Effects of reduced chemical fertilization and biochar application on nitrogen and phosphorus leaching and soil properties of sandy soil

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20240755

Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (9): 1943-1950.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20240755

• Environmental Science • Previous Articles Next Articles

Effects of reduced chemical fertilization and biochar application on nitrogen and phosphorus leaching and soil properties of sandy soil

WEI Qingcui¹(), JIANG Naying¹, SHEN Junyang¹, ZHANG Huanchao², ZHANG Hengfeng¹^,^*()

¹ College of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, Jiangsu, China
² College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China

Received:2024-08-22 Online:2025-09-25 Published:2025-10-15
Contact: ZHANG Hengfeng

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to explore the inhibitory effect of reduced chemical fertilization and application of corn straw biochar on nitrogen and phosphorus leaching in sandy soil and soil quality improvement, a soil column leaching experiments was conducted with 5 treatments: CK, conventional fertilization ( usage of 105 kg·hm^-2 chemical fertilizer); JL, chemical fertilization reduction rate of 30% (usage of 73.5 kg·hm^-2); BC10, chemical fertilization reduction rate of 30% + 10 t·hm^-2 biochar; BC20, chemical fertilization reduction rate of 30% + 20 t·hm^-2 biochar; BC30, chemical fertilization reduction rate of 30% + 30 t·hm^-2 biochar. It was shown that, compared with the CK, the other treatments significantly (p<0.05) reduced the accumulative leaching amount of ammonium nitrogen (${NH}_{4}^{+}$-N) and nitrate nitrogen (${NO}_{3}^{-}$-N) by 15.96%-58.65% and 22.28%-56.13%, respectively; JL and B10 treatments significantly lowered the acuumulative leaching amount of ${PO}_{4}^{3-}$-P by 15.49%-16.90%, yet BC20 and BC30 treatments significantly increased the acuumulative leaching amount of ${PO}_{4}^{3-}$-P by 18.31%-29.58%. After 16 weeks, the total porosity of BC10, BC20, BC30 treatments was significantly increased by 8.35%-26.96% than that of CK, and the mass fraction of ${NO}_{3}^{-}$-N, dissolved organic nitrogen and available phosphorus was significantly increased by 8.46%-46.36%, 40.10%-105.56% and 8.06%-71.50%, respectively, under these treatments. Besides, BC20 and BC30 treatments increased soil pH value by 11.06% and 15.54% than that of CK, and BC30 treatment enhanced the water holding capacity of soil by 22.24%. In general, application of reduced chemical fertilization combined with corn straw biochar could significantly reduce nitrogen leaching in sandy soil. However, the use of high levels of biochar might increase the risk of ${PO}_{4}^{3-}$-P leaching. Under this experiment condition, application of chemical fertilizer with a reduciton rate of 30% based on the conventional usage and 10 t·hm^-2 biochar was appropriate.

Key words: reduced chemical fertilization, biochar, nitrogen and phosphorus leaching, soil property

CLC Number:

S156

WEI Qingcui, JIANG Naying, SHEN Junyang, ZHANG Huanchao, ZHANG Hengfeng. Effects of reduced chemical fertilization and biochar application on nitrogen and phosphorus leaching and soil properties of sandy soil[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2025, 37(9): 1943-1950.

Figures/Tables 4

References 28

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处理 Treatment	${NH}_{4}^{+}$-N累积淋失量 Accumulative leaching amount of ${NH}_{4}^{+}$-N	${NO}_{3}^{-}$-N累积淋失量 Accumulative leaching amount of ${NO}_{3}^{-}$-N	${PO}_{4}^{3-}$-P累积淋失量 Accumulative leaching amount of ${PO}_{4}^{3-}$-P
CK	4.45±0.20 a	47.21±2.06 a	0.71±0.03 c
JL	3.74±0.17 b	36.69±1.58 b	0.60±0.02 d
BC10	2.43±0.11 c	25.58±1.02 c	0.59±0.02 d
BC20	2.09±0.08 d	23.17±1.06 cd	0.84±0.03 b
BC30	1.84±0.08 d	20.71±0.94 d	0.92±0.04 a

