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    作物科学
    Cultivar evaluation of China southern winter barley trial based on the GGE biplot
    SHANG Yi;JIA Qiao-jun;ZHU Jing-huan;HUA Wei;LIN Feng;WANG Jun-mei;YANG Jian-ming*
    2011, 23(2):  0-202. 
    Abstract ( 1372 )   PDF (53KB) ( 1512 )  
    The cultivar evaluation of China southern winter barley trial using GGE biplot during 2009-2010 was reported. The following questions could be visually addressed from the biplots: the growth performance of each cultivar in a given test site, mean performance and stability of each cultivar, the most favorable environments for a given cultivar, similarity of a pair of cultivars or environments, the difference between a pair of cultivars and the interaction between cultivars and environments. The results on biplot indicated that Supi No.3 was a cultivar with wild adaptability. Graphic assessment of yield\|related trails showed similarity of effective ears and yield was high in the test, and effective ear was the restrictive factor of yield.
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    Effect of different culture conditions on growth and nutritional quality of sweetpotato bud
    YI Shen-yan;LU Guo-quan;*
    2011, 23(2):  0-214. 
    Abstract ( 1190 )   PDF (578KB) ( 1334 )  
    In order to select suitable varieties for sweetpotato bud production, 24 sweetpotato varieties were cultured in dark to produce commercial sweetpotato bud. The quality of sweetpotato bud was identified by taste evaluation method. Effects of different culture substance, light and culture media on growth characteristics and nutritional quality of optimal sweetpotato bud to determine the suitable cultivation methods. The results showed that there were significant differences in growth and nutritional quality among different varieties of sweetpotato bud. Variety Jinyu was the best variety for sweetpotato bud production. Moreover, the optimal culture condition for sweetpotato bud production was on self-made culture media (LD) and in dark.
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    Bioinformatic analysis on bacterial\|type phosphoenolpyruate carboxylase in plants
    GUAN Jing-jing;CHEN Jin-qing;WANG Xiao-fu;*
    2011, 23(2):  0-208. 
    Abstract ( 749 )   PDF (1983KB) ( 1192 )  
    The nucleic acid sequence and amino acid sequence of phosphoenolpyruate carboxylase (PEPC) from eleven plants such as Arabidopsis thaliana, Brassica napus, Glycine max, Arachis hypogaea and Oryza sativa japonica, which were registered in GenBank, were analyzed and predicted by the tools of bioinformatics in the following aspects, mainly including the composition of nucleic acid sequence and amino acid sequence, physical and chemical characters, subcellular localization, hydrophobicity, structure functional domains, motifs search, tertiary structure of protein.
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    Evaluation of resistance to spread of Fusarium head blight in barley and its correlation to agronomic characteristics
    WU Jia-qi;ZHU Jing-huan;WANG Jun-mei;JIA Qiao-jun;LIN Feng;YANG Jian-ming;*
    2011, 23(2):  0-220. 
    Abstract ( 1045 )   PDF (607KB) ( 1286 )  
    The barley resistance to spread of Fusarium head blight and its relation to agronomic characteristics were investigated using single floret injection to 103 barley varieties (lines). The results showed there were significant differences among barley genotypes for the resistance to spread of Fusarium head blight, and 103 identified barley varieties (lines) were categorized into four groups: the barley varieties (lines) high resistant to spread of Fusarium head blight (proportion of scabbed spikelet of zero to 10 %), the moderately resistant (proportion of scabbed spikelet of 10 % to 20 %), the moderately susceptible(proportion of scabbed spikelet of 20 % to 40 %) and the high susceptible (proportion of scabbed spikelet of 40 % to 100 %). The barley resistance to spread of Fusarium head blight was correlative with heading date and plant height inversely at P=0.01, and two\|row varieties (lines) resistance was stronger than that of more than two\|row ones. Fewer varieties (lines) tested were resistant, which accounted for 31.1% of the total, 10 varieties of these with high resistance were Sterling, Metcalfe,Parkhill,ACCA,ND14048,Yuhuanzhuweiba,Jiangshanerlengmai,Huangyanyedamai,Yuqingbiandamai and Shangyuhonhdamai.
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    Comparison of main chemical components of flue-cured tobacco between Yunnan new tobacco growing areas and Zimbabwe
    PANG Tao;LIN Qian;DENG Jian-hua;KONG Guang-hui;ZHANG Xiao-hai;*;LU Xiu-ping
    2011, 23(2):  0-231. 
