绣球湖蓝炭疽病病原菌的分离、鉴定与防治

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20250429

浙江农业学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (7): 1400-1409.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20250429

绣球湖蓝炭疽病病原菌的分离、鉴定与防治

刘光炎(), 熊海燕, 周梅, 李正敏, 王金燕, 陈晶晶, 张玉, 王超^*()

西南林业大学云南省园林绿化植物资源培育与应用重点实验室, 云南省功能性花卉资源及产业化技术工程研究中心,云南省森林灾害预警与控制重点实验室, 云南昆明 650224

收稿日期:2025-06-11 出版日期:2026-07-25 发布日期:2026-08-20
作者简介:刘光炎,研究方向为风景园林(植物方向)。E-mail:lgy112818@dingtalk.com
通讯作者: *王超,E-mail: 47188127@qq.com
基金资助:
云南省重大科技专项(202202AE090028);云南省教育厅自然科学项目(2025Y0866);云南省大学生创新训练计划项目(20200554052)

Isolation, identification and control of the pathogen of anthracnose in Hydrangea macrophylla Hulan

LIU Guangyan(), XIONG Haiyan, ZHOU Mei, LI Zhengmin, WANG Jinyan, CHEN Jingjing, ZHANG Yu, WANG Chao^*()

Yunnan Key Laboratory of Landscape Plant Resource Cultivation and Application, Yunnan Province Engineering Research Center for Functional Flower Resources and Industrialization, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Forest Disaster Warning and Control, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China

Received:2025-06-11 Published:2026-07-25 Online:2026-08-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为明确引起绣球炭疽病的病原菌并探寻适宜的防治方法,本研究对大叶绣球品种湖蓝的炭疽病样本,采用组织分离法进行病原菌分离,结合柯赫氏法则验证其致病性,并通过形态学特征和基于ITS、Actin、TUB2、CHS-1和GAPDH多基因序列构建的系统发育树分析,对病原菌进行鉴定。采用菌丝生长速率法,研究不同培养基、碳源、氮源、温度、光照和pH值对病原菌菌丝生长的影响;选取5种常用杀菌剂和32个常见绣球品种,测定其对病原菌的室内毒力和抗病性。结果表明,该炭疽病病原菌为喀斯特炭疽菌(Colletotrichum karstii),其在25 ℃、pH值为7、马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂培养基、碳源为木糖、氮源为牛肉膏的条件下生长较好,但对光照条件不敏感,致死温度为56 ℃持续10 min。室内毒力测定结果显示,50%腐霉·福美双的抑菌效果最佳,其有效中浓度(EC₅₀)为0.075 4 mg·L^-1。品种抗性评价显示,蓝色海洋、万紫千红、博大蓝、倩影、雪花、人面桃花、紫鹃和星空为免疫品种。本研究是喀斯特炭疽菌引起的绣球炭疽病在中国的首次报道。

关键词: 大叶绣球, 炭疽病, 喀斯特炭疽菌, 生物学特性, 药剂筛选, 抗病性

Abstract:

To elucidate the causal agent of anthracnose in Hydrangea macrophylla and explore effective control strategies, this study isolated pathogens from anthracnose-infected sepals of the cultivar Hulan using tissue isolation and confirmed their pathogenicity via Koch’s postulates. The pathogen was further identified based on morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis constructed from multi-gene sequences of ITS, Actin, TUB2, CHS-1 and GAPDH. The biological characteristics of the pathogen were investigated using the mycelial growth rate method, assessing the effects of different culture media, carbon and nitrogen sources, temperature, light and pH value on mycelial growth. In addition, five commonly used fungicides and 32 Hydrangea macrophylla cultivars were tested to evaluate in vitro fungicidal efficacy and host resistance. The results indicated that the anthracnose pathogen was Colletotrichum karstii. Optimal mycelial growth occurred at 25 ℃ and pH value of 7 on potato dextrose agar (PDA) supplemented with xylose as the carbon source and beef extract as the nitrogen source, while the pathogen exhibited no sensitivity to light. The lethal temperature was determined to be 56 ℃ for 10 min. Among the tested fungicides, 50% thiram + procymidone demonstrated the highest inhibitory effect, with the median effective concentration (EC₅₀) of 0.075 4 mg·L^-1. Resistance evaluation revealed that the cultivars Lansehaiyang, Wanziqianhong, Bodalan, Qianying, Xuehua, Renmiantaohua, Zijuan and Xingkong were immune. This study was the first report of C. karstii causing anthracnose on Hydrangea macrophylla in China.

Key words: Hydrangea macrophylla, anthracnose, Colletotrichum karstii, biological characteristic, fungicide screening, disease resistance

中图分类号:

刘光炎, 熊海燕, 周梅, 李正敏, 王金燕, 陈晶晶, 张玉, 王超. 绣球湖蓝炭疽病病原菌的分离、鉴定与防治[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2026, 38(7): 1400-1409.

LIU Guangyan, XIONG Haiyan, ZHOU Mei, LI Zhengmin, WANG Jinyan, CHEN Jingjing, ZHANG Yu, WANG Chao. Isolation, identification and control of the pathogen of anthracnose in Hydrangea macrophylla Hulan[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2026, 38(7): 1400-1409.

