Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis ›› 2022, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (10): 2240-2250.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2022.10.18
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SHANG Jiayin1(), ZHANG Xinjian2, LI Kai1, ZHANG He1, WANG Dan1
Received:
2021-05-26
Online:
2022-10-25
Published:
2022-10-26
CLC Number:
SHANG Jiayin, ZHANG Xinjian, LI Kai, ZHANG He, WANG Dan. Effects of different covering materials on root distribution and soil physical and chemical properties of protected cultivation of grape[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2022, 34(10): 2240-2250.
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URL: http://www.zjnyxb.cn/EN/10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2022.10.18
根系粗度 Root size/mm | 地膜A Film A | 地布B Floor cloth B | 无纺布C Non woven fabric C | 对照组CK | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
数量 Number | 百分比 Percent/% | 数量 Number | 百分比 Percent/% | 数量 Number | 百分比 Percent/% | 数量 Number | 百分比 Percent/% | |
≥10 | 2 b | 2.02 c | 4 a | 4.40 a | 5 a | 4.50 a | 3 b | 4.11 b |
5~<10 | 14 a | 14.14 b | 5 b | 5.49 c | 18 a | 16.22 b | 16 a | 21.92 a |
2~<5 | 31 a | 31.31 b | 17 c | 18.68 c | 22 b | 19.82 c | 30 a | 41.10 a |
<2 | 52 b | 52.53 c | 65 a | 71.43 a | 66 a | 59.46 b | 24 c | 32.88 d |
合计Total | 99 b | 100.00 | 91 c | 100.00 | 111 a | 100.00 | 73 d | 100.00 |
Table 1 Root number and proportion of grape under different covering materials
根系粗度 Root size/mm | 地膜A Film A | 地布B Floor cloth B | 无纺布C Non woven fabric C | 对照组CK | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
数量 Number | 百分比 Percent/% | 数量 Number | 百分比 Percent/% | 数量 Number | 百分比 Percent/% | 数量 Number | 百分比 Percent/% | |
≥10 | 2 b | 2.02 c | 4 a | 4.40 a | 5 a | 4.50 a | 3 b | 4.11 b |
5~<10 | 14 a | 14.14 b | 5 b | 5.49 c | 18 a | 16.22 b | 16 a | 21.92 a |
2~<5 | 31 a | 31.31 b | 17 c | 18.68 c | 22 b | 19.82 c | 30 a | 41.10 a |
<2 | 52 b | 52.53 c | 65 a | 71.43 a | 66 a | 59.46 b | 24 c | 32.88 d |
合计Total | 99 b | 100.00 | 91 c | 100.00 | 111 a | 100.00 | 73 d | 100.00 |
土层深度 Depth of soil/ mm | 地膜A Film A | 地布B Floor cloth B | 无纺布C Non woven fabric C | 对照组CK | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
数量 Number | 百分比 Percent/% | 数量 Number | 百分比 Percent/% | 数量 Number | 百分比 Percent/% | 数量 Number | 百分比 Percent/% | |
0~<10 | 2 b | 2.02 b | 4 b | 4.40 b | 16 a | 14.41 a | 1 b | 1.37 b |
10~<20 | 11 c | 11.11 c | 34 a | 37.34 a | 25 b | 22.52 b | 10 c | 13.70 c |