    Abstract ( 1061 )   PDF (494KB) ( 1137 )  
    The main chemical components of flue-cured tobacco KRK26 between Yunnan new tobacco growing areas(Wenshan, Baoshan, Lincang, Pu'er)and Zimbabwe(Marondera, Chinoy, Bindura)were compared in our study. The results showed that there were significant differences between new tobacco growing areas and Zimbabwe in the content of reducing sugar, chloride, polyphenols, volatile acids, and calcium and pH value. Principal component analysis showed that Puer leaf had higher similarity with Zimbabwe leaf while Wenshan leaf had a little lower similarity with Zimbabwe leaf. Marondera leaf had higher similarity with new tobacco growing areas of Yunnan while Bindura and Chinoy leaf had a little lower similarity with new tobacco growing areas.
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    Filling rate and filling quality characteristics of super-high-yielding wheat
    QIAO Yu-qiang;CAO Cheng-fu;ZHAO Zhu;DU Shi-zhou;ZHANG Yao-lan;LIU Yong-hua;ZHANG Si-hua
    2011, 23(2):  0-225. 
    Abstract ( 1119 )   PDF (505KB) ( 1394 )  
    To explore the grain-filling characteristics and its quality forming of super-high-yield, grain filling rate and quality characteristics of wheat were analyzed through 17 varieties in test. The results showed that in the early filling stage, the grain filling rate of super-high-yield wheat varieties was lower than the conventional varieties. But the grain filling rate was higher of super-high-yield wheat varieties than the conventional ones within 10 days before maturation, which were 1.74 and 1.15 g·d-1 per thousand grains, respectively. Influences of different years on grain-filling characteristics in wheat were quite different, and there was relevance between wheat yield and flour quality in a certain extent. The farinography mass number of testing super-high-yield and conventional varieties were 99.8 and 99.0 on average.
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    Effect of salinity stress on the physiological indexes of barley seedlings
    QIAO Hai-long;CHEN He*;CHEN Jian;SHEN Hui-quan;CHEN Xiao-jing;TAO Hong;ZANG Hui
    2011, 23(2):  0-247. 
    Abstract ( 800 )   PDF (662KB) ( 1316 )  
    Effect of salinity stress on the physiological indexes of barley seedlings was studied. The results showed that the content of soluble sugar and proline in barley shoot increased, and the rate of K+/Na+decreased with increasing of NaCl concentration. The proline content of CM72 was 1.526 μmol·g-1 under 0.6% NaCl stress. There were some differences in soluble sugar content, proline content and the rate of K+/Na+among different barley cultivars under the same concentration of NaCl. With the high synthetic capability to osmotic compounds, CM72 showed great tolerance to salinity stress, Taixing 9425 and Supi 3 followed with it.
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    Effects of low temperature stress on physiological and biochemical characteristics of 20 tobacco cultivars and assessment of their cold tolerance at germination and seedling stages
    MA Wen-guang;CUI Hua-wei;LI Yong-ping;ZHENG Yun-ye;HAN Rui;HU Jin;*
    2011, 23(2):  0-238. 
    Abstract ( 1010 )   PDF (544KB) ( 1295 )  
    The cold tolerance of 20 tobacco cultivars at germination and seedling stages were investigated by determining germination characteristics, seedling physiological and biochemical characteristics at normal temperature (20-30℃) and low temperature (11℃) stress. The ratios (relative values) of traits at low temperature to those at normal temperature were used to assess cold tolerance. The correlation analysis showed that the relative values of germination percentage, germination index, vigor index and malonaldehyde content were significantly correlated to each other, which were suitable for evaluating cold tolerance. By cluster analysis, 20 tobacco cultivars were grouped into three classes: cold tolerance, intermediate cold tolerance and cold sensitivity, and the results were consistent with that of correlation analysis.
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    Variation characteristics and developmental potentials on multiple cropping index of arable land in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River
    JIN Shu-lan;LIU Chun-yan;MAO Duan-qian
    2011, 23(2):  0-243. 
