恩诺沙星及其代谢物在江山乌骨鸡中残留消除规律研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20250673

浙江农业学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (4): 781-787.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20250673

恩诺沙星及其代谢物在江山乌骨鸡中残留消除规律研究

钱玲玲¹(), 钱鸣蓉², 林辉³, 李锐¹, 章虎¹, 余紫晴¹, 汪建妹¹^,^*()

¹ 浙江省农业科学院农产品质量安全与营养研究所, 浙江杭州 310021
² 浙江树人学院交叉科学研究院, 浙江杭州 310015
³ 浙江省农业科学院环境资源与土壤肥料研究所, 浙江杭州 310021

收稿日期:2025-11-03 出版日期:2026-04-25 发布日期:2026-05-08
作者简介:*汪建妹,E-mail: wangjianmei@zaas.ac.cn
钱玲玲,主要从事农产品兽药残留检测工作。E-mail:373316903@qq.com
通讯作者: 汪建妹
基金资助:
畜禽投入品及产品跟踪监测(2024);畜禽投入品及产品跟踪监测(2024R19A60D17);浙江省农业农村厅农产品质量安全隐患及风险评估项目(CTZB-2022030457-10-2023)

Study on the residue elimination pattern of enrofloxacin and its metabolites in Jiangshan black-bone chickens

QIAN Lingling¹(), QIAN Mingrong², LIN Hui³, LI Rui¹, ZHANG Hu¹, YU Ziqing¹, WANG Jianmei¹^,^*()

¹ Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
² Interdisciplinary Research Academy, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
³ Institute of Environment, Resource, Soil and Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China

Received:2025-11-03 Published:2026-04-25 Online:2026-05-08
Contact: WANG Jianmei

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为研究恩诺沙星及其代谢物(环丙沙星)在江山乌骨鸡中的残留消除规律,选取76羽大小一致、公母各半、饲养条件相同的江山乌骨鸡,在97~107日龄期间,以每升水0.75 g恩诺沙星可溶性粉的剂量连续给药5 d。停药后第5、7、10、14、21、28、42 天,分别采集鸡肉、鸡肝、鸡肾、鸡皮脂,采用液相色谱-串联质谱法检测恩诺沙星及其代谢物的残留量,并用WT1.4计算软件分别拟合恩诺沙星及其代谢物在公鸡与母鸡体内的休药期。结果显示,母鸡体内肌肉、肝、肾和皮脂的休药期分别为148.2、17.6、57.4和232.3 d,公鸡体内分别为115.2、19.1、60.7和259.9 d。为保证江山乌骨鸡体内恩诺沙星残留符合法规要求,建议休药期不低于260 d。

关键词: 恩诺沙星, 残留, 江山乌骨鸡, 休药期

Abstract:

To study the residue elimination pattern of enrofloxacin and its metabolites (ciprofloxacin) in Jiangshan black-bone chickens, 76 Jiangshan black-bone chickens, of similar size, half roosters and half hens, were raised under the same feeding conditions until 97-107 days of age. Enrofloxacin soluble powder was administered continuously at a dose of 0.75 g per liter of drinking water for 5 d. Samples of muscle, liver, kidney and sebum were collected at 5, 7, 10, 14, 21, 28 and 42 d after drug withdrawal. The residues of enrofloxacin and its metabolites were detected using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The withdrawal periods for enrofloxacin and its metabolite in roosters and hens were calculated using WT1.4 software. The results showed that the withdrawal periods in hens were 148.2, 17.6, 57.4 and 232.3 d for muscle, liver, kidney and sebum, respectively; in roosters, the withdrawal periods were 115.2, 19.1, 60.7 and 259.9 d, respectively. To ensure that enrofloxacin residues in Jiangshan black-bone chicken meet the regulatory requirements, it is recommended that the withdrawal period be set at no less than 260 d.

Key words: enrofloxacin, residue, Jiangshan black-bone chicken, withdrawal period

中图分类号:

S831

钱玲玲, 钱鸣蓉, 林辉, 李锐, 章虎, 余紫晴, 汪建妹. 恩诺沙星及其代谢物在江山乌骨鸡中残留消除规律研究[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2026, 38(4): 781-787.

QIAN Lingling, QIAN Mingrong, LIN Hui, LI Rui, ZHANG Hu, YU Ziqing, WANG Jianmei. Study on the residue elimination pattern of enrofloxacin and its metabolites in Jiangshan black-bone chickens[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2026, 38(4): 781-787.