20~<30 | 46 a | 46.46 a | 22 c | 24.18 b | 25 c | 22.52 b | 37 b | 50.68 a |
30~<40 | 10 a | 10.10 b | 11 a | 12.09 a | 4 b | 3.60 c | 10 a | 13.70 a |
40~<50 | 5 a | 5.05 c | 4 a | 4.40 c | 7 a | 6.31 b | 6 a | 8.22 a |
50~<60 | 11 b | 11.11 a | 3 d | 3.30 c | 14 a | 12.61 a | 6 c | 8.22 b |
60~<70 | 8 b | 8.08 b | 10 b | 10.99 b | 17 a | 15.32 a | 2 c | 2.74 c |
70~<80 | 6 a | 6.06 a | 3 b | 3.30 b | 3 b | 2.70 b | 1 c | 1.37 c |
总计Total | 99 b | 100 | 91 c | 100 | 111 a | 100 | 73 d | 100 |
Table 2 Vertical distribution of grape roots under different covering materials
土层深度 Depth of soil/ mm | 地膜A Film A | 地布B Floor cloth B | 无纺布C Non woven fabric C | 对照组CK | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
数量 Number | 百分比 Percent/% | 数量 Number | 百分比 Percent/% | 数量 Number | 百分比 Percent/% | 数量 Number | 百分比 Percent/% | |
0~<10 | 2 b | 2.02 b | 4 b | 4.40 b | 16 a | 14.41 a | 1 b | 1.37 b |
10~<20 | 11 c | 11.11 c | 34 a | 37.34 a | 25 b | 22.52 b | 10 c | 13.70 c |
20~<30 | 46 a | 46.46 a | 22 c | 24.18 b | 25 c | 22.52 b | 37 b | 50.68 a |
30~<40 | 10 a | 10.10 b | 11 a | 12.09 a | 4 b | 3.60 c | 10 a | 13.70 a |
40~<50 | 5 a | 5.05 c | 4 a | 4.40 c | 7 a | 6.31 b | 6 a | 8.22 a |
50~<60 | 11 b | 11.11 a | 3 d | 3.30 c | 14 a | 12.61 a | 6 c | 8.22 b |
60~<70 | 8 b | 8.08 b | 10 b | 10.99 b | 17 a | 15.32 a | 2 c | 2.74 c |
70~<80 | 6 a | 6.06 a | 3 b | 3.30 b | 3 b | 2.70 b | 1 c | 1.37 c |
总计Total | 99 b | 100 | 91 c | 100 | 111 a | 100 | 73 d | 100 |
主蔓距离 Level distance/cm | 地膜A Film A | 地布B Floor cloth B | 无纺布C Non woven fabric C | 对照组CK | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
数量 Number | 百分比 Percent/% | 数量 Number | 百分比 Percent/% | 数量 Number | 百分比 Percent/% | 数量 Number | 百分比 Percent/% | |
-40~<-30 | 13 a | 13.13 b | 8 b | 8.79 d | 12 a | 10.81 c | 12 a | 16.44 a |
-30~<-20 | 8 b | 8.08 b | 14 a | 15.38 a | 10 b | 9.01 b | 7 b | 9.59 b |
-20~<-10 | 14 a | 14.14 a | 2 c | 2.20 d | 14 a | 12.61 b | 6 b | 8.22 c |
-10~<0 | 12 a | 12.12 b | 12 a | 13.19 b | 13 a | 11.71 b | 12 a | 16.44 a |
0~<10 | 10 b | 10.10 d | 17 a | 18.68 a | 16 a | 14.41 d | 9 b | 12.33 c |
10~<20 | 22 a | 22.22 a | 13 b | 14.29 c | 20 a | 18.02 b | 10 b | 13.70 c |
20~<30 | 11 ab | 11.11 a | 10 b | 10.99 a | 13 a | 11.71 a | 9 b | 12.33 a |
30~<40 | 9 b | 9.09 c | 15 a | 16.48 a | 13 a | 11.72 b | 8 b | 10.96 b |
总计Total | 99 b | 100.00 | 91 c | 100.00 | 111 a | 100.00 | 73 d | 100.00 |
Table 3 Horizontal distribution of grape roots under different covering materials
主蔓距离 Level distance/cm | 地膜A Film A | 地布B Floor cloth B | 无纺布C Non woven fabric C | 对照组CK | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