    Abstract ( 1065 )   PDF (541KB) ( 1269 )  
    Based on the statistical data from 1979 to 2007, this paper analyzed the changes of the total area of arable land, crops, grain and the multiple cropping index(MCI) in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River, then calculated the theoretical potential of MCI in each province (municipality) in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River by using the model of the quantitative relationship between the maximum of MCI and the heat and water resources. The results showed that the arable land area, grain sown area and yield, the total sown area of crops and MCI decreased in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River from 1997 to 2007. By reference to the MCI in 2007, the potential of MCI in the area was 108.37%, Zhejiang was the biggest province in this area whose potential of MCI was 160.5%, followed by Hubei (130.7%), Jiangxi (113.0%) and Shanghai (110.6%), and the potential of MCI of other provinces in this place was big too. The decline of MCI made serious influences on food production. The measures of tapping the potential of multiple cropping indexes in this area, improving the level of agricultural mechanization and making innovations to the land system were worth to be used as reference.
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    Application of marker-assisted selection of Xa23 gene in enhancing bacterial leaf blight resistance in rice
    LIU Yan;WANG Yi-chao;FAN Ji-wei;LU Bai-guan;QIN De-rong;WANG Ping;XU Da-yong
    2011, 23(2):  0-251. 
    Abstract ( 887 )   PDF (545KB) ( 1340 )  
    The bacterial leaf blight (BB) resistant gene Xa23 from Zhongye 5112 was introduced into a restorer line Zhongdao 88 and Zhongjing Q-196,which is susceptible to BB by crossing and marker-assisted selection.The Xa23-linked EST marker C189 was used to select Xa23 in the off-spring. Marker-assisted selection (MAS) for Xa23 was performed at booting stages, and followed by conventional selection for agronomic traits at the ripening stage.More than 70 introgression lines that harbored homozygous Xa23 and showed stable agronomic traits were obtained.Forty-four of the introgression lines were subject to BB disease inoculation at the booting stages,and results showed that all the tested lines were resistant to the most destructive Xoo strain PXO 99 (P6). These results clearly suggested that the Xa23-linked marker C189 could be conveniently and effectively used in the BB-resistance breeding programs.
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    植物保护
    Residual dynamics and safe applying technology of chlorpyrifos in pakchoi under greenhouse conditions
    WANG Dao-ze;SHONG Liang;HONG Wen-ying;WU Yan-jun;HONG Kui-xian
    2011, 23(2):  0-348. 
    Abstract ( 1085 )   PDF (614KB) ( 1305 )  
    To determine the changes in residue and environmental safety of chlorpyrifos application on pakchoi under greenhouse conditions, the residue dynamics and final residues of chlorpyrifos in pakchoi was studied by the methods of gas chromatography and field experiment. Meanwhile, a safe application method of the insecticide was explored to provide a guideline for application of chlorpyrifos in field, and to refine and update the residue data while helping to determine the harvest interval. The results showed that the dynamics of chlorpyrifos residue in pakchoi followed first-order kinetic equation, and the half\|life of chlorpyrifos was 1.161-1.438 days. A positive correlation was found between pesticide residue in pakchoi and field dosage of pesticide, the digestion rate of pesticide residue in pakchoi slowed down and the residual quantity increased with the raising pesticide application concentration. With one application of the recommended concentration for chlorpyrifos, the safety interval of chlorpyrifos in pakchoi under greenhouse conditions before harvest should be extended to 14 days, and the quality of the products will meet the minimum requirement level (MRL) of China. It is important to pay more attention to the pesticide concentration, and find the substitute for chlorpyrifos in pakchoi production.
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    动物科学
    Culture of rabbit ESCs-like in vitro
    CHEN Xiao-yu;ZHU Zhi-wei;YU Fu-xian;PAN Jian-zhi*
    2011, 23(2):  0-257. 
    Abstract ( 1075 )   PDF (866KB) ( 1122 )  
    To develop a method of rabbit ESCs\|like (embryonic stem cells like) culture in vitro for obtaining the rabbit ESCs (embryonic stem cells) line in future, not only the rates of inner cell mass (ICM) proliferation, formation and positive alkaline phosphatase (AKP) of the primary rabbit ICM colonies from in vitro and in vivo were comparativly studied on different feeders, but also rabbit ESCs\|like were passage cultured separately on MEF feeder and REF feeder. The results showed that there were significantly higher rates of development and attachment of blastocyst from morula without zona pellucida than that with zona pellucida (P<0.05). The positive AKP rate of primary ICM colonies in ectogenesis blastula was significantly lower than that in vivo(P<0.05). Compared to MEF feeder group, the rate of primary colonies formation was lower remarkably on REF feeder (P >0.05), but the rate of positive AKP of the primary colonies was higher significantly than others (P<0.05). Although ESCs-like could be passage cultured on both of REF and MEF feeders, the rate of ESCs-like colonies formation following F3 in MEF feeder group was higher significantly than that in the REF feeder group (P<0.05).