图/表 8

参考文献 20

[1]	王綪, 金钥, 杨毅青, 等. 动物食品氟喹诺酮类药残检测国内外研究现状[J]. 食品研究与开发, 2014, 35(16): 121-125.
	WANG Q, JIN Y, YANG Y Q, et al. Research status on determination of fluoroquinolones residues in animal food both at home and abroad[J]. Food Research and Development, 2014, 35(16): 121-125.
[2]	刘芳. 全蛋液中恩诺沙星药物残留基体标准物质的研制[D]. 北京: 中国农业科学院, 2018.
	LIU F. Development of the certified reference material of enrofloxacin residue in whole liquid egg[D]. Beijing: Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2018.
[3]	毕田田, 赵海燕, 张双灵. 氧氟沙星乳酸诺氟沙星和恩诺沙星对金鱼的急性毒性试验研究[J]. 农产品加工(下), 2015(8): 31-33.
	BI T T, ZHAO H Y, ZHANG S L. Acute toxicity experience to goldfish of ofloxacin, norfloxacin lactate and enrofloxacin[J]. Farm Products Processing, 2015(8): 31-33.
[4]	李永盼. 鸡蛋中氟喹诺酮类药物残留的危害及检测技术应用[J]. 食品安全导刊, 2020(18): 155.
	LI Y P. Harm of fluoroquinolones residues in eggs and application of detection technology[J]. China Food Safety Magazine, 2020(18): 155.
[5]	李倩, 张玉洁, 李丹, 等. 兽用喹诺酮类药物的使用情况及药物残留检测进展[J]. 黑龙江畜牧兽医, 2020(19): 51-54.
	LI Q, ZHANG Y J, LI D, et al. Research progress on the use of veterinary quinolones and the detection of drug residue[J]. Heilongjiang Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, 2020(19): 51-54.
[6]	苏五珍. 家畜胚胎性别鉴定的研究进展[J]. 浙江畜牧兽医, 2006, 31(5): 8-10.
	SU W Z. Research progress on sex identification of livestock embryos[J]. Zhejiang Journal Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, 2006, 31(5): 8-10.
[7]	廖洁丹, 李守军, 丁焕中, 等. 恩诺沙星及其代谢产物在奶牛乳中的消除规律[J]. 中国农业科学, 2009, 42(1): 312-317.
	LIAO J D, LI S J, DING H Z, et al. Depletion of enrofloxacin and its metabolite in the milkof lactating cows[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2009, 42(1): 312-317.
[8]	国家市场监督管理总局. 食品安全抽检公布结果查询系统[EB/OL]. [2024-12-03]. https://spcjsac.gsxt.gov.cn/.
[9]	北京智云达科技股份有限公司. 食安通—食品抽检信息与分析[EB/OL]. [2024-12-03]. https://eshian.com/sat/foodsampling.
[10]	李佃场, 陈诗博, 宋涛. 肉鸡养殖场抗菌药使用情况分析[J]. 中国畜禽种业, 2022, 18(3): 188-189.
	LI D C, CHEN S B, SONG T. Analysis on the use of antibacterials in broiler farm[J]. The Chinese Livestock and Poultry Breeding, 2022, 18(3): 188-189.
[11]	孙红洋, 白玉惠, 尹晖, 等. 恩诺沙星可溶性粉在北京油鸡体内残留消除规律研究[J]. 中国家禽, 2023, 45(2): 65-70.
	SUN H Y, BAI Y H, YIN H, et al. Residue depletion rule study of enrofloxacin soluble powder in Beijing-you chicken[J]. China Poultry, 2023, 45(2): 65-70.
[12]	马敏彪, 曹丁壬, 崔鸣, 等. 7种地方鸡蛋品质及繁殖相关基因分析[J]. 中国畜牧杂志, 2023, 59(11): 119-122.
	MA M B, CAO D R, CUI M, et al. Analysis of quality and reproduction related genes of seven local eggs[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Science, 2023, 59(11): 119-122.
[13]	郑玉仙, 王锦. 江山乌骨鸡产业振兴发展的建议[J]. 浙江畜牧兽医, 2022, 47(4): 39-40.
	ZHENG Y X, WANG J. Suggestions on the revitalization and development of Jiangshan black-bone chicken industry[J]. Zhejiang Journal Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, 2022, 47(4): 39-40.
[14]	唐敏敏, 朱磊, 栾枫婷, 等. 恩诺沙星在雪山鸡不同组织中残留消除规律研究[J]. 江苏农业科学, 2020, 48(21): 215-219.
	TANG M M, ZHU L, LUAN F T, et al. Study on residue and elimination rule of enrofloxacin in different tissues of Xueshan chicken[J]. Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences, 2020, 48(21): 215-219.
[15]	余军军, 谢焕龙, 宁军, 等. 恩诺沙星可溶性粉在白羽乌骨鸡组织中残留消除规律研究[J/OL]. 畜牧兽医科学(电子版), 2021(5): 8-9.
	YU J J, XIE H L, NING J, et al. Residue deption study of enrofloxacin soluble powder in black-bone silky fowl[J/OL]. Graziery Veterinary Sciences (Electronic Version), 2021(5): 8-9.
[16]	赵琳, 张大文, 张瑞英, 等. 恩诺沙星在余干乌鸡不同组织中的残留消除规律研究[J]. 食品安全质量检测学报, 2022, 13(4): 1327-1333.
	ZHAO L, ZHANG D W, ZHANG R Y, et al. Study on residue elimination rule of enrofloxacin in different tissues of Yugan black-bone fowl[J]. Journal of Food Safety & Quality, 2022, 13(4): 1327-1333.
[17]	FUKUDA M, SASAKI K, MORITA Y, et al. Studies on the binding mechanism of fluoroquinolones to melanin[J]. Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy, 2000, 6(2): 72-76.
[18]	LI Y Q, DU J W, YANG Q, et al. The withdrawal time of enrofloxacin, sulfachloropyrazine sodium, and doxycycline as well as the in vitro binding interaction with melanin in black-feathered silky fowl[J]. Food Chemistry, 2024, 24: 101994.
[19]	汪芳杰. 生态鸡养殖的技术优势分析及养殖模式探讨[J]. 吉林畜牧兽医, 2024, 45(7): 73-75.
	WANG F J. Analysis on the technical advantages of free range chicken’s culture and discussion on its culture mode[J]. Jilin Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2024, 45(7): 73-75.
[20]	陆萌, 兰晔. 微生态制剂在肉鸡无抗养殖过程中的应用[J]. 吉林畜牧兽医, 2024, 45(12): 79-81.
	LU M, LAN Y. Application of microecological preparation in broiler breeding without resistance[J]. Jilin Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2024, 45(12): 79-81.

