叶面阻控剂对黔中喀斯特地区水稻Cd富集特征的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2021.09.15

浙江农业学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (9): 1710-1719.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2021.09.15

叶面阻控剂对黔中喀斯特地区水稻Cd富集特征的影响

王灿¹(), 付天岭², 龚思同², 娄飞¹, 周凯³, 代良羽⁴, 刘静⁴, 林大松⁵, 何腾兵¹^,²^,^*()

1.贵州大学农学院,贵州贵阳 550025
2.贵州大学新农村发展研究院,贵州贵阳 550025
3.开阳县农业农村局,贵州开阳 550399
4.贵州省农业生态与资源保护站,贵州贵阳 550001
5.农业农村部环境保护科研监测所,天津 300191

收稿日期:2021-01-09 出版日期:2021-09-25 发布日期:2021-10-09
通讯作者: 何腾兵
作者简介:* 何腾兵,E-mail: hetengbing@163.com
王灿(1995—),男,贵州习水人,硕士研究生,研究方向为土壤学。E-mail: 18275567341@163.com
基金资助:
贵州省科技厅基础条件平台建设项目(黔科合平台人才〔2019〕5701号);贵州省科技支撑计划(黔科合支撑〔2019〕2846号)

Effects of foliar control agents on cadmium enrichment characteristics of rice in karst area in central Guizhou

WANG Can¹(), FU Tianling², GONG Sitong², LOU Fei¹, ZHOU Kai³, DAI Liangyu⁴, LIU Jing⁴, LIN Dasong⁵, HE Tengbing¹^,²^,^*()

1. College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
2. Institute of New Rural Development, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
3. Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Kaiyang County, Kaiyang 550399, China
4. Guizhou Provincial Agricultural Ecology and Resources Protection Station, Guiyang 550001, China
5. Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China

Received:2021-01-09 Online:2021-09-25 Published:2021-10-09
Contact: HE Tengbing

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为优选适用于贵州喀斯特地区Cd污染农田水稻生产的叶面阻控剂,在贵州中部典型Cd超标稻田开展田间试验,于水稻分蘖期、抽穗期喷施不同叶面阻控剂作为处理(编号分别为SI、SE、GWY、FE、ZN),以不施叶面阻控剂的处理为对照(CK),在成熟期采集水稻植株样品,探讨不同叶面阻控剂对水稻各部位Cd迁移转化的影响。结果表明:与CK相比,喷施叶面阻控剂对土壤pH、有机质、Cd含量无显著影响。SE、GWY、ZN、SI处理下,水稻产量分别较CK显著(P<0.05)增加13.56%、5.77%、5.74%、7.30%。与CK相比,ZN处理下糙米镉含量降幅最大(56.5%),其次是SE、GWY处理,降幅分别为52.3%和39.4%。与CK相比:SE处理下,水稻茎节的Cd富集系数下降44.8%;ZN处理下,水稻穗轴、糙米中的Cd富集系数分别下降55.0%、58.0%;SI处理下,水稻叶的Cd富集系数提高133.7%。SE、SI处理下,枝梗-稻壳的Cd转移因子分别较CK降低65.8%、40.8%。综上,SE、GWY、ZN能提高水稻产量,降低糙米中的Cd含量,调节Cd在水稻植株各部位的富集与转运,可以用作保障黔中地区Cd污染耕地安全利用的水稻叶面阻控剂。

关键词: 水稻, 叶面阻控剂, 镉富集, 镉转运

Abstract:

To screen suitable foliar control agents for rice production on Cd contaminated soil in karst area of Guizhou, field experiments were carried out in typical paddy fields with excessive Cd in central Guizhou. Five foliar control agents were sprayed at tillering and heading stages as treatments, denoted as SI, SE, GWY, FE, ZN, respectively, with no foliar control agent applied as control (CK). Rice plant samples were collected at mature stage to explore the effects of foliar control agents on Cd migration and translocation in various parts of rice. It was shown that application of foliar control agents had no significant effect on soil pH, organic matter and Cd content. Under the treatment of SE, GWY, ZN and SI, the rice yield was significantly (P<0.05) increased than that of CK by 13.56%, 5.77%, 5.74% and 7.30%, respectively. Compared with CK, the highest reduction rate of Cd in brown rice was found under Zn treatment (56.5%), which was followed by the treatment of SE (52.3%) and GWY (39.4%). Compared with CK, the enrichment coefficient of Cd in stem nodes was decreased by 44.8% under SE treatment; the enrichment coefficient of Cd in panicle axis and brown rice was decreased by 55.0% and 58.0%, respectively, under ZN treatment; the enrichment coefficient of Cd in leaf was increased by 133.7% under SI treatment. The Cd transport coefficient from branch to rice husk was decreased by 65.8% and 40.8% under the treatment of SE and SI as compared with CK. In conclusion, the treatment of SE, GWY and ZN could increase rice yield, decrease Cd content in brown rice, and regulate the enrichment and transport of Cd in various parts of rice plant. Thus, these foliar control agents could be used to safeguard the utilization of Cd-contaminated cultivated land in central Guizhou.

