Effects of sand culture and soil culture on growth, yield, and quality of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20240808

Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (9): 1905-1913.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20240808

• Horticultural Science • Previous Articles Next Articles

Effects of sand culture and soil culture on growth, yield, and quality of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)

WU Ju¹(), YANG Fei¹, WU Guoquan¹, FU Xian¹, XU Chenguang²^,^*()

¹ Zhoushan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhoushan 316000, Zhejiang, China
² Zhoushan Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Zhoushan 316100, Zhejiang, China

Received:2024-08-01 Online:2025-09-25 Published:2025-10-15
Contact: XU Chenguang

Abstract

Abstract:

Based on internet of things and integrated water-fertilization technology, the effects of sand culture and soil culture on the growth, yield, and quality of cucumber were studied. Using the cucumber varieties Jinlyu Qiuliang, Jinlyu 107, Jinlyu 2136, Jinlyu 265, and Zhonghua Youliangwang as materials, the plant agronomic traits, fruit yield, and fruit quality indicators of these five cultivars were measured under both sand culture and soil culture. The results showed that, compared with soil culture, sand culture significantly (p<0.05) increased plant height; however, soil culture resulted in greater stem diameter. The plot yield of four cucumber cultivars under sand culture was significantly higher than that under soil culture. In terms of quality, sucrose synthase activity was significantly higher in four sand-cultured cucumber cultivars, while vitamin C content was significantly lower in three sand cultured cucumber cultivars, and soluble sugar content was significantly lower in five sand-cultivated cultivars. Regarding mineral elements, the magnesium and potassium content in most cultivars were significantly lower under sand culture, whereas no significant differences were observed in manganese and iron content. The findings of this study provide a theoretical basis for modern cultivation techniques in cucumber production.

Key words: Cucumis sativus L., integration of fertilizer and water, sand culture, soil culture, mineral element, yield

CLC Number:

S642.2

WU Ju, YANG Fei, WU Guoquan, FU Xian, XU Chenguang. Effects of sand culture and soil culture on growth, yield, and quality of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2025, 37(9): 1905-1913.

Figures/Tables 6

References 22

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品种 Cultivar	栽培方式 Cultivation method	株高 Plant height/cm	最大叶尺寸 Maximum leaf size/(cm×cm)	茎粗 Stem diameter/cm	叶片数 Leaf number	叶间距 Leaf spacing/cm
津绿秋亮	砂培Sand culture	445.00±0.58 a	31×33 a	1.20±0.01 b	42.0±0.35 a	11.3±0.06 a
Jinlyu Qiuliang	土培Soil culture	420.00±1.73 b	32×33 a	1.30±0.01 a	41.5±0.35 a	10.8±0.06 b
津绿107	砂培Sand culture	452.00±2.31 a	33×33 a	1.20±0.01 b	40.3±0.49 a	12.1±0.45 a
Jinlyu 107	土培Soil culture	425.00±1.16 b	33×34 a	1.40±0.03 a	41.0±0.49 a	11.8±0.12 a
津绿2136	砂培Sand culture	458.00±1.16 a	31×33 a	1.30±0.01 a	42.0±0.70 a	13.0±0.17 a
Jinlyu 2136	土培Soil culture	428.00±1.16 b	33×33 a	1.35±0.02 a	41.0±0.70 a	12.5±0.09 a
中华油亮王	砂培Sand culture	438.00±1.16 a	33×32 a	1.30±0.01 b	43.2±0.49 a	12.3±0.12 a
Zhonghua Youliangwang	土培Soil culture	419.00±1.73 b	34×34 a	1.40±0.01 a	42.5±0.49 a	12.0±0.06 a
津绿265	砂培Sand culture	460.00±0.58 a	32×31 a	1.20±0.01 b	43.3±0.49 a	12.6±0.06 a
Jinlyu 265	土培Soil culture	420.00±1.73 b	33×32 a	1.38±0.01 a	42.6±0.49 a	12.5±0.06 a