t/min	流速/(mL·min^-1) Flow rate/(mL·min^-1)	A/%	B/%
0	0.40	5	95
2.0	0.40	20	80
6.5	0.40	99	1
8.0	0.40	99	1
8.1	0.40	5	95
10.0	0.40	5	95

t/min	流速/(mL·min^-1) Flow rate/(mL·min^-1)	A/%	B/%
0	0.40	5	95
2.0	0.40	20	80
6.5	0.40	99	1
8.0	0.40	99	1
8.1	0.40	5	95
10.0	0.40	5	95

药物 Drug	定性离子对(m/z) Qualitative ion pairs(m/z)	定量离子对(m/z) Quantitative ion pairs(m/z)	去簇电压/V Declustering potential/V	碰撞能量/eV Collision energy/eV
恩诺沙星	360.1>316.0	360.1>316.0	80	23
Enrofloxacin	360.1>245.4			40
环丙沙星	332.0>314.0	332.0>314.0	80	25
Ciprofloxacin	332.0>231.0			45

药物 Drug	定性离子对(m/z) Qualitative ion pairs(m/z)	定量离子对(m/z) Quantitative ion pairs(m/z)	去簇电压/V Declustering potential/V	碰撞能量/eV Collision energy/eV
恩诺沙星	360.1>316.0	360.1>316.0	80	23
Enrofloxacin	360.1>245.4			40
环丙沙星	332.0>314.0	332.0>314.0	80	25
Ciprofloxacin	332.0>231.0			45

组织 Tissue	恩诺沙星Enrofloxacin				环丙沙星Ciprofloxacin
组织 Tissue	标准曲线方程 Calibration curve equation	相关系数 Correlation coefficient	回收率/% Recovery/ %	相对偏差/% Relative deviation/%	标准曲线方程 Calibration curve equation	相关系数 Correlation coefficient	回收率/% Recovery/ %	相对偏差/% Relative deviation/%
肌肉Muscle	y=257 920x+207 389	0.999 8	78.9	9.2	y=481 424x+643 445	0.999 1	74.4	3.8
肝Liver	y=147 931x+42 976	0.999 9	68.6	11.3	y=269 635x+59 372	0.999 0	78.3	9.3
肾Kidney	y=182 878x+92 254	1.000 0	74.5	3.2	y=344 484x+55 745	0.999 9	72.2	4.3
皮脂Sebum	y=150 087x+84 190	0.999 9	73.0	4.8	y=263 916x+11 177	0.998 9	71.7	2.1

