Characteristics of heavy metals distribution and health risk evaluation of marine products in the sea areas of Wenzhou, China

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20240939

Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (11): 2354-2363.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20240939

• Quality and Safety of Agricultural Products • Previous Articles Next Articles

Characteristics of heavy metals distribution and health risk evaluation of marine products in the sea areas of Wenzhou, China

CHEN Xingxing¹^,²^,³(), YU Wenxuan⁴, XUE Feng¹^,²^,³, WU Yue¹^,²^,³^,^*()

1. Zhejiang Mariculture Research Institute, Wenzhou 325005, Zhejiang, China
2. Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Coastal Biological Germplasm Resources Conservation and Utilization, Wenzhou 325005, Zhejiang, China
3. Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Genetics and Breeding, Wenzhou 325005, Zhejiang, China
4. College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China

Received:2024-11-04 Online:2025-11-25 Published:2025-12-08

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to characterize the distribution of seven heavy metal elements, namely chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg) and lead (Pb), in marine products in the sea area of Wenzhou, China, high performance liquid chromatography with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry techniques were utilized to determine the heavy metals contents in 11 marine biological samples. The single factor pollution index, comprehensive pollution index and food safety assessment method were used to comprehensively evaluate the heavy metals pollution level and their health risk of these samples. It was shown that the average contents of Hg, inorganic As, Cd, Pb, Cr, Cu, Zn were 0.015, 0.035, 0.17, 0.14, 0.23, 4.38, 12.13 mg·kg^-1, respectively. According to the National Food Safety Standard Contamination Limit in Food (GB 2762—2022), the average contents of Cr, Cd, Hg, As, Pb in these samples were below the limit. Based on the the single factor pollution index, the heavy metals pollution level of Portunus trituberculatus was relatively higher, with mild pollution of Cd, Cd, Pb and moderate pollution of Zn. Besides, the comprehensive pollution index value of P. trituberculatus was also high, which reached 0.46. In terms of food safety assessment, all the samples showed low risk. The target hazard quotient (THQ) and hazard index (HI) values of all the samples were smaller than 1. Therefore, the collected samples all showed low ecological and health risk, indicating high safety for consumption. In general, this survey exhibited low heavy metals pollution risk in the marine products in the sea area of Wenzhou. However, the HI value of P. trituberculatus and Mytilus coruscus reached 0.680 and 0.526, respectively, which called for more attention on the risk monitoring and assessment.

Key words: aquatic product, heavy metal, distribution characteristic, risk assessment

CLC Number:

S931.3

CHEN Xingxing, YU Wenxuan, XUE Feng, WU Yue. Characteristics of heavy metals distribution and health risk evaluation of marine products in the sea areas of Wenzhou, China[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2025, 37(11): 2354-2363.

Figures/Tables 6

References 31

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元素 Element	限量值Limit value/(mg·kg^-1)			PTWI/(mg·kg^-1)	RfD/(mg·kg^-1·d^-1)
元素 Element	软体动物Molluscs	鱼类Fishes	甲壳类Crustaceans	PTWI/(mg·kg^-1)	RfD/(mg·kg^-1·d^-1)
Cr	2.0	2.0	2.0	0.006 7	1.5
Cu	50.0	50.0	50.0	3.5	0.04
Zn	40.0	40.0	40.0	7.0	0.3
As	0.5	0.1	0.5	0.015	0.000 3
Cd	2.0	0.1	0.5/3.0	0.007	0.001
Hg	0.5	1.0	0.5	0.000 7	0.000 5
Pb	1.0/1.5	0.5	0.5	0.025	0.003 5

元素 Element	限量值Limit value/(mg·kg^-1)			PTWI/(mg·kg^-1)	RfD/(mg·kg^-1·d^-1)
元素 Element	软体动物Molluscs	鱼类Fishes	甲壳类Crustaceans	PTWI/(mg·kg^-1)	RfD/(mg·kg^-1·d^-1)
Cr	2.0	2.0	2.0	0.006 7	1.5
Cu	50.0	50.0	50.0	3.5	0.04
Zn	40.0	40.0	40.0	7.0	0.3
As	0.5	0.1	0.5	0.015	0.000 3
Cd	2.0	0.1	0.5/3.0	0.007	0.001
Hg	0.5	1.0	0.5	0.000 7	0.000 5
Pb	1.0/1.5	0.5	0.5	0.025	0.003 5