品种 Cultivar	栽培方式 Cultivation method	株高 Plant height/cm	最大叶尺寸 Maximum leaf size/(cm×cm)	茎粗 Stem diameter/cm	叶片数 Leaf number	叶间距 Leaf spacing/cm
津绿秋亮	砂培Sand culture	445.00±0.58 a	31×33 a	1.20±0.01 b	42.0±0.35 a	11.3±0.06 a
Jinlyu Qiuliang	土培Soil culture	420.00±1.73 b	32×33 a	1.30±0.01 a	41.5±0.35 a	10.8±0.06 b
津绿107	砂培Sand culture	452.00±2.31 a	33×33 a	1.20±0.01 b	40.3±0.49 a	12.1±0.45 a
Jinlyu 107	土培Soil culture	425.00±1.16 b	33×34 a	1.40±0.03 a	41.0±0.49 a	11.8±0.12 a
津绿2136	砂培Sand culture	458.00±1.16 a	31×33 a	1.30±0.01 a	42.0±0.70 a	13.0±0.17 a
Jinlyu 2136	土培Soil culture	428.00±1.16 b	33×33 a	1.35±0.02 a	41.0±0.70 a	12.5±0.09 a
中华油亮王	砂培Sand culture	438.00±1.16 a	33×32 a	1.30±0.01 b	43.2±0.49 a	12.3±0.12 a
Zhonghua Youliangwang	土培Soil culture	419.00±1.73 b	34×34 a	1.40±0.01 a	42.5±0.49 a	12.0±0.06 a
津绿265	砂培Sand culture	460.00±0.58 a	32×31 a	1.20±0.01 b	43.3±0.49 a	12.6±0.06 a
Jinlyu 265	土培Soil culture	420.00±1.73 b	33×32 a	1.38±0.01 a	42.6±0.49 a	12.5±0.06 a

品种 Cultivar	栽培方式 Cultivation method	瓜长 Cucumber length/cm	瓜粗 Cucumber diameter/cm	单瓜重 Single cucumber weight/g	商品瓜率 Marketable cucumber rate/%
津绿秋亮Jinlyu Qiuliang	砂培Sand culture	38.50±0.12 a	4.00±0.14 b	362±1 b	92.30±0.09
	土培Soil culture	39.00±0.29 a	4.20±0.14 a	382±1 a	80.30±0.09
津绿107 Jinlyu 107	砂培Sand culture	39.50±0.17 a	4.10±0.07 b	410±1 b	91.30±0.08
	土培Soil culture	40.00±0.23 a	4.20±0.07 a	420±1 a	80.30±0.08
津绿2136 Jinlyu 2136	砂培Sand culture	39.50±0.01 a	4.00±0.07 b	380±2 b	90.30±0.08
	土培Soil culture	40.00±0.58 a	4.10±0.07 a	401±1 a	78.67±0.08
中华油亮王Zhonghua Youliangwang	砂培Sand culture	40.50±0.29 a	4.00±0.07 b	426±2 b	89.67±0.05
	土培Soil culture	40.50±0.29 a	4.10±0.07 a	435±1 a	83.00±0.05
津绿265 Jinlyu 265	砂培Sand culture	37.50±0.29 a	4.00±0.07 b	355±1 b	91.67±0.08
	土培Soil culture	38.00±0.29 a	4.10±0.07 a	365±1 a	80.67±0.08

品种 Cultivar	栽培方式 Cultivation method	瓜长 Cucumber length/cm	瓜粗 Cucumber diameter/cm	单瓜重 Single cucumber weight/g	商品瓜率 Marketable cucumber rate/%
津绿秋亮Jinlyu Qiuliang	砂培Sand culture	38.50±0.12 a	4.00±0.14 b	362±1 b	92.30±0.09
	土培Soil culture	39.00±0.29 a	4.20±0.14 a	382±1 a	80.30±0.09
津绿107 Jinlyu 107	砂培Sand culture	39.50±0.17 a	4.10±0.07 b	410±1 b	91.30±0.08
	土培Soil culture	40.00±0.23 a	4.20±0.07 a	420±1 a	80.30±0.08
津绿2136 Jinlyu 2136	砂培Sand culture	39.50±0.01 a	4.00±0.07 b	380±2 b	90.30±0.08
	土培Soil culture	40.00±0.58 a	4.10±0.07 a	401±1 a	78.67±0.08
中华油亮王Zhonghua Youliangwang	砂培Sand culture	40.50±0.29 a	4.00±0.07 b	426±2 b	89.67±0.05
	土培Soil culture	40.50±0.29 a	4.10±0.07 a	435±1 a	83.00±0.05
津绿265 Jinlyu 265	砂培Sand culture	37.50±0.29 a	4.00±0.07 b	355±1 b	91.67±0.08
	土培Soil culture	38.00±0.29 a	4.10±0.07 a	365±1 a	80.67±0.08

