秀珍菇菌渣用作杂交兰组培苗栽培基质的可行性

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20240496

浙江农业学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (8): 1716-1722.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20240496

秀珍菇菌渣用作杂交兰组培苗栽培基质的可行性

赵福康(), 梅欢, 张晓莹, 傅巧娟()

杭州市农业科学研究院园艺研究所,浙江杭州 310024

收稿日期:2024-06-06 出版日期:2025-08-25 发布日期:2025-09-03
作者简介:赵福康(1969—),男,浙江杭州人,学士,高级农艺师,研究方向为观赏植物育种与栽培。E-mail: anandought@sina.com
通讯作者: *傅巧娟,E-mail: fqjwxj@126.com
基金资助:
浙江省市级农科院联盟区域示范性项目(2023SJLM02);杭州市农科院农业科技创新与示范推广基金项目(2022HNCT-05);杭州市余杭区农业与社会发展科研项目(2023)

Feability of Pleurotus geesteranus residue as substrate for tissue culture seedlings of hybrid orchid

ZHAO Fukang(), MEI Huan, ZHANG Xiaoying, FU Qiaojuan()

Institute of Horticulture, Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China

Received:2024-06-06 Online:2025-08-25 Published:2025-09-03
Contact: FU Qiaojuan

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以3个品系的杂交兰组培苗为试材,研究秀珍菇菌渣添加量(10%、30%、50%、80%、100%)对栽培基质理化性质和杂交兰生长的影响。结果表明:与常规使用的栽培基质相比,添加秀珍菇菌渣可降低栽培基质的容重、通气孔隙度和气水比,提高持水孔隙度、pH值和电导率。在基质中添加不同比例的菌渣对杂交兰组培苗生长状况的影响不同。在GZ1-11和GZ3-7品系上,当菌渣添加量不超过30%时,杂交兰的生长状况与对照(使用常规栽培培基)相近或更优;在GZ2-1品系上,当菌渣添加量不超过50%时,杂交兰的株高,鲜重,根数,根长,假鳞茎横径、纵径等指标显著(p<0.05)高于对照。综合考虑,秀珍菇菌渣可作为栽培基质用于杂交兰生产,添加量以不超过30%为宜。

关键词: 杂交兰, 组培苗, 秀珍菇菌渣, 基质

Abstract:

By using three types of hybrid orchid tissue culture seedlings as test materials, the effects of addition amount (10%, 30%, 50%, 80%, 100%) of Pleurotus geesteranus residue on the physicochemical properties of the cultivation substrate and the growth of hybrid orchids were investigated. It was shown that adding P. geesteranus residue reduced the bulk density, aeration porosity and air-water ratio of the substrate, while increased the water holding porosity, pH value and electrical conductivity, as compared with the commonly used cultivation substrate. Different addition amounts of P. geesteranus residue to the substrate had varying effects on the growth status of tissue culture seedlings of hybrid orchid. For the hybrid orchids GZ1-11 and GZ3-7, when the addition amount of P. geesteranus residue was not higher than 30%, their growth status was similar to or better than the control group (CK), which used the common cultivation substrate. For the hybrid orchid GZ2-1, when the addition amount of P. geesteranus residue did not exceed 50%, the plant height, fresh weight, root number, root length, and vertical and transverse diameter of pseudobulb were significantly (p<0.05) superior than those of the CK. Overall, P. geesteranus residue could be used in cultivation substrate for hybrid orchid production, with an appropriate addition amount not exceeding 30%.

Key words: hybrid orchid, tissue culture seedling, Pleurotus geesteranus residue, substrate

中图分类号:

S682.31

赵福康, 梅欢, 张晓莹, 傅巧娟. 秀珍菇菌渣用作杂交兰组培苗栽培基质的可行性[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2025, 37(8): 1716-1722.

ZHAO Fukang, MEI Huan, ZHANG Xiaoying, FU Qiaojuan. Feability of Pleurotus geesteranus residue as substrate for tissue culture seedlings of hybrid orchid[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2025, 37(8): 1716-1722.