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    Epidemiological situation of swine porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome in Jinhua
    WANG Hong-yan;MA Yan-feng;YAO Huo-chun;ZHOU Wen-xian
    2011, 23(2):  0-267. 
    Abstract ( 619 )   PDF (1770KB) ( 1236 )  
    The etiology of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome was investigated in some farms in Jinhua. The results showed that the disease incidence of the partial pig farms was up to 43.5% and the mortality rate was up to 89.29%. The mortality rate of piglets reached almost 100%. The dead pigs were dissected and the corresponding lesions were collected, and Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus(PRRSV) was detected and identified with PCR method. Meanwhile, the samples were also identified by porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) in the PCR detection and found there existed mixed infection.
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    Complete sequence determination and analysis of mitochondrial genome of Shaoxing duck
    TU Jian-feng;SI Fang-fang;XING Xiu-mei;XU Jia-ping;YANG Fu-he*
    2011, 23(2):  0-272. 
    Abstract ( 979 )   PDF (420KB) ( 1191 )  
    Using PCR amplification, sequencing and assembling, the complete mitochondrial genome of Shaoxing duck (Anas platyrhychos) was obtained. The full sequence was acquired from 15 primers designed according to close species mitochondrial genome. The entire mitochondrial genome of Shaoxing duck was 16 604 bp in length, which contained 37 genes (13 protein coding genes, 2 rRNA, 22 tRNA) and a non-coding control region (D-loop). The composition of the nucleotides A, T, G, C was 29.20%, 22.19%, 15.78%, 32.83%, respectively. The gene composition and sequence arrangement was similar to other birds, indicating that mitochondrial DNA of bird was more conservative in evolution.
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    Cloning and expression of VP1 gene of Duck hepatitis virus genotype C and preparation of its polyclonal antibody
    ZHAO Li-na;CUI Yan-shun;REN Jian-ting;LI Jian-liang;HUANG Bing;LI Yu-feng;MA Xiu-li;*
    2011, 23(2):  0-262. 
    Abstract ( 1077 )   PDF (737KB) ( 1235 )  
    The VP1 gene of strain JFX08 of Duck hepatitis virus(DHV) genotype C was amplified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). To obtain expression plasmid pET-32a-VP1, the VP1 gene was cloned into pMD18-T and pET-32a(+)vectors. SDS-PAGE analysis revealed that the recombinant VP1 protein of genotype C of Duck hepatitis virus was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) at a high level after being induced with isopropylthio-β-D-galactoside (IPTG) stably. Western-blot revealed that the recombinant protein was recognized specifically by antisera against the genotype C of Duck hepatitis virus. Four-week-old SPF chickens were immunized with the purified recombinant protein. ELISA established by the purified recombinant protein and DHV genotype C revealed that the titer of antiserum was 1∶25 600 and 1∶51 200 respectively, which indicated that the recombinant protein had good immunogenicity.
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    Effects of aqueous extract of Hibiseus sabdarifa L. on biological parameters in injuried primary cultured Carassius auratus gibel hepatocytes induced by t-BHP
    CAO Li-ping;DING Wei-dong;YIN Guo-jun*
    2011, 23(2):  0-277. 
    Abstract ( 1171 )   PDF (940KB) ( 1310 )  
    rimary hepatocytes injury models in vitro were induced by t-BHP in Carassius auratus gibel and treated with aqueous extract of Hibiseus sabdarifa L. by different administration orders. The activities of GPT, MDA, SOD and GSH-PX in cell culture supernatants were measured to study on the protective effects of aqueous extract of Hibiseus sabdarifa L. on acute hepatic injury. The results demonstrated the model of acute liver damage was established by exposing to 1 mmol·L-1 t-BHP for 2 h. Aqueous extract of Hibiseus sabdarifa L. could reduce the injury of liver by increasing the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), restraining the lipid peroxidation production-malondisldehyde (MDA) and inhibit alanine minotransferase (GPT) release (P<0.05 or P<0.01) in supernatant of cultured hepatocytes injured by t\|BHP induction. The results suggested that aqueous extract of Hibiseus sabdarifa L. possessed direct protective effect on primary hepatocyte injury induced by t-BHP and this effect was probably associated with scavenging oxygen free radicals and anti-oxidative activity of CMPS.Meanwhile, the administration orders of aqueous extract of Hibiseus sabdarifa L. and t-BHP influenced the protection. The protective effects of aqueous extract of Hibiseus sabdarifa L. in defense-treatment group (DT) were significantly better than defense group (D) and treatment group (T) from the analysis of biochemical indicators.