数量 Number | 百分比 Percent/% | 数量 Number | 百分比 Percent/% | 数量 Number | 百分比 Percent/% | 数量 Number | 百分比 Percent/% | |
-40~<-30 | 13 a | 13.13 b | 8 b | 8.79 d | 12 a | 10.81 c | 12 a | 16.44 a |
-30~<-20 | 8 b | 8.08 b | 14 a | 15.38 a | 10 b | 9.01 b | 7 b | 9.59 b |
-20~<-10 | 14 a | 14.14 a | 2 c | 2.20 d | 14 a | 12.61 b | 6 b | 8.22 c |
-10~<0 | 12 a | 12.12 b | 12 a | 13.19 b | 13 a | 11.71 b | 12 a | 16.44 a |
0~<10 | 10 b | 10.10 d | 17 a | 18.68 a | 16 a | 14.41 d | 9 b | 12.33 c |
10~<20 | 22 a | 22.22 a | 13 b | 14.29 c | 20 a | 18.02 b | 10 b | 13.70 c |
20~<30 | 11 ab | 11.11 a | 10 b | 10.99 a | 13 a | 11.71 a | 9 b | 12.33 a |
30~<40 | 9 b | 9.09 c | 15 a | 16.48 a | 13 a | 11.72 b | 8 b | 10.96 b |
总计Total | 99 b | 100.00 | 91 c | 100.00 | 111 a | 100.00 | 73 d | 100.00 |
项目 Item | 根系数量 Root number | 水分含量 Moisture content | pH | EC | 脲酶 Urease | 酸性磷酸酶 Acid phosphatase | 蔗糖酶 Invertase | 过氧化氢酶 Catalase |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
根系数量Root number | 1 | |||||||
水分含量Moisture content | 0.160 | 1 | ||||||
pH | -0.084 | 0.485* | 1 | |||||
EC | -0.134 | 0.001 | -0.263 | 1 | ||||
脲酶 Urease | -0.492* | -0.393 | -0.496* | 0.337 | 1 | |||
酸性磷酸酶Acid phosphatase | -0.287 | -0.553* | -0.367 | -0.310 | 0.420 | 1 | ||
蔗糖酶Invertase | 0.837** | -0.021 | -0.219 | -0.135 | -0.508* | -0.076 | 1 | |
过氧化氢酶Catalase | -0.193 | -0.220 | -0.171 | 0.150 | 0.522* | 0.204 | -0.064 | 1.000 |
Table 4 Correlation analysis of different treatment indexes
项目 Item | 根系数量 Root number | 水分含量 Moisture content | pH | EC | 脲酶 Urease | 酸性磷酸酶 Acid phosphatase | 蔗糖酶 Invertase | 过氧化氢酶 Catalase |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
根系数量Root number | 1 | |||||||
水分含量Moisture content | 0.160 | 1 | ||||||
pH | -0.084 | 0.485* | 1 | |||||
EC | -0.134 | 0.001 | -0.263 | 1 | ||||
脲酶 Urease | -0.492* | -0.393 | -0.496* | 0.337 | 1 | |||
酸性磷酸酶Acid phosphatase | -0.287 | -0.553* | -0.367 | -0.310 | 0.420 | 1 | ||
蔗糖酶Invertase | 0.837** | -0.021 | -0.219 | -0.135 | -0.508* | -0.076 | 1 | |
过氧化氢酶Catalase | -0.193 | -0.220 | -0.171 | 0.150 | 0.522* | 0.204 | -0.064 | 1.000 |
成分 Component | 初始特征值Initial eigenvalue | 载荷平方和Load sum of squares | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
总计 Total | 方差百分比 Variance percentage/% | 累积百分比 Cumulative percentage/% | 总计 Total | 方差百分比 Variance percentage/% | 累积百分比 Cumulative percentage/% | |
1 | 2.894 | 36.181 | 36.181 | 2.894 | 36.181 | 36.181 |
2 | 1.872 | 23.401 | 59.582 | 1.872 | 23.401 | 59.582 |