Key words: rice, foliar control agent, cadmium enrichment, cadmium translocation

中图分类号:

S482.8
S511

王灿, 付天岭, 龚思同, 娄飞, 周凯, 代良羽, 刘静, 林大松, 何腾兵. 叶面阻控剂对黔中喀斯特地区水稻Cd富集特征的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2021, 33(9): 1710-1719.

WANG Can, FU Tianling, GONG Sitong, LOU Fei, ZHOU Kai, DAI Liangyu, LIU Jing, LIN Dasong, HE Tengbing. Effects of foliar control agents on cadmium enrichment characteristics of rice in karst area in central Guizhou[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2021, 33(9): 1710-1719.

图/表 7

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处理 Treatment	pH	有机质 Organic matter/(g·kg^-1)	Cd/(mg·kg^-1)	Zn(mg·kg^-1)	Fe/(g·kg^-1)	Si/(g·kg^-1)
CK	6.52±0.45	49.93±0.23 ab	0.76±0.02	140.30±2.08 b	15.31±0.17 c	25.88±0.82
SE	6.37±0.20	48.15±0.59 ab	0.75±0.05	139.47±1.15 b	15.76±0.14 bc	24.98±0.37
GWY	6.35±0.18	48.20±1.79 ab	0.76±0.01	157.78±3.38 a	16.68±0.39 b	23.92±0.69
SI	6.38±0.26	52.20±6.34 a	0.73±0.05	149.03±3.75 ab	15.62±0.08 bc	25.32±0.20
ZN	6.28±0.09	49.50±0.35 ab	0.78±0.04	146.36±3.08 b	15.54±0.40 bc	23.27±0.55
FE	6.32±0.08	45.70±3.16 b	0.81±0.04	159.28±1.85 a	18.11±0.38 a	25.35±0.26

处理 Treatment	pH	有机质 Organic matter/(g·kg^-1)	Cd/(mg·kg^-1)	Zn(mg·kg^-1)	Fe/(g·kg^-1)	Si/(g·kg^-1)
CK	6.52±0.45	49.93±0.23 ab	0.76±0.02	140.30±2.08 b	15.31±0.17 c	25.88±0.82
SE	6.37±0.20	48.15±0.59 ab	0.75±0.05	139.47±1.15 b	15.76±0.14 bc	24.98±0.37
GWY	6.35±0.18	48.20±1.79 ab	0.76±0.01	157.78±3.38 a	16.68±0.39 b	23.92±0.69
SI	6.38±0.26	52.20±6.34 a	0.73±0.05	149.03±3.75 ab	15.62±0.08 bc	25.32±0.20
ZN	6.28±0.09	49.50±0.35 ab	0.78±0.04	146.36±3.08 b	15.54±0.40 bc	23.27±0.55
FE	6.32±0.08	45.70±3.16 b	0.81±0.04	159.28±1.85 a	18.11±0.38 a	25.35±0.26

处理 Treatment	根 Root	茎 Stem	茎节 Stem node	叶 Leaf	穗轴 Cob	枝梗 Branch	稻壳 Rice husk	糙米 Brown rice
CK	3.340 ±0.284	3.144 ±0.497	14.686 ±3.117 ab	0.715 ±0.109 b	2.959 ±0.267 ab	1.137 ±0.160	0.351 ±0.038	0.671 ±0.030 ab
SE	2.987 ±0.394	2.675 ±0.797	8.111 ±2.006 b	0.799 ±0.242 ab	3.564 ±1.345 ab	0.645 ±0.340	0.158 ±0.075	0.339 ±0.165 ab
GWY	3.815 ±0.228	2.968 ±0.378	12.590 ±0.852 ab	0.830 ±0.198 ab	2.386 ±1.147 ab	1.027 ±0.306	0.205 ±0.043	0.408 ±0.107 ab
SI	4.903 ±0.586	4.390 ±0.455	18.929 ±3.440 a	1.671 ±0.219 a	5.103 ±0.468 a	1.261 ±0.439	0.365 ±0.065	0.735 ±0.099 a
ZN	4.466 ±0.140	2.887 ±0.315	11.584 ±2.562 ab	0.556 ±0.126 b	1.332 ±0.309 b	0.706 ±0.431	0.120 ±0.013	0.282 ±0.039 b
FE	4.507 ±0.861	4.477 ±1.401	13.299 ±2.211 ab	1.394 ±0.486 ab	4.387 ±0.990 ab	1.331 ±0.487	0.333 ±0.128	0.598 ±0.199 ab

