责任公司,浙江杭州311500
4.南京农业大学动物科技学院,江苏南京210095
5.浙江农林大学动物科技学院·动物医学院,浙江杭州311300

收稿日期:2024-12-30 出版日期:2025-10-25 发布日期:2025-11-13
作者简介:刘雅丽(1984—),女,河北石家庄人,博士研究生,高级畜牧师,主要从事畜牧技术推广工作。E-mail:276143641@qq.com
通讯作者: *陈国宏,E-mail:ghchen@yzu.edu.cn
基金资助:
浙江省农业重大技术协同推广计划项目(2023ZDXT15)

Effects of steviol glycosides on the growth of yellow-feathered broilers

LIU Yali¹^,²^,³(), YANG Fusheng³, SONG Banggui⁴, DU Xue⁵, YU Qili³, CHEN Fei³, CHEN Guohong¹^,^*()

1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225100, Jiangsu, China
2. Zhejiang Provincial Livestock Technology Promotion and Breeding Livestock and Poultry Monitoring Station, Hangzhou 310021, China
3. Hangzhou Xiaoshan Donghai Breeding Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 311500, China
4. College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
5. College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China

Received:2024-12-30 Online:2025-10-25 Published:2025-11-13

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究甜菊糖苷对黄羽肉鸡生长的影响,选取240只36日龄健康且体重相近的岭南中速型雌性黄羽肉鸡,随机分成4组(对照组、低剂量组、中剂量组和高剂量组),每组6个重复,每个重复10只鸡。其中,对照组(CON)饲喂基础饲粮,低剂量组(LSTE)、中剂量组(MSTE)和高剂量组(HSTE)分别在基础饲粮中添加600、800、1 000 mg·kg^-1甜菊糖苷,预饲期7 d,试验期42 d,记录43~84日龄的平均日采食量(ADFI)、平均日增重(ADG)和饲料转化率(FCR),并通过ELISA法和生化法检测84日龄肉鸡的血清生殖激素和生化、抗氧化指标。结果显示,饲粮中添加甜菊糖苷对黄羽肉鸡43~84日龄的ADFI、ADG和FCR均无显著影响(p>0.05);饲粮中添加甜菊糖苷至84日龄时,黄羽肉鸡的血清雌二醇(E2)含量显著高于对照组(p<0.05),以中剂量组雌二醇含量为最高;各组的血清孕酮(P4)含量无显著差异(p>0.05);与对照组相比,饲粮中添加甜菊糖苷可显著(p<0.05)提高黄羽肉鸡血清白蛋白(ALB)和总蛋白(TP)含量,并显著降低尿酸(UA)含量(p<0.05),以中剂量组改善效果最佳。另外,与其他3组相比,中剂量组可显著(p<0.05)降低黄羽肉鸡血清中低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)含量。饲粮中添加甜菊糖苷可显著(p<0.05)提高黄羽肉鸡血清中核转录因子E2相关因子2(Nrf2)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶1(GPX1)和血红素加氧酶1(HO-1)含量,中剂量组超氧化物歧化酶1(SOD1)含量显著高于其他组(p<0.05)。综上所述,饲粮中添加甜菊糖苷可维持黄羽肉鸡机体健康水平,提高血清雌激素水平和抗氧化活性,在本试验条件下,饲粮中添加800 mg·kg^-1甜菊糖苷的效果最优。

关键词: 甜菊糖苷, 黄羽肉鸡, 生长, 生殖激素, 血清生化, 抗氧化活性

Abstract:

To investigate the effects of dietary steviol glycosides on the growth of yellow-feathered broilers, 240 healthy 36-day-old Lingnan medium-speed yellow-feathered female broilers with similar body weights were randomly allocated into 4 groups (control group, low-dose group, medium-dose group, and high-dose group), with 6 replicates per group and 10 chickens per replicate. The control group (CON) was fed a basal diet, while the low-dose (LSTE), medium-dose (MSTE), and high-dose (HSTE) groups received basal diet supplemented with 600, 800, and 1 000 mg·kg^-1 of steviol glycosides, respectively. After a 7-day adaptation period, the experiment lasted for 42 days. The average daily feed intake (ADFI), average daily gain (ADG), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were recorded during 43-day-old to 84-day-old. Serum reproductive hormones, biochemical parameters, and antioxidant indices of broilers at 84-day-old were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and biochemical methods. The results showed that dietary supplementation with steviol glycosides had no significant (p>0.05) effect on ADFI, ADG, or FCR from 43-day-old to 84-day-old. At 84-day-old, the serum estradiol (E2) content in broilers fed steviol glycosides was significantly (p<0.05) higher than that in the control group, with the medium-dose group showing the highest E2 level. No significant differences (p>0.05) were observed in serum progesterone (P4) content among the groups. Compared with the control group, dietary supplementation with steviol glycosides significantly (p<0.05) increased serum albumin (ALB) and total protein (TP) levels and significantly (p<0.05) reduced uric acid (UA) content, with the medium-dose group exhibiting the most pronounced improvements. Additionally, the medium-dose group significantly (p<0.05) lowered serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels compared with the other three groups. Dietary supplementation with steviol glycosides significantly increased serum levels of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1), and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) (p<0.05). The superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) content in the medium-dose group was significantly (p<0.05) higher than that in the other groups. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with steviol glycosides can improve health status, increase serum estrogen levels, and improve antioxidant activity in yellow-feathered broilers. Under the conditions of this experiment, the addition of 800 mg·kg^-1 steviol glycosides to the diet produced the most favorable effects.