图/表 7

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处理 Treatment	容重 Bulk density/ (g·cm^-3)	总孔隙度 Total porosity/ %	通气孔隙度 Aeration porosity/%	持水孔隙度 Water holding porosity/%	气水比 Air-water ratio	pH值 pH value	电导率 Electrical conductivity/ (μS·cm^-1)
CK	0.61±0.02 a	69.13±2.19 ab	53.08±1.94 a	15.53±0.71 c	3.43±0.27 a	5.58±0.08 f	436.00±1.41 d
T1	0.49±0.01 b	70.72±1.37 a	47.26±1.33 ab	25.19±1.53 ab	1.88±0.17 b	5.79±0.08 e	182.50±3.54 f
T2	0.52±0.02 b	69.54±1.56 ab	46.81±2.01 ab	21.86±1.55 bc	2.15±0.24 b	6.30±0.04 d	326.50±9.19 e
T3	0.51±0.02 b	71.15±0.57 a	43.69±8.19 b	27.78±8.28 ab	1.69±0.80 b	6.53±0.05 c	506.50±2.12 c
T4	0.50±0.02 b	71.17±2.37 a	42.74±1.67 b	28.42±1.97 a	1.51±0.13 b	7.11±0.07 b	688.00±5.66 b
T5	0.53±0.03 b	67.15±2.12 b	42.47±2.23 b	24.70±1.88 ab	1.73±0.20 b	7.46±0.08 a	771.50±2.12 a

处理 Treatment	容重 Bulk density/ (g·cm^-3)	总孔隙度 Total porosity/ %	通气孔隙度 Aeration porosity/%	持水孔隙度 Water holding porosity/%	气水比 Air-water ratio	pH值 pH value	电导率 Electrical conductivity/ (μS·cm^-1)
CK	0.61±0.02 a	69.13±2.19 ab	53.08±1.94 a	15.53±0.71 c	3.43±0.27 a	5.58±0.08 f	436.00±1.41 d
T1	0.49±0.01 b	70.72±1.37 a	47.26±1.33 ab	25.19±1.53 ab	1.88±0.17 b	5.79±0.08 e	182.50±3.54 f
T2	0.52±0.02 b	69.54±1.56 ab	46.81±2.01 ab	21.86±1.55 bc	2.15±0.24 b	6.30±0.04 d	326.50±9.19 e
T3	0.51±0.02 b	71.15±0.57 a	43.69±8.19 b	27.78±8.28 ab	1.69±0.80 b	6.53±0.05 c	506.50±2.12 c
T4	0.50±0.02 b	71.17±2.37 a	42.74±1.67 b	28.42±1.97 a	1.51±0.13 b	7.11±0.07 b	688.00±5.66 b
T5	0.53±0.03 b	67.15±2.12 b	42.47±2.23 b	24.70±1.88 ab	1.73±0.20 b	7.46±0.08 a	771.50±2.12 a

材料Material	处理Treatment	叶片数Number of leaves	叶长Leaf length/cm	叶宽Leaf width/cm
GZ1-11	CK	7.47±1.30 ab	24.75±3.19 a	3.01±0.23 a
	T1	7.07±1.53 ab	22.64±4.50 a	3.11±0.71 a
	T2	6.53±1.41 bc	22.92±2.15 a	3.03±0.48 a
	T3	8.00±1.07 a	23.59±2.18 a	3.13±0.32 a
	T4	5.87±1.13 c	22.95±2.74 a	3.01±0.39 a
	T5	3.33±1.29 d	15.52±3.34 b	2.93±0.22 a
GZ2-1	CK	9.40±0.83 a	25.87±2.58 bc	4.00±0.24 c
	T1	9.13±0.92 a	27.91±2.34 b	4.25±0.40 bc
	T2	8.93±1.03 a	30.08±3.21 a	4.49±0.29 ab
	T3	7.80±0.77 b	31.45±3.11 a	4.52±0.31 a
	T4	7.47±0.99 b	26.55±2.17 b	4.25±0.37 bc
	T5	6.20±1.01 c	24.25±3.74 c	3.63±0.53 d
GZ3-7	CK	4.73±0.80 ab	12.85±2.43 b	2.41±0.24 b
	T1	4.93±1.28 a	16.21±2.36 a	2.97±0.82 a
	T2	3.60±1.64 c	14.89±1.29 a	2.88±0.56 a
	T3	3.40±0.63 c	15.21±2.15 a	2.64±0.32 ab
	T4	3.73±0.88 c	15.84±1.58 a	2.68±0.35 ab
	T5	4.07±0.59 bc	15.95±1.89 a	2.64±0.30 ab