处理 Treatment	根 Root	茎 Stem	茎节 Stem node	叶 Leaf	穗轴 Cob	枝梗 Branch	稻壳 Rice husk	糙米 Brown rice
CK	3.340 ±0.284	3.144 ±0.497	14.686 ±3.117 ab	0.715 ±0.109 b	2.959 ±0.267 ab	1.137 ±0.160	0.351 ±0.038	0.671 ±0.030 ab
SE	2.987 ±0.394	2.675 ±0.797	8.111 ±2.006 b	0.799 ±0.242 ab	3.564 ±1.345 ab	0.645 ±0.340	0.158 ±0.075	0.339 ±0.165 ab
GWY	3.815 ±0.228	2.968 ±0.378	12.590 ±0.852 ab	0.830 ±0.198 ab	2.386 ±1.147 ab	1.027 ±0.306	0.205 ±0.043	0.408 ±0.107 ab
SI	4.903 ±0.586	4.390 ±0.455	18.929 ±3.440 a	1.671 ±0.219 a	5.103 ±0.468 a	1.261 ±0.439	0.365 ±0.065	0.735 ±0.099 a
ZN	4.466 ±0.140	2.887 ±0.315	11.584 ±2.562 ab	0.556 ±0.126 b	1.332 ±0.309 b	0.706 ±0.431	0.120 ±0.013	0.282 ±0.039 b
FE	4.507 ±0.861	4.477 ±1.401	13.299 ±2.211 ab	1.394 ±0.486 ab	4.387 ±0.990 ab	1.331 ±0.487	0.333 ±0.128	0.598 ±0.199 ab

处理 Treatment	根—茎 Root-stem	茎—茎节 Stem-stem node	茎节—叶 Stem node-leaf	叶—穗轴 Leaf-cob	穗轴—枝梗 Cob-branch	枝梗—稻壳 Brunch-rice husk	稻壳—糙米 Rice husk-brown rice
CK	0.930±0.060	4.792±0.795	0.050±0.002 b	1.595±0.017 a	0.384±0.031 ab	0.120±0.009 a	1.939±0.121
SE	0.863±0.117	3.157±0.435	0.105±0.024 a	0.754±0.172 b	0.162±0.021 b	0.041±0.005 b	2.187±0.168
GWY	0.772±0.046	4.313±0.236	0.064±0.010 ab	1.187±0.131 ab	0.517±0.113 a	0.117±0.028 a	1.988±0.262
SI	0.899±0.017	4.233±0.298	0.090±0.005 ab	0.748±0.167 b	0.236±0.049 ab	0.071±0.006 ab	2.039±0.076
ZN	0.643±0.044	4.065±0.669	0.050±0.010 b	1.119±0.378 ab	0.451±0.148 ab	0.095±0.009 ab	2.378±0.309
FE	0.947±0.101	3.284±0.429	0.099±0.015 ab	0.943±0.015 ab	0.301±0.054 ab	0.075±0.014 ab	1.865±0.079

叶面阻控剂对黔中喀斯特地区水稻Cd富集特征的影响

Effects of foliar control agents on cadmium enrichment characteristics of rice in karst area in central Guizhou

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处理 Treatment	Zn/(mg·kg^-1)	Fe/(mg·kg^-1)	Si/(g·kg^-1)
CK	22.300±0.478 ab	11.687±0.210 a	2.685±0.087 b
SE	23.273±0.702 ab	9.220±0.244 cd	3.036±0.059 ab
GWY	23.670±0.881 ab	9.973±0.250 bc	3.129±0.175 a
SI	19.587±0.745 b	8.703±0.175 d	2.699±0.101 b
ZN	23.337±1.811 ab	8.827±0.154 d	2.987±0.040 ab
FE	25.893±0.904 a	10.600±0.352 b	2.854±0.063 ab

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