Key words: steviol glycosides, yellow-feathered broiler, growth, reproductive hormone, serum biochemistry, antioxidant activity

中图分类号:

S831

刘雅丽, 杨福生, 宋榜桂, 杜雪, 俞奇力, 陈菲, 陈国宏. 甜菊糖苷对黄羽肉鸡生长的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2025, 37(10): 2049-2056.

LIU Yali, YANG Fusheng, SONG Banggui, DU Xue, YU Qili, CHEN Fei, CHEN Guohong. Effects of steviol glycosides on the growth of yellow-feathered broilers[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2025, 37(10): 2049-2056.

图/表 4

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处理 Treatment	平均日采食量ADFI/(g·d^-1)			平均日增重ADG/(g·d^-1)			饲料转化率FCR/%
处理 Treatment	43~63 d	64~84 d	43~84 d	43~63 d	64~84 d	43~84 d	43~63 d	64~84 d	43~84 d
对照组 CON	66.70 ±6.91	126.43 ±8.45	98.87 ±8.12	26.73 ±2.55	40.87 ±3.74	33.64 ±3.16	2.50 ±0.24	3.09 ±0.46	2.79 ±0.33
低剂量组 LSTE	66.62 ±7.24	119.64 ±10.23	92.51 ±8.66	27.53 ±1.67	40.66 ±3.74	33.94 ±3.21	2.42 ±0.14	2.94 ±0.65	2.67 ±0.45
中剂量组 MSTE	66.32 ±6.62	121.31 ±9.25	93.18 ±7.32	27.70 ±3.59	41.07 ±3.61	34.23 ±3.60	2.39 ±0.32	2.95 ±0.61	2.66 ±0.46
高剂量组 HSTE	67.04 ±6.97	116.81 ±9.69	91.35 ±8.45	27.85 ±2.28	39.54 ±3.49	33.56 ±3.05	2.41 ±0.21	2.95 ±0.70	2.67 ±0.62

处理 Treatment	平均日采食量ADFI/(g·d^-1)			平均日增重ADG/(g·d^-1)			饲料转化率FCR/%
处理 Treatment	43~63 d	64~84 d	43~84 d	43~63 d	64~84 d	43~84 d	43~63 d	64~84 d	43~84 d
对照组 CON	66.70 ±6.91	126.43 ±8.45	98.87 ±8.12	26.73 ±2.55	40.87 ±3.74	33.64 ±3.16	2.50 ±0.24	3.09 ±0.46	2.79 ±0.33
低剂量组 LSTE	66.62 ±7.24	119.64 ±10.23	92.51 ±8.66	27.53 ±1.67	40.66 ±3.74	33.94 ±3.21	2.42 ±0.14	2.94 ±0.65	2.67 ±0.45
中剂量组 MSTE	66.32 ±6.62	121.31 ±9.25	93.18 ±7.32	27.70 ±3.59	41.07 ±3.61	34.23 ±3.60	2.39 ±0.32	2.95 ±0.61	2.66 ±0.46
高剂量组 HSTE	67.04 ±6.97	116.81 ±9.69	91.35 ±8.45	27.85 ±2.28	39.54 ±3.49	33.56 ±3.05	2.41 ±0.21	2.95 ±0.70	2.67 ±0.62