材料Material	处理Treatment	叶片数Number of leaves	叶长Leaf length/cm	叶宽Leaf width/cm
GZ1-11	CK	7.47±1.30 ab	24.75±3.19 a	3.01±0.23 a
	T1	7.07±1.53 ab	22.64±4.50 a	3.11±0.71 a
	T2	6.53±1.41 bc	22.92±2.15 a	3.03±0.48 a
	T3	8.00±1.07 a	23.59±2.18 a	3.13±0.32 a
	T4	5.87±1.13 c	22.95±2.74 a	3.01±0.39 a
	T5	3.33±1.29 d	15.52±3.34 b	2.93±0.22 a
GZ2-1	CK	9.40±0.83 a	25.87±2.58 bc	4.00±0.24 c
	T1	9.13±0.92 a	27.91±2.34 b	4.25±0.40 bc
	T2	8.93±1.03 a	30.08±3.21 a	4.49±0.29 ab
	T3	7.80±0.77 b	31.45±3.11 a	4.52±0.31 a
	T4	7.47±0.99 b	26.55±2.17 b	4.25±0.37 bc
	T5	6.20±1.01 c	24.25±3.74 c	3.63±0.53 d
GZ3-7	CK	4.73±0.80 ab	12.85±2.43 b	2.41±0.24 b
	T1	4.93±1.28 a	16.21±2.36 a	2.97±0.82 a
	T2	3.60±1.64 c	14.89±1.29 a	2.88±0.56 a
	T3	3.40±0.63 c	15.21±2.15 a	2.64±0.32 ab
	T4	3.73±0.88 c	15.84±1.58 a	2.68±0.35 ab
	T5	4.07±0.59 bc	15.95±1.89 a	2.64±0.30 ab

处理 Treatment	假鳞茎纵径Vertical diameter of pseudobulb			假鳞茎横径Transverse diameter of pseudobulb
处理 Treatment	GZ1-11	GZ2-1	GZ3-7	GZ1-11	GZ2-1	GZ3-7
CK	4.43±0.57 ab	4.47±0.50 b	3.35±0.36 b	3.54±0.47 ab	3.43±0.27 c	2.63±0.20 b
T1	4.05±0.75 bcd	4.94±0.44 a	3.65±0.84 ab	3.15±0.49 c	3.73±0.37 b	2.88±0.44 ab
T2	3.90±0.71 cd	5.19±0.37 a	3.63±0.85 ab	3.31±0.55 bc	4.04±0.31 a	2.96±0.50 a
T3	4.31±0.56 abc	5.27±0.49 a	3.50±0.47 ab	3.59±0.38 ab	4.27±0.50 a	2.89±0.37 ab
T4	4.59±1.02 a	4.39±0.42 b	3.53±0.36 ab	3.67±0.30 a	3.70±0.34 bc	3.00±0.24 a
T5	3.68±0.24 d	4.03±0.58 c	3.81±0.33 a	3.07±0.29 c	3.44±0.50 c	3.15±0.37 a

秀珍菇菌渣用作杂交兰组培苗栽培基质的可行性

Feability of Pleurotus geesteranus residue as substrate for tissue culture seedlings of hybrid orchid