恩诺沙星及其代谢物在江山乌骨鸡中残留消除规律研究

Study on the residue elimination pattern of enrofloxacin and its metabolites in Jiangshan black-bone chickens

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 8

参考文献 20

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

停药后时间/d Time after withdrawal/d	恩诺沙星残留总量/(μg·kg^-1)Total enrofloxacin residues/(μg·kg^-1)
停药后时间/d Time after withdrawal/d	肌肉Muscle	肝Liver	肾Kidney	皮脂Sebum
5	463.6±88.8 b	287.7±92.1 a	1 490.3±589.2 a	6 578.3±2 099.9 a
7	482.5±114.2 b	225.6±52.1 a	1 595.7±366.3 a	5 326.2±2 711.5 ab
10	516.2±160.4 b	74.9±16.0 b	1 453.4±364.9 a	4 479.3±2 499.1 abc
14	848.0±164.3 a	75.4±27.6 b	889.8±484.3 ab	3 558.2±1 475.1 abc
21	590.7±170.9 b	42.2±9.27 b	636.8±300.5 b	1 644.5±496.0 c
28	345.6±91.0 bc	36.2±6.24 b	382.9±170.1 b	1 710.7±815.5 c
42	196.1±71.3 c	20.4±6.05 b	245.8±149.5 b	2 347.5±1 396.9 bc

[1]	朱洁, 徐汇镔, 项林敏, 胡园, 陆荣茂, 蔡景波. 滩涂贝类及其养殖环境中16种农药残留的同步检测与膳食暴露风险评估[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2026, 38(4): 769-780.
[2]	丁培珩, 于菲, 程珂, 王辰雪, 郑晓, 慕文静, 王秀国. 唑虫酰胺与氟啶虫酰胺在茶叶中的残留消解与膳食风险评估[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2026, 38(3): 581-587.
[3]	边晓霞, 施梦迪, 杨怡中, 范盈盈, 张雨晨, 王玉晶, 王富兰, 王成, 刘峰娟. 新疆无核白葡萄及其干制品的农药残留风险评估[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2026, 38(2): 372-382.
[4]	余红伟, 邓惠丹, 杨华, 肖英平, 丁向英, 吉小凤. 动物源性食品中兽药残留检测技术及兽药残留污染状况分析[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2025, 37(1): 203-216.
[5]	王晓梅, 骆玉琴, 赵学平, 陆兰菲, 方楠, 王祥云, 蒋金花, 何红梅, 张昌朋, 王强. 氟吡菌酰胺在铁皮石斛中的残留与膳食风险[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2024, 36(7): 1666-1676.
[6]	石贵远, 黄文源, 段婷婷, 李明, 郭怡卿, 张盈. 四种杀菌剂在白及初加工过程中的残留变化[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2024, 36(7): 1677-1685.
[7]	褚田芬, 雷玲, 李勤锋, 吴平, 洪文杰, 郑蔚然. 浙江省西瓜中农药残留风险评估[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2024, 36(5): 1153-1160.
[8]	刘玉红, 金检生, 陈丽萍, 孙彩霞. 黄桃中4种农药残留动态与风险评估[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2024, 36(2): 432-440.
[9]	梁秀美, 张维一, 陈官菊, 夏海涛, 郭秀珠, 何如意, 蒋佳铭, 林定鹏. 温州市杨梅农药残留与重金属污染特征及膳食摄入风险评估[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2024, 36(10): 2347-2357.
[10]	叶会, 陈瑜婷, 骆玉琴, 范续艳, 雷圆, 陆兰菲, 郝培培, 程有普, 张昌朋. 两种剂型吡唑醚菌酯在草莓中的残留及消解动态[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2023, 35(7): 1720-1728.
[11]	张春荣, 郭钤, 孔丽萍, 吴园园, 林琴, 许振岚, 赵学平, 汤涛. 嘧菌酯在杨梅中的残留行为及膳食暴露风险评估[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2023, 35(4): 942-951.
[12]	孙淑媛, 侯丽娜, 杨桂玲, 杜雨婷, 赵芸. 葡萄中几种常用防治绿盲蝽农药的残留动态与风险评估[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2022, 34(7): 1513-1518.
[13]	张春荣, 郭钤, 孔丽萍, 吴园园, 林琴, 许振岚, 汤涛. 固相萃取/超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定白术中井冈霉素和丙环唑残留量[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2022, 34(12): 2750-2758.
[14]	孙彩霞, 欧阳志周, 刘玉红, 于国光. 西兰花中3种杀菌剂的残留动态与风险评估[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2021, 33(7): 1292-1299.
[15]	王娣, 狄珊珊, 王新全, 张昌朋, 王祥云, 王萌, 章程辉. 豇豆不同生长时期施用毒死蜱的膳食风险[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2021, 33(6): 1104-1109.