处理 Treatment	TP/ (g· L^-1)	ALB/ (g· L^-1)	ALT/ (U· L^-1)	AST/ (U· L^-1)	γ-GT/ (U· L^-1)	TBIL/ (μmol· L^-1)	ALP/ (U· L^-1)	UA/ (μmol· L^-1)	CREA/ (μmol· L^-1)	BUN/ (mmol· L^-1)	LDL-C/ (mmol· L^-1)	TG/ (mmol· L^-1)	HDL-C/ (mmol· L^-1)	TC/ (mmol· L^-1)	GLU/ (mmol· L^-1)
对照组 CON	34.82± 4.20 b	19.82± 0.84 b	9.72± 1.59	269.45± 27.04	33.25± 12.89	20.82± 6.90	1 002.75 ±244.07	111.00± 7.70 a	114.72± 37.55	0.65± 0.01	1.36± 0.28 a	0.52± 0.09	2.67± 0.49	4.28± 0.77	6.30± 1.73
低剂量组 LSTE	44.30± 3.98 a	23.50± 1.62 a	9.97± 3.84	293.82± 50.75	41.00± 7.25	19.40± 5.55	898.25± 237.69	88.00± 13.44 bc	107.72± 46.35	0.66± 0.08	1.06± 0.12 a	0.54± 0.13	2.63± 0.18	3.79± 0.10	6.38± 2.61
中剂量组 MSTE	46.67± 3.87 a	25.15± 2.73 a	10.17± 3.20	250.37± 19.04	37.50± 14.43	19.00± 6.13	822.00± 103.19	79.25± 8.73 c	126.75± 18.31	0.66± 0.03	0.98± 0.12 b	0.64± 0.06	2.34± 0.32	3.53± 0.41	4.21± 3.28
高剂量组 HSTE	44.07± 2.66 a	23.85± 1.79 a	12.97± 3.79	290.02± 24.09	33.00± 12.32	21.65± 6.23	887.75± 283.29	95.50± 6.85 b	102.57± 27.13	0.63± 0.13	1.14± 0.22 a	0.67± 0.11	2.76± 0.30	4.07± 0.43	4.50± 2.70

处理 Treatment	TP/ (g· L^-1)	ALB/ (g· L^-1)	ALT/ (U· L^-1)	AST/ (U· L^-1)	γ-GT/ (U· L^-1)	TBIL/ (μmol· L^-1)	ALP/ (U· L^-1)	UA/ (μmol· L^-1)	CREA/ (μmol· L^-1)	BUN/ (mmol· L^-1)	LDL-C/ (mmol· L^-1)	TG/ (mmol· L^-1)	HDL-C/ (mmol· L^-1)	TC/ (mmol· L^-1)	GLU/ (mmol· L^-1)
对照组 CON	34.82± 4.20 b	19.82± 0.84 b	9.72± 1.59	269.45± 27.04	33.25± 12.89	20.82± 6.90	1 002.75 ±244.07	111.00± 7.70 a	114.72± 37.55	0.65± 0.01	1.36± 0.28 a	0.52± 0.09	2.67± 0.49	4.28± 0.77	6.30± 1.73
低剂量组 LSTE	44.30± 3.98 a	23.50± 1.62 a	9.97± 3.84	293.82± 50.75	41.00± 7.25	19.40± 5.55	898.25± 237.69	88.00± 13.44 bc	107.72± 46.35	0.66± 0.08	1.06± 0.12 a	0.54± 0.13	2.63± 0.18	3.79± 0.10	6.38± 2.61
中剂量组 MSTE	46.67± 3.87 a	25.15± 2.73 a	10.17± 3.20	250.37± 19.04	37.50± 14.43	19.00± 6.13	822.00± 103.19	79.25± 8.73 c	126.75± 18.31	0.66± 0.03	0.98± 0.12 b	0.64± 0.06	2.34± 0.32	3.53± 0.41	4.21± 3.28
高剂量组 HSTE	44.07± 2.66 a	23.85± 1.79 a	12.97± 3.79	290.02± 24.09	33.00± 12.32	21.65± 6.23	887.75± 283.29	95.50± 6.85 b	102.57± 27.13	0.63± 0.13	1.14± 0.22 a	0.67± 0.11	2.76± 0.30	4.07± 0.43	4.50± 2.70

处理 Treatment	活性Activity
处理 Treatment	SOD1	SOD2	Nrf2	CAT	GPX1	HO-1
对照组CON	237.54±30.54 b	49.89±8.70	1 105.99±203.41 c	56.68±6.34 c	735.57±216.10 b	65.77±10.60 b
低剂量组LSTE	236.84±30.23 b	44.68±9.54	1 510.36±101.92 ab	89.32±15.58 ab	1 075.87±416.29 a	88.68±11.47 a
中剂量组MSTE	276.35±20.96 a	51.71±6.06	1 792.89±138.40 a	101.76±17.02 a	1 031.23±110.96 a	92.21±10.80 a
高剂量组HSTE	237.79±49.83 b	48.16±6.08	1 583.05±267.11 b	78.90±14.05 b	1 010.82±88.65 a	86.36±6.47 a

甜菊糖苷对黄羽肉鸡生长的影响

Effects of steviol glycosides on the growth of yellow-feathered broilers

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