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    Analysis of the intestinal bacterial communities in wild Scylla serrata from different districts by PCR-DGGE
    CAI Li-ping;XU Hai-sheng*;HE Lin;SHU Miao-an
    2011, 23(2):  0-282. 
    Abstract ( 709 )   PDF (792KB) ( 1323 )  
    PCR-DGGE of 16S rDNA was used to analyze and compare intestinal microbial communities in wild Scylla serrata from seven different districts. The total DNA of the intestinal bacteria in wild S. serrata was exacted and V3 region of 16S rDNA was amplified with the BV3-F and BV3-R primers. Then, the technology of denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) was used to analyze the amplified fragments. The results showed that there was a high diversity of bacterial community compositions among different samples and the similarity indices were only from 30% to 70%, and even the female and male samples from the same district also showed different diversity and similarity indices. Twelve main bands were discovered in DGGE fingerprint and re\|amplified, sequenced and aligned with Blast. The result showed that the bacteria belonged to three major groups: Proteobacteria, Firmicutes and Anaerorhabdus, and seven of the fragments represented the uncultivated bacteria.
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    园艺科学
    Fruiting characteristics of Castanea mollissima
    LIU Guo-bin;LAN Yan-ping*;YAO Yan-wu;LAN Wei-zong
    2011, 23(2):  0-291. 
    Abstract ( 1096 )   PDF (436KB) ( 1242 )  
    The pollination fruiting characteristics of Castanea mollissmia and effects of parents on seed-setting rate and empty-shell rate were studied in this paper. The results showed that there was great difference in bur-setting rate and bud-dropping rate, and the difference in empty-bur rate, seed-setting rate and the number of nuts per bur was significant among different cross combinations. The highest seed-setting rate was observed in cross combination of Hongli×Hebeiduanfeng, and Xionghuabaiyu×Hebeiduanfeng and Yimengduanzhi×Hebeiduanfeng followed it, Chuizhili×Hebeiduanfeng and Hongli×Chuizhili were the lowest, but the empty-bur rate of which were the highest. The hybrid results were different among different male parents and female parents because of compatibility. The seed-setting rate, empty-bur rate and number of nuts per bur were different among four cross combinations whose male parent was Hebeiduanfeng and two cross combinations whose female parent was Hongli. It was also discovered that there was little relationship between involucre development and nuts in it. According to the results, the better the compatibility between parents, the lower the empty-bur rate and the higher the seed-setting rate. Therefore, the selection of pollination trees with good compatibility showed important significance in practical production of Castanea mollissima.
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    Effect of different organic acids on physiological properties and chemical components in oriental tobacco
    WEN Yu-zhuan;FU Yun-peng;*;TIAN Xiang-hua;HUANG Ruo-ping;YU Xing-zhen;LIU Jian-jun;CUI Hui-min
    2011, 23(2):  0-297. 
    Abstract ( 1085 )   PDF (709KB) ( 1168 )  
    In field test, the influence of malic acid, malonic acid and citric acid on physiological properties and chemical components of oriental\|tobacco was studied in Xinchang, Zhejiang Province in 2009. The results indicated that the three organic acids could obviously promote the growth and development of oriental-tobacco and increase the activities of invertase, sucrose synthase, sucrose phosphate synthase and glutamine synthetase of tobacco leaves in early growing stages. In later growing stage, organic acids could obviously promote the degradation of chlorophyll and promote the maturation of tobacco leaves in time. Meanwhile, the total sugar and potassium content increased and total nitrogen, nicotine and chloridion contents decreased in different degrees in the treatment of organic acids. Thereby, the chemical components in tobacco leaves were coordinated and balanced and the quality of tobacco leaves were improved. Among these three organic acids, the effects of malic acid and malonic acid were better than citric acid.