类别 Category	物种 Species	Cr含量 Cr content	Cu含量 Cu content	Zn含量 Zn content	As含量 As content	Cd含量 Cd content	Hg含量 Hg content	Pb含量 Pb content
软体动物 Molluscs	曼氏无针乌贼 Sepiella maindroni	0.12~0.12 (0.12)	2.42~2.45 (2.44)	15.46~15.55 (15.49)	7.70~7.74 (7.72)	0.049~0.050 (0.050)	0.015~0.018 (0.016)	0.16~0.17 (0.16)
	de Rochebrune
	长蛸 Octopus minor	0.10~0.12 (0.11)	9.08~9.95 (9.51)	17.38~18.97 (18.14)	7.83~8.56 (8.18)	0.046~0.050 (0.048)	0.006 2~0.007 2 (0.006 6)	0.17~0.19 (0.18)
	厚壳贻贝 Mytilus coruscus	0.21~0.23 (0.22)	0.59~0.64 (0.62)	6.56~7.01 (6.83)	0.68~0.73 (0.71)	0.77~0.81 (0.79)	0.004 3~0.004 4 (0.004 4)	0.18~0.19 (0.19)
	管角螺 Hemifusus tuba	0.070~0.076 (0.072)	7.93~8.55 (8.15)	20.68~22.31 (21.29)	21.51~23.15 (22.19)	0.076~0.082 (0.078)	0.016~0.018 (0.017)	0.067~0.074 (0.070)
鱼类 Fishes	棘头梅童鱼 Collichthys lucidus	0.076~2.900 (1.460)	0.21~0.26 (0.24)	4.13~4.86 (4.39)	1.00~1.92 (1.42)	0.004 8~0.023 0 (0.014 0)	0.011~0.021 (0.016)	0.058~0.140 (0.100)
	拉氏狼牙虾虎鱼 Odontamblyopus	0.072~0.094 (0.083)	0.35~0.69 (0.51)	3.35~6.80 (5.02)	0.71~1.12 (0.91)	0.008 0~0.029 0 (0.018 0)	0.007 4~0.013 0 (0.010 0)	0.11~0.21 (0.16)
	lacepedii
	凤鲚 Coilia mystus	0.081~0.140 (0.110)	0.20~0.39 (0.29)	4.57~6.65 (5.51)	1.17~1.64 (1.42)	0.006 1~0.012 0 (0.009 2)	0.015~0.016 (0.016)	0.049~0.090 (0.068)
	龙头鱼 Harpadon nehereus	0.082~0.083 (0.082)	0.14~0.15 (0.15)	2.82~2.91 (2.88)	0.47~0.49 (0.48)	0.013~0.014 (0.014)	0.004 1~0.004 7 (0.004 4)	0.21~0.22 (0.22)
	鳓 Ilisha elongata	0.077~0.078 (0.078)	0.22~0.22 (0.22)	5.19~5.23 (5.21)	0.71~0.72 (0.71)	0.009 4~0.010 0 (0.010 0)	0.026~0.027 (0.027)	0.085~0.087 (0.086)
甲壳类 Crustaceans	三疣梭子蟹 Portunus	0.093~0.110 (0.098)	15.95~17.67 (16.53)	30.44~33.59 (31.55)	8.08~8.96 (8.38)	0.69~0.76 (0.71)	0.041~0.045 (0.043)	0.15~0.18 (0.16)
	trituberculatus
	脊尾白虾 Exopalaemon	0.091~0.11 (0.10)	8.82~10.19 (9.48)	16.06~18.37 (17.13)	5.93~6.78 (6.33)	0.084~0.096 (0.090)	0.007 9~0.009 2 (0.008 5)	0.16~0.19 (0.18)
	carinicauda