组织 Tissue	恩诺沙星Enrofloxacin				环丙沙星Ciprofloxacin
组织 Tissue	标准曲线方程 Calibration curve equation	相关系数 Correlation coefficient	回收率/% Recovery/ %	相对偏差/% Relative deviation/%	标准曲线方程 Calibration curve equation	相关系数 Correlation coefficient	回收率/% Recovery/ %	相对偏差/% Relative deviation/%
肌肉Muscle	y=223 539x+92 834	0.996 2	84.4	0.8	y=493 511x+92 496	0.998 3	82.6	8.3
肝Liver	y=126 668x+99 024	0.999 7	74.8	8.7	y=222 367x+65 713	0.993 4	66.8	6.7
肾Kidney	y=177 291x+96 462	0.999 0	78.1	3.5	y=314 574x+70 553	0.997 4	66.9	3.8
皮脂Sebum	y=177 370x+91 073	0.999 6	75.7	13.9	y=285 097x+223 774	0.999 3	73.2	11.7

组织 Tissue	恩诺沙星Enrofloxacin				环丙沙星Ciprofloxacin
组织 Tissue	标准曲线方程 Calibration curve equation	相关系数 Correlation coefficient	回收率/% Recovery/ %	相对偏差/% Relative deviation/%	标准曲线方程 Calibration curve equation	相关系数 Correlation coefficient	回收率/% Recovery/ %	相对偏差/% Relative deviation/%
肌肉Muscle	y=223 539x+92 834	0.996 2	84.4	0.8	y=493 511x+92 496	0.998 3	82.6	8.3
肝Liver	y=126 668x+99 024	0.999 7	74.8	8.7	y=222 367x+65 713	0.993 4	66.8	6.7
肾Kidney	y=177 291x+96 462	0.999 0	78.1	3.5	y=314 574x+70 553	0.997 4	66.9	3.8
皮脂Sebum	y=177 370x+91 073	0.999 6	75.7	13.9	y=285 097x+223 774	0.999 3	73.2	11.7

停药后时间/d Time after withdrawal/d	恩诺沙星残留总量/(μg·kg^-1)Total enrofloxacin residues/(μg·kg^-1)
停药后时间/d Time after withdrawal/d	肌肉Muscle	肝Liver	肾Kidney	皮脂Sebum
5	371.1±166.1 ab	230.0±85.0 a	1 509.1±729.0 a	5 525.0±786.3 ab
7	337.4±201.0 ab	212.8±116.0 ab	1 649.3±962.4 a	5 341.5±1 582.0 abc
10	383.8±169.3 ab	113.4±40.5 bc	1 578.0±551.4 a	6 404.1±905.6 a
14	508.9±175.6 a	62.8±32.3 c	623.6±317.8 b	4 692.3±1 813.5 abc
21	317.6±118.3 b	69.0±48.2 c	339.7±218.6 b	3 185.3±1 335.1 cd
28	183.0±78.2 b	30.3±13.6 c	213.3±140.0 b	3 350.2±609.5 bcd
42	139.2±50.0 b	11.4±3.2 c	223.8±123.1 b	2 452.7±359.6 d

停药后时间/d Time after withdrawal/d	恩诺沙星残留总量/(μg·kg^-1)Total enrofloxacin residues/(μg·kg^-1)
停药后时间/d Time after withdrawal/d	肌肉Muscle	肝Liver	肾Kidney	皮脂Sebum
5	371.1±166.1 ab	230.0±85.0 a	1 509.1±729.0 a	5 525.0±786.3 ab
7	337.4±201.0 ab	212.8±116.0 ab	1 649.3±962.4 a	5 341.5±1 582.0 abc
10	383.8±169.3 ab	113.4±40.5 bc	1 578.0±551.4 a	6 404.1±905.6 a
14	508.9±175.6 a	62.8±32.3 c	623.6±317.8 b	4 692.3±1 813.5 abc
21	317.6±118.3 b	69.0±48.2 c	339.7±218.6 b	3 185.3±1 335.1 cd
28	183.0±78.2 b	30.3±13.6 c	213.3±140.0 b	3 350.2±609.5 bcd
42	139.2±50.0 b	11.4±3.2 c	223.8±123.1 b	2 452.7±359.6 d