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    Effect of complex nutrient solution on fruit quality and puffing in full mature harvest Satsusma mandarin fruit
    SUN Jun;CHEN Jun-wei;*;SHI Xue-gen;XU Hong-xia;PANG Qian;ZHANG Lin;XIE Ming
    2011, 23(2):  0-287. 
    Abstract ( 1207 )   PDF (541KB) ( 1214 )  
    Effects of high Ca and full nutritional complex solutions on fruit quality and puffing rate of fruit were studied in developing Satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu cv. Miyagawa Wase)fruit. Before fruit coloring, the ratios of peel to the whole fruit decreased while the ratios of juice sacs to the whole fruit increased with fruit development. During fruit coloring, the ratios of peel to the whole fruit increased slightly, while ratios of juice sacs to the whole fruit had a little decrease. At the stage of full mature harvest, the ratios of peel to the whole fresh fruit reached the lowest value, and the ratios of juice sacs to the whole fresh fruit had the highest value. The ratio of peel to whole fruit in the two complex nutrient solutions treatment fruit was lowered than that in control fruit. In contrary, the ratio of juice sacs to the whole fruit was higher in complex nutrient solutions than that in control fruit. The contents of total soluble solids, glucose, fructose and sucrose also increased in juice sacs of complex nutrient solution treatment, but the treatment of complex nutrient solutions had little effects on titratable acid content. In comparison to the control, the rate of puffing fruit in the treatment of complex nutrient solutions significantly decreased and the puffing index in full nutrient and high\|Ca type solution decreased by 13 and 18 percentage points, respectively. These results showed the application of complex nutrients improved the quality of full mature Satsusma mandarin fruits and inhibited the occurrence of puffing fruit, and added more Ca in the solution resulted in lower puffing fruit rate.
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    Cloning of a putative heat shock protein 90 gene from Spirulina innermongoliansis and construction of three pro-integration expression vector
    ZHOU Bo;LI Bo-sheng*
    2011, 23(2):  0-303. 
    Abstract ( 570 )   PDF (845KB) ( 1169 )  
    Spirulina innermongoliansis is a high quality variety with normal temperature adaptability, which was found in salt lake in Inner Mongolia. Because of its later discovering history, and its special living conditions and other related reasons, S. innermongoliansis have not be widely studied and exploited in molecular genetics. Improving its heat resistance could expand its breeding range and reduce the farming costs. Some researches showed that heat shock protein played an important role in heat resistance of algae. This present study used PCR technology to gain HSP90 gene sequences in S. innermongoliansis, and then analyzed the gene sequence and its encoding protein gene sequence. Meanwhile, according to the genetic transformation of algae, we constructed a three pro\|integration expression vector, whose initiation codon ATG was 6 bp away from HSP90 gene. Three pro-integration expression vector had a cyanobacterial replication origin, a Bom gene, a promoter (BetaP) and a chloramphenicol resistance gene (Cm), which was essential to three pro-integration, then connected the gene HSP90. Therefore, this research was a necessary foundation to gain a new strain of S. innermongoliansis which had a higher heat resistance.
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    Effect of spraying salicylic acid on chilling resistance of Anthurium
    TIAN Dan-qing;GE Ya-ying;LIU Xiao-jing;PAN Gang-min;SHEN Xiao-lan;ZHANG Zhi;YU Yong-ming*
    2011, 23(2):  0-308. 
    Abstract ( 747 )   PDF (666KB) ( 1407 )  
    Anthurium plants were sprayed with 0, 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 mg·L-1 salicylic acid(SA) separately under 25℃ for 1 d, then plants were treated under 6 ℃ for 2 d, and the relative electric conductivity (REC) were determined. The results indicated that REC decreased 20.38% in plants sprayed with 300 mg·L-1 SA compared with controls, and the effect on cold resistance were significant. Plants treated with 300 mg·L-1 SA under 25℃ for 1 d and then 6 ℃ for 2 d were used for the later experiments. The effects of low temperature on REC, malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline content, and activities of catalase (CAT), peroxidases (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were determined. The results showed that SA treatment could decrease REC and MDA content, enhance the accumulation of proline, increase the activities of SOD and CAT, and improve the stability of POD activities. SA treatment could increase the activities of antioxidant enzymes and the content of proline, decrease the reaction of membrane lipid peroxidation and the degree of membrane damage, and enhance the ability of chilling resistance in Anthurium plants.
