嫁接方法对甜瓜嫁接工效及嫁接苗生长和果实品质的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2020.10.09

浙江农业学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (10): 1809-1815.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2020.10.09

嫁接方法对甜瓜嫁接工效及嫁接苗生长和果实品质的影响

汪炳良¹, 海睿¹, 金炳胜², 江建红², 施星仁³, 林玉泉³, 叶红霞^1,*

1.浙江大学蔬菜研究所,浙江杭州 310058;
2.杭州康成农业科技有限公司,浙江杭州 311108;
3.湖州吴兴金农生态农业发展有限公司,浙江湖州 313028

收稿日期:2019-05-05 出版日期:2020-10-25 发布日期:2020-11-16
通讯作者: *叶红霞,E-mail: yehx@zju.edu.cn
作者简介:汪炳良(1962—),男,浙江海宁人,研究方向为蔬菜种质资源与品种改良。E-mail: blwang@zju.edu.cn
基金资助:
浙江省“三农六方”科技协作计划(CTZB-F160728AWZ-SNY1-7,CTZB-F170623LWZ-SNY1-14); 农业农村部农业重大技术协同推广计划(2019XTTGSC02-5); 浙江省农业新品种选育重大科技专项(2016C02051-4-3); 杭州市科技发展计划(HZJH2019015); 余杭区科技计划(YHKJ2019-07)

Effect of grafting methods on grafting working efficiency, seedling growth and fruit quality of melon (Cucumis melo L.)

WANG Bingliang¹, HAI Rui¹, JIN Bingsheng², JIANG Jianhong², SHI Xingren³, LIN Yuquan³, YE Hongxia^1,*

1. Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;
2. Hangzhou Kangcheng Agricultural Technology Company, Hangzhou 311108, China;
3. Huzhou Wuxing Jinnong Ecological Agriculture Development Co., Ltd., Huzhou 313028, China

Received:2019-05-05 Online:2020-10-25 Published:2020-11-16

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 甜瓜枯萎病是目前甜瓜生产上危害最严重病害之一,利用抗病砧木进行嫁接栽培是克服甜瓜枯萎病的最有效措施。为了在甜瓜生产上有效应用嫁接技术,以思壮10号为砧木、厚皮甜瓜东方蜜1号为接穗,采用插接、贴接及双断根嫁接三种方法进行嫁接,研究不同嫁接方法对嫁接工效、嫁接苗素质以及嫁接苗定植后植株生长和果实品质的影响。试验结果显示,插接和贴接的嫁接速率相近,均显著高于双断根嫁接(182.7 株·h^-1),但贴接的成活率(93.29%)显著低于插接和双断根嫁接,插接和贴接的嫁接工效(分别为254.5 株·h^-1和256.5 株·h^-1)显著高于双断根嫁接(177.7 株·h^-1)。比较不同嫁接方法嫁接苗的高度、接穗茎粗、最大叶长和宽,发现双断根嫁接苗综合素质优于插接苗和贴接苗,贴接苗除了苗高度显著低于插接苗外,其他秧苗素质与插接苗无显著差异。三种嫁接方法嫁接的秧苗及自根苗定植后的生长比较接近,坐果节位、节间长度、最大叶大小无显著差异;果实大小、果形指数、果肉厚度、中心可溶性固形物含量在三种嫁接方法之间无显著差异,但嫁接苗(插接法除外)平均单果质量显著大于自根苗,嫁接苗的果形指数有下降趋势,嫁接苗果实中心可溶性固形物含量显著高于自根苗。

关键词: 甜瓜, 嫁接方法, 嫁接苗, 果实品质

Abstract: Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis) is one of the most serious soil-borne diseases in melon production, which has caused great losses. Nowadays, the grafting cultivation by using resistant rootstocks has become the most effective way for solving this problem. In order to apply this grafting technology efficiently, three grafting methods, i.e. hole insertion grafting (HI), pith-cambium grafting (PC) and root pruning hole insertion grafting (RP), were used to study the effect of grafting methods on grafting working efficiency, seedling growth and fruit quality by using rootstock variety Sizhuang No. 10 and melon variety Dongfangmi No.1. It was found that the grafting speed of HI and PC were quite similar, but higher than that of RP significantly, the survival rate of seedling in PC was lower than that of HI and RP significantly. According to the seedling height, scion diameter and the biggest leaf size, the seedling quality of RP was better than that of HI or PC. There was no significant difference between PC and HI in seedling quality, except the seedling height, which was lower in PC than that of HI significantly. No obvious difference was found in plant characters among the three grafting methods, including fruit setting position, internode length, leaf character of the biggest leaf. Furthermore, there was no significant difference in fruit weight, fruit shape index, pulp thickness and total soluble solid content of the fruit center among the three grafting methods. Moreover, the fruit weight of PC and RP were higher than that of own-rooted seedling significantly, the fruit shape index of grafting seedling was somewhat lower than that of own-rooted seedling, and total soluble solid content in grafting seedling was significantly higher than that of the own-rooted seedling.

Key words: Cucumis melo L., grafting method, grafting seedling, fruit quality

中图分类号:

S652

汪炳良, 海睿, 金炳胜, 江建红, 施星仁, 林玉泉, 叶红霞. 嫁接方法对甜瓜嫁接工效及嫁接苗生长和果实品质的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2020, 32(10): 1809-1815.

WANG Bingliang, HAI Rui, JIN Bingsheng, JIANG Jianhong, SHI Xingren, LIN Yuquan, YE Hongxia. Effect of grafting methods on grafting working efficiency, seedling growth and fruit quality of melon (Cucumis melo L.)[J]. , 2020, 32(10): 1809-1815.

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嫁接方法对甜瓜嫁接工效及嫁接苗生长和果实品质的影响

Effect of grafting methods on grafting working efficiency, seedling growth and fruit quality of melon (Cucumis melo L.)

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