Effect of application of amino acid fertilizer on spring maize cultivation under nitrogen reduction

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2022.04.01

Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis ›› 2022, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (4): 661-670.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2022.04.01

• Crop Science • Previous Articles Next Articles

Effect of application of amino acid fertilizer on spring maize cultivation under nitrogen reduction

HU Kaibo¹^,²(), YANG Qingxia¹, LI Yang¹, WU Kaixian³, ZHAO Ping¹^,²^,^*(), LONG Guangqiang¹^,²

1. College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
2. Yunnan Scientific Observation Station for Cultivated Land Conservation of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Kunming 650201, China
3. College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China

Received:2021-04-22 Online:2022-04-25 Published:2022-04-28
Contact: ZHAO Ping

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to explore the effect of application of amino acid fertilizer on spring maize cultivation under nitrogen reduction, a field plot experiment was conducted with 6 treatments: N0, no nitrogen applied; U100, conventional N rate, 250 kg·hm^-2; U80, N reduction by 20% compared with U100; U60, N reduction by 40% compared with U100; A80, application of amino acid fertilization based on U80; A60, application of amino acid fertilization based on U60. The yield, and main physiological characteristics at tasseling period, nitrogen uptake and utilization of maize at maturity period under different treatments were determined. It was shown that compared with U100, N reduction rate of 20% (U80 and A80 treatments) did not significantly decrease maize yield, yet significantly (P<0.05) increased nitrogen use efficiency by 35.8%-38.8% and harvest index by 41.8%-57.2%. When N reduction rate was 40%, maize yield was significantly (P<0.05) decreased by 20.6% under U60 treatment as compared with U100, yet maize yield was not significantly changed under A60 treatment. Besides, the nitrogen use efficiency was significantly (P<0.05) increased by 30.0% under A60 treatment as compared with U100. However, A60 and U60 treatments had no significant effect on harvest index of maize as compared with U100. Under the same N reduction rate, the intracellular CO₂ concentration, chlorophyll content (SPAD value), photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency, and activities of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase and glutamate dehydrogenase under A80 treatment were significantly (P<0.05) elevated as compared with U80 treatment, and the transpiration rate and activities of glutamine synthetase and glutamate synthase were significantly (P<0.05) elevated under A60 treatment as compared with U60 treatment. Thus, it was concluded that N reduction rate of 20% would not decrease maize yield based on the conventional N rate under the experiment conditions. Under the same N rate, application of amino acid fertilizers would further increase nitrogen use efficiency.

Key words: amino acid, spring maize, photosynthetic characteristics, nitrogen use efficiency, nitrogen assimilation enzymes, yield

CLC Number:

S147.34

HU Kaibo, YANG Qingxia, LI Yang, WU Kaixian, ZHAO Ping, LONG Guangqiang. Effect of application of amino acid fertilizer on spring maize cultivation under nitrogen reduction[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2022, 34(4): 661-670.

Figures/Tables 7

Table 1 Effects of different treatments on yield,aboveground biomass,harvest index and yield component

处理 Treatment	穗长 Ear length/ cm	秃尖长 Bare tip length/cm	穗行数 Kernel row number	行粒数 Kernel number per row	百粒重 100-grain weight/g	产量 Yield/(kg· hm^-2)	地上部生物量 Aboveground biomass/ (kg·hm^-2)	收获指数 Harvest index/%
U100	20.6±4.2 a	2.1±0.5 a	19±3 b	36±1 a	26.4±1.5 b	8 656±126.9 ab	29 164.8±2 951.0 bc	40.7±1.5 b
U80	18.9±1.5 ab	1.3±0.3 bc	22±1 a	39±1 a	26.3±0.7 b	9 503±1 001.3 a	35 574.1±1 335.7 a	64.0±3.6 a
A80	17.8±2.9 ab	0.8±0.3 c	23±2 a	37±2 a	29.0±2.3 a	9 163±1 313.3 a	32 052.0±1 125.5 ab	57.7±2.5 a
U60	14.5±3.6 b	1.8±0.4 ab	19±1 b	38±3 a	25.5±0.5 b	6 868±706.8 c	26 081.6±2 732.5 c	38.3±2.5 b
A60	16.3±0.4 ab	1.7±0.3 ab	20±1 ab	36±3 a	25.7±1.1 b	7 411±983.3 bc	28 048.0±1 625.2 c	34.0±8.2 b

Fig.1 Soil ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen content under different treatments at different growth periods Bars marked without the same letters indicated significant difference at P<0.05 at the same growth period.