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    Dynamic changes of mineral nutritious elements in leaves of hazel
    LI Ning;SU Shu-chai;JING Miao;LU Xiao-hui;YANG Chao;TONG Li-wen;LIU Shu-ying;JIANG Li-li
    2011, 23(2):  0-312. 
    Abstract ( 650 )   PDF (418KB) ( 1307 )  
    The dynamic changes of 7 mineral elements in leaves of hazel were studied. The result showed that in three hazel varieties, the content of mineral elements in leaves were similar in Corylus acellana and Corylu heterophyll Fissch × Corylus avellana , but contents of K,Ca,Fe,Cu were lower in Corylu heterophylla Fisch than the other two varieties. Meanwhile, the variation tendencies of the mineral elements contents were similar in all three varieties. The results of correlation analysis showed that there were antagonist relationship between Zn2+ and Mg2+ and Mn2+ and Cu2+ while there were synergic relationship between Mn2+ and Ca2+, K+and Zn2+ and K+and Mn2+.
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    Effect of electron beam on tomato seed germination and growth and development of M1 generation plants
    ZHU Zong-wen;ZHA Ding-Shi;ZHU Wei-min;*;GUO Shi-rong
    2011, 23(2):  0-317. 
    Abstract ( 1057 )   PDF (569KB) ( 1208 )  
    Tomato seeds of cultivar 1479 were irradiated by electron accelerator ESS-010-03 that imported from Japan. The seed germination, seedling emergence, seedling growth conditions and plant growth and development were observed by germination test and field cultivation. We found that electron accelerator treatment had a significant effect on seed germination and growth and development of M1 generation plants. The levels of seed germination and seedling survival rate significantly decreased in the electron beam treatment with the dose of 400 Gy. In the electron beam treatment group, plants grew slowly, height and stem diameter of seedling were lower than the control group. The biomass accumulation of the seedling body increased and root/shoot ratio decreased in the electron accelerator treatment. Compared with the control group, the treatment groups had much more lateral branches and lateral roots. Moreover, electron accelerator showed a significant impact on the reproduction growth of tomato plants.
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    Elementary study on the high effective regeneration system of Salvia Splendens
    LIU Hui;CHEN Yi;ZHAO Hang-ping
    2011, 23(2):  0-323. 
    Abstract ( 1140 )   PDF (728KB) ( 1143 )  
    In order to establish a high effective regeneration system of Salvia Splendens, the effects of different sterilization time of 0.1% HgCl2 (mercuric chloride)on contamination rate and germination rate of seeds and explants including leaf segments, stem segments and stems segments with axillary bud, and the effects of different hormones on callus induction rate and callus differentiation rate of explants were studied. The results showed that 9 min with 0.1% HgCl2 was a ideal explants surface sterilization time, and seeds sterilized with 0.1% HgCl2 for 8 min showed lower contamination rate and higher germination rate. This study also indicated that both leave and stem segments could be induced good calli but whose further adventitious buds differentiation was difficult. While the stem segments with axillary bud could regenerate more young plants and the optimal medium of callus formation was the solid 1/2 MS (Murashige and Skoog) medium with combinations of 1.5 mg·L-1 6-BA (6-benzylaminopurine), 1.0 mg·L-1 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) and 0.2 mg·L-1 NAA (1-naphthaleneacetic acid), the suitable differentiation medium was the solid 1/2 MS medium in combination with 2.0 mg·L-1 6-BA and 0.1 mg·L-1 NAA. In addition, the rooting rate of regenerated shoots was more than 90% in 1/2 MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg·L-1 NAA, and the survival rate of transferred plantlets was up to 80%.
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    植物保护
    Effect of biochemical factors on the spore yields and infection rates of Glomus intraradices
    MA Ji-fang;JIN Hai-ru*;ZHAND De-xing;QI Li-na
    2011, 23(2):  0-343. 