图/表 8

参考文献 27

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杀菌剂 Fungicide	质量浓度/ (mg·L^-1) Mass concentra- tion/(mg·L^-1)	H3F20平均菌落直径/mm Average colony diameter/mm	抑菌率/% Inhibition rate/%
72%烯酰·	720	24.08	58.92
锰锌WP 72%	900	23.35	60.17
Dimethomorph+	1 200	21.73	62.93
mancozeb WP	1 800	20.22	65.51
	3 600	10.06	82.84
50%腐霉·	500	19.31	67.06
福美双WG 50%	625	19.16	67.32
Thiram+	833	18.25	68.87
procymidone WG	1 250	17.17	70.71
	2 500	12.70	78.33
70%烯酰·	700	34.75	40.73
霜脲氰WP 70%	875	29.34	49.95
Dimethomorph+	1 166	21.66	63.05
cymoxanil WP	1 750	19.975	65.93
	3 500	10.70	81.74
50%多菌灵	500	54.63	6.82
WP 50%	625	54.195	7.56
Carbendazim WP	833	46.15	21.28
	1 250	24.46	58.28
	2 500	36.365	37.97
80%烯酰吗啉	800	51.06	12.91
WG 80%	1 000	47.65	18.72
Dimethomorph	1 333	45.275	22.77
WG	2 000	42.06	28.26
	4 000	39.49	32.64

杀菌剂 Fungicide	质量浓度/ (mg·L^-1) Mass concentra- tion/(mg·L^-1)	H3F20平均菌落直径/mm Average colony diameter/mm	抑菌率/% Inhibition rate/%
72%烯酰·	720	24.08	58.92
锰锌WP 72%	900	23.35	60.17
Dimethomorph+	1 200	21.73	62.93
mancozeb WP	1 800	20.22	65.51
	3 600	10.06	82.84
50%腐霉·	500	19.31	67.06
福美双WG 50%	625	19.16	67.32
Thiram+	833	18.25	68.87
procymidone WG	1 250	17.17	70.71
	2 500	12.70	78.33
70%烯酰·	700	34.75	40.73
霜脲氰WP 70%	875	29.34	49.95
Dimethomorph+	1 166	21.66	63.05
cymoxanil WP	1 750	19.975	65.93
	3 500	10.70	81.74
50%多菌灵	500	54.63	6.82
WP 50%	625	54.195	7.56
Carbendazim WP	833	46.15	21.28
	1 250	24.46	58.28
	2 500	36.365	37.97
80%烯酰吗啉	800	51.06	12.91
WG 80%	1 000	47.65	18.72
Dimethomorph	1 333	45.275	22.77
WG	2 000	42.06	28.26
	4 000	39.49	32.64

杀菌剂 Fungicide	毒力回归方程 Toxicity regression equation	r	EC₅₀/(mg·L^-1)	p
72%烯酰·锰锌WP 72% Dimethomorph + mancozeb WP	y=1.010 5x+5.290 1	0.942 1	0.516 3	0.016 6
50%腐霉·福美双WG 50% Thiram + procymidone WG	y=0.190 8x+5.551 1	0.961 0	0.075 4	0.009 2
70%烯酰·霜脲氰WP 70% Dimethomorph + cymoxanil WP	y=1.540 1x+5.086 0	0.979 0	0.879 4	0.003 6
50%多菌灵WP 50% Carbendazim WP	y=2.080 9x+4.274 2	0.786 5	2.232 4	0.114 5
80%烯酰吗啉WG 80% Dimethomorph WG	y=0.912 5x+4.072 2	0.944 8	10.393 0	0.015 4

杀菌剂 Fungicide	毒力回归方程 Toxicity regression equation	r	EC₅₀/(mg·L^-1)	p
72%烯酰·锰锌WP 72% Dimethomorph + mancozeb WP	y=1.010 5x+5.290 1	0.942 1	0.516 3	0.016 6
50%腐霉·福美双WG 50% Thiram + procymidone WG	y=0.190 8x+5.551 1	0.961 0	0.075 4	0.009 2
70%烯酰·霜脲氰WP 70% Dimethomorph + cymoxanil WP	y=1.540 1x+5.086 0	0.979 0	0.879 4	0.003 6
50%多菌灵WP 50% Carbendazim WP	y=2.080 9x+4.274 2	0.786 5	2.232 4	0.114 5
80%烯酰吗啉WG 80% Dimethomorph WG	y=0.912 5x+4.072 2	0.944 8	10.393 0	0.015 4

品种 Variety	病斑直径/mm Diameter of lesion/mm	抗病性级别 Resistance level	品种 Variety	病斑直径/mm Diameter of lesion/mm	抗病性级别 Resistance level
紫鸢Ziyuan	2.27	MS	瑞雪Ruixue	1.41	HR
碧玉Biyu	1.32	HR	蔚蓝天空Weilantiankong	1.64	R
珠圆玉润Zhuyuanyurun	1.53	R	如嫣Ruyan	2.91	S
团圆Tuanyuan	3.17	HS	万紫千红Wanziqianhong	0	I
盛世之花Shengshizhihua	2.49	MS	博大蓝Bodalan	0	I
蓝色海洋Lansehaiyang	0	I	蓝宝石Lanbaoshi	1.83	R
五彩缤纷Wucaibinfen	1.88	R	蓝天Lantian	0.86	HR
梦境Mengjing	2.76	S	翘瓣蓝Qiaobanlan	3.26	HS
金匮Jinkui	1.51	R	蓝水晶Lanshuijing	1.56	R
繁星Fanxing	1.32	HR	雪韵Xueyun	2.36	MS
碧空Bikong	2.22	MS	琥珀Hupo	2.98	S
紫水晶Zishuijing	2.07	MS	倩影Qianying	0	I
花团锦簇Huatuanjincu	2.51	S	雪花Xuehua	0	I
粉黛Fendai	0.83	HR	人面桃花Renmiantaohua	0	I
白雪Baixue	1.86	R	紫鹃Zijuan	0	I
璞玉Puyu	1.62	R	星空Xingkong	0	I

绣球湖蓝炭疽病病原菌的分离、鉴定与防治

Isolation, identification and control of the pathogen of anthracnose in Hydrangea macrophylla Hulan

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