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处理 Treatment	根数Root number			根长Root length/cm
处理 Treatment	GZ1-11	GZ2-1	GZ3-7	GZ1-11	GZ2-1	GZ3-7
CK	12.93±2.22 ab	6.80±2.08 c	9.13±2.72 a	15.08±2.49 a	14.02±2.11 b	15.29±2.15 cd
T1	11.60±3.81 bc	12.27±1.87 a	10.47±2.29 a	15.62±3.90 a	17.06±2.38 a	20.63±3.66 a
T2	13.13±2.83 ab	11.67±2.50 a	10.07±2.25 a	11.49±3.03 b	17.28±2.56 a	17.43±3.33 bc
T3	13.07±2.05 ab	11.40±2.23 a	8.93±2.25 a	11.63±1.48 b	16.01±1.35 a	19.29±3.27 ab
T4	14.60±2.32 a	9.53±1.41 b	9.13±3.40 a	10.03±2.05 b	14.45±1.54 b	13.65±2.41 d
T5	10.40±2.10 c	9.53±2.07 b	10.60±1.84 a	6.63±1.94 c	11.71±2.61 c	14.26±3.60 d

处理 Treatment	根数Root number			根长Root length/cm
处理 Treatment	GZ1-11	GZ2-1	GZ3-7	GZ1-11	GZ2-1	GZ3-7
CK	12.93±2.22 ab	6.80±2.08 c	9.13±2.72 a	15.08±2.49 a	14.02±2.11 b	15.29±2.15 cd
T1	11.60±3.81 bc	12.27±1.87 a	10.47±2.29 a	15.62±3.90 a	17.06±2.38 a	20.63±3.66 a
T2	13.13±2.83 ab	11.67±2.50 a	10.07±2.25 a	11.49±3.03 b	17.28±2.56 a	17.43±3.33 bc
T3	13.07±2.05 ab	11.40±2.23 a	8.93±2.25 a	11.63±1.48 b	16.01±1.35 a	19.29±3.27 ab
T4	14.60±2.32 a	9.53±1.41 b	9.13±3.40 a	10.03±2.05 b	14.45±1.54 b	13.65±2.41 d
T5	10.40±2.10 c	9.53±2.07 b	10.60±1.84 a	6.63±1.94 c	11.71±2.61 c	14.26±3.60 d

处理 Treatment	株高Plant height/cm			鲜重Fresh weight/g
处理 Treatment	GZ1-11	GZ2-1	GZ3-7	GZ1-11	GZ2-1	GZ3-7
CK	21.02±4.06 a	19.17±3.65 b	16.93±2.70 b	13.97±4.17 a	17.14±3.34 b	12.28±2.48 c
T1	19.84±4.03 a	23.68±2.70 a	19.97±3.13 a	13.23±3.53 a	21.83±3.55 a	17.87±2.91 a
T2	19.18±4.53 ab	24.28±3.73 a	18.51±1.52 ab	10.35±3.85 b	22.86±4.15 a	16.10±2.73 ab
T3	17.05±3.42 b	24.45±3.61 a	18.62±2.51 ab	10.33±2.53 b	21.77±3.36 a	16.54±4.08 ab
T4	19.59±3.67 ab	20.52±3.21 b	18.08±2.87 ab	13.94±2.57 a	17.27±3.49 b	14.35±4.26 bc
T5	12.31±2.58 c	18.47±2.45 b	17.91±2.95 b	6.91±1.46 c	13.27±3.93 c	16.96±4.66 ab

处理 Treatment	株高Plant height/cm			鲜重Fresh weight/g
处理 Treatment	GZ1-11	GZ2-1	GZ3-7	GZ1-11	GZ2-1	GZ3-7
CK	21.02±4.06 a	19.17±3.65 b	16.93±2.70 b	13.97±4.17 a	17.14±3.34 b	12.28±2.48 c
T1	19.84±4.03 a	23.68±2.70 a	19.97±3.13 a	13.23±3.53 a	21.83±3.55 a	17.87±2.91 a
T2	19.18±4.53 ab	24.28±3.73 a	18.51±1.52 ab	10.35±3.85 b	22.86±4.15 a	16.10±2.73 ab
T3	17.05±3.42 b	24.45±3.61 a	18.62±2.51 ab	10.33±2.53 b	21.77±3.36 a	16.54±4.08 ab
T4	19.59±3.67 ab	20.52±3.21 b	18.08±2.87 ab	13.94±2.57 a	17.27±3.49 b	14.35±4.26 bc
T5	12.31±2.58 c	18.47±2.45 b	17.91±2.95 b	6.91±1.46 c	13.27±3.93 c	16.96±4.66 ab