类别 Category	物种 Species	Cr含量 Cr content	Cu含量 Cu content	Zn含量 Zn content	As含量 As content	Cd含量 Cd content	Hg含量 Hg content	Pb含量 Pb content
软体动物 Molluscs	曼氏无针乌贼 Sepiella maindroni	0.12~0.12 (0.12)	2.42~2.45 (2.44)	15.46~15.55 (15.49)	7.70~7.74 (7.72)	0.049~0.050 (0.050)	0.015~0.018 (0.016)	0.16~0.17 (0.16)
	de Rochebrune
	长蛸 Octopus minor	0.10~0.12 (0.11)	9.08~9.95 (9.51)	17.38~18.97 (18.14)	7.83~8.56 (8.18)	0.046~0.050 (0.048)	0.006 2~0.007 2 (0.006 6)	0.17~0.19 (0.18)
	厚壳贻贝 Mytilus coruscus	0.21~0.23 (0.22)	0.59~0.64 (0.62)	6.56~7.01 (6.83)	0.68~0.73 (0.71)	0.77~0.81 (0.79)	0.004 3~0.004 4 (0.004 4)	0.18~0.19 (0.19)
	管角螺 Hemifusus tuba	0.070~0.076 (0.072)	7.93~8.55 (8.15)	20.68~22.31 (21.29)	21.51~23.15 (22.19)	0.076~0.082 (0.078)	0.016~0.018 (0.017)	0.067~0.074 (0.070)
鱼类 Fishes	棘头梅童鱼 Collichthys lucidus	0.076~2.900 (1.460)	0.21~0.26 (0.24)	4.13~4.86 (4.39)	1.00~1.92 (1.42)	0.004 8~0.023 0 (0.014 0)	0.011~0.021 (0.016)	0.058~0.140 (0.100)
	拉氏狼牙虾虎鱼 Odontamblyopus	0.072~0.094 (0.083)	0.35~0.69 (0.51)	3.35~6.80 (5.02)	0.71~1.12 (0.91)	0.008 0~0.029 0 (0.018 0)	0.007 4~0.013 0 (0.010 0)	0.11~0.21 (0.16)
	lacepedii
	凤鲚 Coilia mystus	0.081~0.140 (0.110)	0.20~0.39 (0.29)	4.57~6.65 (5.51)	1.17~1.64 (1.42)	0.006 1~0.012 0 (0.009 2)	0.015~0.016 (0.016)	0.049~0.090 (0.068)
	龙头鱼 Harpadon nehereus	0.082~0.083 (0.082)	0.14~0.15 (0.15)	2.82~2.91 (2.88)	0.47~0.49 (0.48)	0.013~0.014 (0.014)	0.004 1~0.004 7 (0.004 4)	0.21~0.22 (0.22)
	鳓 Ilisha elongata	0.077~0.078 (0.078)	0.22~0.22 (0.22)	5.19~5.23 (5.21)	0.71~0.72 (0.71)	0.009 4~0.010 0 (0.010 0)	0.026~0.027 (0.027)	0.085~0.087 (0.086)
甲壳类 Crustaceans	三疣梭子蟹 Portunus	0.093~0.110 (0.098)	15.95~17.67 (16.53)	30.44~33.59 (31.55)	8.08~8.96 (8.38)	0.69~0.76 (0.71)	0.041~0.045 (0.043)	0.15~0.18 (0.16)
	trituberculatus
	脊尾白虾 Exopalaemon	0.091~0.11 (0.10)	8.82~10.19 (9.48)	16.06~18.37 (17.13)	5.93~6.78 (6.33)	0.084~0.096 (0.090)	0.007 9~0.009 2 (0.008 5)	0.16~0.19 (0.18)
	carinicauda

物种 Species	各形态砷的平均含量Mean contents of As in various species
物种 Species	AsC	AsB	AsⅢ	AsⅤ	DMA	MMA
曼氏无针乌贼 Sepiella maindroni de Rochebrune	ND	10.74 (100%)	ND	ND	ND	ND
长蛸 Octopus minor	ND	8.41 (100%)	ND	ND	ND	ND
厚壳贻贝 Mytilus coruscus	0.006 9 (1.40%)	0.41 (83.01%)	ND	0.061 (12.35%)	0.016 (3.24%)	ND
管角螺 Hemifusus tuba	ND	19.02 (100%)	ND	ND	ND	ND
棘头梅童鱼 Collichthys lucidus	0.012 (0.88%)	1.29 (94.57%)	0.017 (1.25%)	0.045 (3.30%)	ND	ND
拉氏狼牙虾虎鱼 Odontamblyopus lacepedii	0.017 (1.77%)	0.89 (92.62%)	0.007 9 (0.82%)	0.046 (4.79%)	ND	ND
凤鲚 Coilia mystus	0.012 (0.79%)	1.43 (94.48%)	ND	0.065 (4.29%)	0.006 6 (0.44%)	ND
龙头鱼 Harpadon nehereus	0.027 (6.40%)	0.37 (87.64%)	ND	0.012 (2.84%)	0.007 1 (1.68%)	0.006 1 (1.44%)
鳓 Ilisha elongata	0.021 (2.94%)	0.64 (89.57%)	ND	0.040 (5.60%)	0.007 2 (1.01%)	0.006 3 (0.88%)
三疣梭子蟹 Portunus trituberculatus	ND	8.15 (99.79%)	ND	0.017 (0.21%)	ND	ND
脊尾白虾 Exopalaemon carinicauda	0.26 (3.46%)	7.26 (96.54%)	ND	ND	ND	ND