3 | 1.360 | 16.996 | 76.578 | 1.360 | 16.996 | 76.578 |
4 | 0.837 | 10.463 | 87.042 | |||
5 | 0.474 | 5.920 | 92.962 | |||
6 | 0.292 | 3.652 | 96.613 | |||
7 | 0.212 | 2.654 | 99.268 | |||
8 | 0.059 | 0.732 | 100.000 |
Table 5 Explanation of principal component variance
成分 Component | 初始特征值Initial eigenvalue | 载荷平方和Load sum of squares | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
总计 Total | 方差百分比 Variance percentage/% | 累积百分比 Cumulative percentage/% | 总计 Total | 方差百分比 Variance percentage/% | 累积百分比 Cumulative percentage/% | |
1 | 2.894 | 36.181 | 36.181 | 2.894 | 36.181 | 36.181 |
2 | 1.872 | 23.401 | 59.582 | 1.872 | 23.401 | 59.582 |
3 | 1.360 | 16.996 | 76.578 | 1.360 | 16.996 | 76.578 |
4 | 0.837 | 10.463 | 87.042 | |||
5 | 0.474 | 5.920 | 92.962 | |||
6 | 0.292 | 3.652 | 96.613 | |||
7 | 0.212 | 2.654 | 99.268 | |||
8 | 0.059 | 0.732 | 100.000 |
变量 Variable | 主成分1 PC1 | 主成分2 PC2 | 主成分3 PC3 |
---|---|---|---|
根系数Root number (X1) | -0.665 | 0.630 | 0.210 |
水分含量 Moisture content (X2) | -0.608 | -0.508 | 0.194 |
pH(X3) | -0.504 | -0.647 | -0.306 |
EC(X4) | 0.257 | -0.158 | 0.867 |
脲酶Urease (X5) | 0.903 | -0.042 | 0.201 |
酸性磷酸酶 Acid phosphatase(X6) | 0.613 | 0.377 | -0.569 |
蔗糖酶Invertase (X7) | -0.532 | 0.788 | 0.136 |
过氧化氢酶 Catalase (X8) | 0.537 | 0.093 | 0.223 |
Table 6 Principal component load matrix
变量 Variable | 主成分1 PC1 | 主成分2 PC2 | 主成分3 PC3 |
---|---|---|---|
根系数Root number (X1) | -0.665 | 0.630 | 0.210 |
水分含量 Moisture content (X2) | -0.608 | -0.508 | 0.194 |
pH(X3) | -0.504 | -0.647 | -0.306 |
EC(X4) | 0.257 | -0.158 | 0.867 |
脲酶Urease (X5) | 0.903 | -0.042 | 0.201 |
酸性磷酸酶 Acid phosphatase(X6) | 0.613 | 0.377 | -0.569 |
蔗糖酶Invertase (X7) | -0.532 | 0.788 | 0.136 |
过氧化氢酶 Catalase (X8) | 0.537 | 0.093 | 0.223 |
项目 Item | 地膜A Film A | 地布B Floor cloth B | 无纺布C Non woven fabric C | 对照组CK |
---|---|---|---|---|
主成分1 PC1 | -4.512 6 | 3.636 2 | 5.173 1 | -4.296 7 |
主成分2 PC2 | 0.828 5 | -0.616 3 | -1.361 0 | 0.827 0 |
主成分3 PC3 | -1.396 4 | 3.450 4 | 4.638 3 | -6.692 3 |
贡献率Contribution rate/% | -0.716 5 | 2.207 7 | 2.805 0 | -4.394 5 |
排名Rank | 3 | 2 | 1 | 4 |
Table 7 Principal component score of different coverage treatments
项目 Item | 地膜A Film A | 地布B Floor cloth B | 无纺布C Non woven fabric C | 对照组CK |
---|---|---|---|---|
主成分1 PC1 | -4.512 6 | 3.636 2 | 5.173 1 | -4.296 7 |
主成分2 PC2 | 0.828 5 | -0.616 3 | -1.361 0 | 0.827 0 |
主成分3 PC3 | -1.396 4 | 3.450 4 | 4.638 3 | -6.692 3 |
贡献率Contribution rate/% | -0.716 5 | 2.207 7 | 2.805 0 | -4.394 5 |
排名Rank | 3 | 2 | 1 | 4 |
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