品种 Cultivar	栽培方式 Cultivation method	得分Score
品种 Cultivar	栽培方式 Cultivation method	脆嫩度 Crisp tenderness	果皮厚度 Peel thickness	多汁度 Juiciness degree	风味 Flavor
津绿秋亮Jinlyu Qiuliang	砂培Sand culture	4.7	3.8	4.5	4.1
	土培Soil culture	4.0	4.8	4.1	4.9
津绿107 Jinlyu 107	砂培Sand culture	4.8	3.7	4.6	4.0
	土培Soil culture	4.1	4.7	4.1	4.8
津绿2136 Jinlyu 2136	砂培Sand culture	4.8	3.5	4.7	4.1
	土培Soil culture	4.0	4.7	4.0	4.9
中华油亮王Zhonghua Youliangwang	砂培Sand culture	4.8	3.6	4.8	4.2
	土培Soil culture	4.1	4.9	4.1	4.9
津绿265 Jinlyu 265	砂培Sand culture	4.9	3.5	4.9	4.0
	土培Soil culture	4.2	4.6	4.2	4.8

Effects of sand culture and soil culture on growth, yield, and quality of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)

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品种 Cultivar	栽培方式 Cultivation method	单株结果数 Number of fruits per plant	单株产量 Yield per plant/kg	小区产量 Plot yield/kg
津绿秋亮	砂培Sand culture	11.50±0.71 a	4.16±0.04 a	524.16±0.58 a
Jinlyu Qiuliang	土培Soil culture	10.50±0.71 b	4.01±0.03 b	505.26±0.58 b
津绿107	砂培Sand culture	11.00±0.71 a	4.51±0.02 a	568.26±1.15 a
Jinlyu 107	土培Soil culture	10.00±0.71 b	4.20±0.06 b	529.20±0.46 b
津绿2136	砂培Sand culture	10.30±0.57 a	3.91±0.03 a	492.66±0.90 a
Jinlyu 2136	土培Soil culture	9.50±0.57 b	3.81±0.03 a	480.06±2.89 b
中华油亮王	砂培Sand culture	10.50±0.21 a	4.46±0.03 a	563.22±0.70 a
Zhonghua Youliangwang	土培Soil culture	10.20±0.21 a	4.44±0.01 a	559.44±0.83 b
津绿265	砂培Sand culture	10.50±0.21 a	3.73±0.01 a	469.98±0.01 a
Jinlyu 265	土培Soil culture	10.20±0.21 a	3.72±0.04 a	468.72±1.15 a

品种 Cultivar	栽培方式 Cultivation method	矿质元素含量Mineral element content
品种 Cultivar	栽培方式 Cultivation method	Mg	K	Ca	Mn	Fe
津绿秋亮	砂培Sand culture	71.97±4.92 b	1 369.70±93.67 b	120.23±9.98 a	0.27±0.03 a	0.09±0.05
Jinlyu Qiuliang	土培Soil culture	98.57±3.74 a	1 876.08±71.22 a	94.21±1.33 b	0.25±0.02 a	—
津绿107	砂培Sand culture	70.82±1.30 b	1 347.83±15.32 b	76.29±3.28 b	0.27±0.05 a	—
Jinlyu107	土培Soil culture	88.58±1.07 a	1 685.91±20.39 a	89.03±3.74 a	0.26±0.01 a	0.23±0.14
津绿2136	砂培Sand culture	69.85±0.79 b	1 329.34±14.93 b	72.09±3.86 b	0.38±0.03 a	—
Jinlyu2136	土培Soil culture	88.06±1.82 a	1 676.01±34.72 a	81.57±2.19 a	0.36±0.01 a	—
中华油亮王	砂培Sand culture	75.79±1.26 b	1 442.54±23.42 b	99.43±2.09 a	0.57±0.02 a	0.21±0.11
Zhonghua Youliangwang	土培Soil culture	90.08±0.38 a	1 708.20±7.57 a	73.76±7.70 b	0.31±0.01 b	—
津绿265	砂培Sand culture	75.61±3.13 a	1 439.11±59.52 a	117.34±1.79 a	0.29±0.05 a	0.17±0.01 a
Jinlyu 265	土培Soil culture	76.49±2.57 a	1 473.88±48.35 a	94.31±0.66 a	0.34±0.05 a	0.03±0.03 b

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