Characteristics of heavy metals distribution and health risk evaluation of marine products in the sea areas of Wenzhou, China

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物种 Species	重金属元素的单因子污染指数Single factor pollution index of heavy metals (P_i)							P
物种 Species	Cr	Cu	Zn	As	Cd	Hg	Pb	P
曼氏无针乌贼Sepiella maindroni de Rochebrune	0.06	0.05	0.39	0	0.03	0.03	0.16	0
长蛸Octopus minor	0.06	0.19	0.45	0	0.02	0.01	0.18	0
厚壳贻贝Mytilus coruscus	0.11	0.01	0.17	0.12	0.40	0.01	0.13	0.23
管角螺Hemifusus tuba	0.04	0.16	0.53	0	0.04	0.04	0.07	0
棘头梅童鱼Collichthys lucidus	0 . 73	0.01	0.11	0 . 62	0.14	0.02	0.20	0.15
拉氏狼牙虾虎鱼Odontamblyopus lacepedii	0.04	0.01	0.13	0.54	0.18	0.01	0.32	0.12
凤鲚Coilia mystus	0.05	0.01	0.14	0 . 65	0.10	0.02	0.14	0.11
龙头鱼Harpadon nehereus	0.04	0.01	0.07	0.12	0.14	0.01	0.43	0.07
鳓Ilisha elongata	0.04	0.01	0.13	0.40	0.10	0.03	0.17	0.10
三疣梭子蟹Portunus trituberculatus	0.05	0.33	0 . 79	0.03	0.24	0.09	0.32	0.46
脊尾白虾Exopalaemon carinicauda	0.05	0.19	0.43	0	0.18	0.02	0.35	0

物种 Species	重金属元素的目标危险系数(THQ) Target hazard quotient of heavy metals (THQ)							危害指数(HI) Hazard index (HI)
物种 Species	Cr	Cu	Zn	As	Cd	Hg	Pb	危害指数(HI) Hazard index (HI)
曼氏无针乌贼Sepiella maindroni de Rochebrune	<0.001	0.029	0.025	0.000	0.024	0.015	0.022	0.115
长蛸Octopus minor	<0.001	0.110	0.029	0.000	0.023	0.006	0.024	0.192
厚壳贻贝Mytilus coruscus	<0.001	0.007	0.011	0.097	0.380	0.004	0.026	0.526
管角螺Hemifusus tuba	<0.001	0.098	0.034	0.000	0.037	0.017	0.010	0.196
棘头梅童鱼Collichthys lucidus	<0.001	0.003	0.007	0.099	0.007	0.016	0.014	0.146
拉氏狼牙虾虎鱼Odontamblyopus lacepedii	<0.001	0.006	0.008	0.085	0.009	0.010	0.022	0.140
凤鲚Coilia mystus	<0.001	0.004	0.009	0.100	0.004	0.015	0.009	0.141
龙头鱼Harpadon nehereus	<0.001	0.002	0.005	0.019	0.007	0.004	0.029	0.065
鳓Ilisha elongata	<0.001	0.003	0.008	0.064	0.005	0.026	0.012	0.118
三疣梭子蟹Portunus trituberculatus	<0.001	0.200	0.050	0.027	0.340	0.041	0.022	0.680
脊尾白虾Exopalaemon carinicauda	<0.001	0.110	0.027	0.000	0.043	0.008	0.024	0.212

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