处理 Treatment	${NH}_{4}^{+}$-N累积淋失量 Accumulative leaching amount of ${NH}_{4}^{+}$-N	${NO}_{3}^{-}$-N累积淋失量 Accumulative leaching amount of ${NO}_{3}^{-}$-N	${PO}_{4}^{3-}$-P累积淋失量 Accumulative leaching amount of ${PO}_{4}^{3-}$-P
CK	4.45±0.20 a	47.21±2.06 a	0.71±0.03 c
JL	3.74±0.17 b	36.69±1.58 b	0.60±0.02 d
BC10	2.43±0.11 c	25.58±1.02 c	0.59±0.02 d
BC20	2.09±0.08 d	23.17±1.06 cd	0.84±0.03 b
BC30	1.84±0.08 d	20.71±0.94 d	0.92±0.04 a

处理 Treatment	pH值 pH value	WHC/%	Poro/%	OM/%	TN/(g· kg^-1)	DON/(mg· kg^-1)	AN/(mg· kg^-1)	NN/(mg· kg^-1)	AP/(mg· kg^-1)
CK	6.24± 0.21 c	42.63± 2.05 bc	43.58± 1.98 c	2.64± 0.10 bc	2.21± 0.11 c	5.76± 0.24 d	14.86± 0.54 a	23.64± 0.80 d	8.56± 0.12 c
JL	6.40± 0.23 bc	41.55± 2.34 c	44.89± 2.34 bc	2.50± 0.06 c	2.07± 0.07 d	5.89± 0.17 d	14.25± 0.66 b	21.80± 0.76 e	8.14± 0.24 d
BC10	6.76± 0.13 abc	44.34± 1.88 ab	47.22± 2.61 ab	2.75± 0.11 ab	2.36± 0.06 bc	8.07± 0.33 c	11.81± 0.26 b	25.64± 0.62 c	9.25± 0.31 b
BC20	6.93± 0.27 ab	48.65± 2.54 ab	50.05± 1.74 ab	2.87± 0.09 ab	2.54± 0.07 ab	10.21± 0.47 b	10.54± 0.33 c	30.87± 0.34 b	11.04± 0.20 ab
BC30	7.21± 0.31 a	52.11± 1.76 a	55.33± 2.78 a	3.11± 0.14 a	2.97± 0.10 a	11.84.± 0.37 a	8.87± 0.49 c	34.60± 0.64 a	14.68± 0.36 a

处理 Treatment	pH值 pH value	WHC/%	Poro/%	OM/%	TN/(g· kg^-1)	DON/(mg· kg^-1)	AN/(mg· kg^-1)	NN/(mg· kg^-1)	AP/(mg· kg^-1)
CK	6.24± 0.21 c	42.63± 2.05 bc	43.58± 1.98 c	2.64± 0.10 bc	2.21± 0.11 c	5.76± 0.24 d	14.86± 0.54 a	23.64± 0.80 d	8.56± 0.12 c
JL	6.40± 0.23 bc	41.55± 2.34 c	44.89± 2.34 bc	2.50± 0.06 c	2.07± 0.07 d	5.89± 0.17 d	14.25± 0.66 b	21.80± 0.76 e	8.14± 0.24 d
BC10	6.76± 0.13 abc	44.34± 1.88 ab	47.22± 2.61 ab	2.75± 0.11 ab	2.36± 0.06 bc	8.07± 0.33 c	11.81± 0.26 b	25.64± 0.62 c	9.25± 0.31 b
BC20	6.93± 0.27 ab	48.65± 2.54 ab	50.05± 1.74 ab	2.87± 0.09 ab	2.54± 0.07 ab	10.21± 0.47 b	10.54± 0.33 c	30.87± 0.34 b	11.04± 0.20 ab
BC30	7.21± 0.31 a	52.11± 1.76 a	55.33± 2.78 a	3.11± 0.14 a	2.97± 0.10 a	11.84.± 0.37 a	8.87± 0.49 c	34.60± 0.64 a	14.68± 0.36 a

Effects of reduced chemical fertilization and biochar application on nitrogen and phosphorus leaching and soil properties of sandy soil

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