Table 2 Effects of different treatments on nitrogen distribution and use efficiency of spring maize at harvest stage

处理 Treatment	籽粒Grain		秸秆Straw		根系root		氮吸收总量 Total N uptake/(kg· hm^-2)	NUE/%
处理 Treatment	吸氮量 N uptake/ (kg·hm^-2)	比例 Proportion/%	吸氮量 N uptake/ (kg·hm^-2)	比例 Proportion/%	吸氮量 N uptake/ (kg·hm^-2)	比例 Proportion/%	氮吸收总量 Total N uptake/(kg· hm^-2)	NUE/%
U100	90.3± 12.4 ab	73.8± 9.6 ab	20.4± 7.3 b	16.7± 6.0 ab	11.7± 2.7 ab	9.5± 1.5 ab	122.4± 9.1 bc	42.13± 5.70 b
U80	102.7± 16.9 ab	75.3± 8.7 ab	18.4± 5.9 b	13.5± 4.0 b	15.3± 6.7 a	11.2± 4.6 a	136.4± 18.2 ab	57.20± 2.35 a
A80	97.2± 18.0 ab	68.3± 6.6 b	29.7± 8.3 a	20.9± 6.3 a	15.4± 5.0 a	10.8± 5.1 a	142.3± 11.0 a	58.47± 3.55 a
U60	79.1± 6.8 b	78.0± 4.4 a	13.8± 2.9 c	13.6± 1.9 b	8.7± 3.1 ab	8.6± 2.9 ab	101.5± 8.8 c	50.72± 4.72 ab
A60	111.8± 3.5 a	79.2± 3.7 a	23.5± 4.2 ab	16.7± 1.9 ab	5.8± 3.3 b	4.1± 2.1 b	141.1± 9.5 a	54.74± 7.05 a

Table 3 Effects of different treatments on physiological indexes of maize leaf

处理 Treatment	P_n/(μmol· m^-2·s^-1)	C_i/(μmol· mol^-1)	T_r/(μmol· m^-2·s^-1)	G_s/(μmol· m^-2·s^-1)	SPAD	PNUE/(μmol· g^-1·s^-1)
U100	20.5±1.2 a	152.4±4.7 d	3.3±0.2 a	0.23±0.06 b	39.2±1.5 b	59.0±4.6 b
U80	20.0±0.4 a	133.5±5.5 e	3.2±0.1 a	0.27±0.03 ab	38.9±1.3 b	63.0±3.9 b
A80	17.3±0.5 b	205.6±1.4 c	3.1±0.2 a	0.32±0.03 a	41.8±1.0 a	69.3±6.8 a
U60	15.8±0.9 b	295.2±10.3 a	2.0±0.2 c	0.11±0.03 c	30.2±1.4 c	45.4±1.1 c
A60	17.3±0.6 b	230.5±1.6 b	2.3±0.1 b	0.16±0.04 c	32.2±1.6 c	54.8±11.5 bc

Table 4 Effects of different treatments on nitrogen assimilation enzymes activities

处理Treatment	GDH/(nmol·min^-1·g^-1)	GOT/(nmol·min^-1·g^-1)	GS/(U·g^-1)	GOGAT/(nmol·min^-1·g^-1)
U100	76.75±5.17 a	76.69±2.32 b	21.60±0.35 a	117.90±11.66 a
U80	35.16±2.68 c	74.06±5.11 b	21.03±1.40 a	105.51±7.44 ab
A80	57.29±1.24 b	86.86±3.99 a	14.29±1.05 b	110.49±13.90 ab
U60	39.62±8.16 c	62.54±1.93 c	15.58±2.18 b	57.34±5.24 c
A60	42.91±2.55 c	64.84±1.60 c	20.98±3.89 a	91.73±12.04 b

Table 5 Correlation within different indexes

指标 Index	氮吸收总量 Total N uptake	P_n	$NH 4 +$ -N	$NO 3 -$ -N	地上部全氮 Total N in shoot	SPAD	PNUE	GOT	GOGAT
产量Yield	0.532^*	0.537^*	0.123	0.721^**	-0.321	0.781^**	0.581^*	0.572^*	0.532^*
NUE	0.205	-0.243	0.717^**	0.334	-0.739^**	-0.204	0.126	0.153	-0.056

Table 5 Correlation within different indexes

指标 Index	氮吸收总量 Total N uptake	P_n	$NH 4 +$ -N	$NO 3 -$ -N	地上部全氮 Total N in shoot	SPAD	PNUE	GOT	GOGAT
产量Yield	0.532^*	0.537^*	0.123	0.721^**	-0.321	0.781^**	0.581^*	0.572^*	0.532^*
NUE	0.205	-0.243	0.717^**	0.334	-0.739^**	-0.204	0.126	0.153	-0.056

Fig.2 Redundancy analysis of spring maize yield and nitrogen use efficiency TNU, Total nitrogen uptake; Pn, Net photosynthetic rate; SPAD, Chlorophyll content(SPAD value); PNUE, Photosynthetic nitrogen utilization efficiency; GOGAT,Glutamate synthetase; GOT, Glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase; Yield, Yield of maize; NUE, Nitrogen use efficiency; TNS, Total nitrogen content in aboveground part (at tasseling period); NH 4 +-N, Soil ammonium nitrogen content (at tasseling period); NO 3 --N,Soil nitrate nitrogen content (at tasseling period).

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Effect of application of amino acid fertilizer on spring maize cultivation under nitrogen reduction

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