    Abstract ( 1136 )   PDF (607KB) ( 1105 )  
    Effect of biochemical factors on G. intraradices infection rates and spore yields were investigated in pot culture using sorghum (Sorghum vulgare Pers.) as the host plants. The results showed that G. intraradices infection rates and spore yields were significantly improved by biochemical factors in a debita spissitudine of single organic nitrogen and active substance. After the treatments of ammonium tartrate(0.5%), glycine (1%) and root lixivium (2 mL), spore yields of every 160 g sand sample were increased to 382 spores, 302 spores and 328 spores (the control was 155 spores), respectively. After the treatments of glycine (0.5%, 1%), ammonium tartrate (0.5%), ammonium humate (0.5%, 1%, 2%) and root lixivium (2, 3, 5 mL) , G. intraradices infection rates reached 537%, 52.8%, 43.9%, 59.4%, 48.9%, 57.7%, 64.9%, 55.9%, 52.9% (the control was 27.3%), respectively. Single C source (glucose, sucrose) had no influence on G. intraradices spore yields and infection rates. N source plus C source (NH4Cl plus glucose) in the C/N ratio of 4∶1 or 1∶2, spore yields of every 20 g sand sample gave rise to 2 227 spores and 2 458 spores (the control was 157 spores), respectively. While C/N ratio was 1∶2, the infection rates was 2.4% (the control was 19.3%). The ratio of 4∶1 had no remarkable effect. The function characteristics of biochemical factors on the infection rates and spore yields of G.intraradices were different.
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    Detection of P1 protein encoded by Wheat yellow mosaic virus RNA2, using polyclonal antibody raised against prokaryotic expression P1 fusion protein
    XIANG Rong;SUN Li-ying;SUN Bing-jian;CHEN Jian-ping;*
    2011, 23(2):  0-328. 
    Abstract ( 1139 )   PDF (671KB) ( 1350 )  
    The complete cDNA of Wheat yellow mosaic virus(WYMV)P1 gene was obtained by RT-PCR from infected wheat leaves. The sequence analysis showed that P1 gene contained 765 nt, encoding a protein of 255 amino acids (aa) with estimated molecular weight of 28.2 kDa. The fragment of P1 ORF was cloned into prokaryotic expression vector pGEX-6P-1. Subsequently, IPTG-induced GST-P1 fusion protein was purified from E.coli BL21 (DE3). The polyclonal antiserum of WYMV P1 was generated in rabbits by immunizing with purified GST-P1 protein. The quality of the resulting antiserum was examined by ELISA. Western blotting analysis showed that P1 was detected from WYMV infected leaves, but not from purified virus preparation. This result indicated that P1 was not packaged into virus particle and worked as a non structure protein.
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    Effect of sowing/transplanting time on occurrence of main locally-overwintering insect pests and diseases
    ZHU Jin-liang;ZHU Zeng-rong;*;FENG Jin-xiang;CAI Xue-tao;ZHONG Xue-ming;CHENG Jia-an
    2011, 23(2):  0-334. 
    Abstract ( 2703 )   PDF (1700KB) ( 1199 )  
    To elucidate the effect of sowing and transplanting date on the occurrence of locally-overwintering insect pests and disease in Yangtze Delta Rice Production Region, two-year field experiments in transplanted rice fields with 4 sowing-transplanting dates and directly-sown fields with 3 sowing dates were carried out, and the densities of the striped stem borer Chilo suppressalis, the small brown planthopper Laodelphax striatellus and the sheath blight Rhizoctonia solani (Thanatephoris cucumeris) were monitored regularly. The results showed that with the postponing of the sowing/transplanting, the occurrence and injury of these pests on rice significantly decreased in general. Therefore, the sowing date of transplanting rice and directly-sown rice was proposed as late May and early June respectively, as one of the effective management actions, which can avoid the severe occurrence of insect pests and incidences of the sheath blight.
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    Investigation and evaluation on pollution of heavy metals Hg, As, Pb and Cd in three dried edible fungi
    HU Gui-xian;WANG Xiao-li;DONG Xiu-jin;ZHU Jia-hong;ZHANG Yong-zhi;WANG Gang-jun
    2011, 23(2):  0-352. 
    Abstract ( 1159 )   PDF (427KB) ( 1367 )  
    The concentrations of four heavy metal elements Hg, As, Pb and Cd in three kinds of dried edible fungi, Lentinus edodes, Auricularia auricula and Tremella fuciformis sampled in Zhejiang trading market were detected and their pollution situations were investigated and evaluated. The results showed that enrichment abilities to an element were different among three edible fungi. According to an average value of concentrations of As element, the order from high to low in four fungi was Lentinus edodes> Auricularia auricular > Tremella fuciformis. The order from high to low of Pb concentrations was Auricularia auricular > Lentinus edodes > Tremella fuciformis. The order from high to low of Cd concentrations was Lentinus edodes> Tremella fuciformis > Auricularia auricular. The order from high to low of Hg concentrations was Auricularia auricular > Lentinus edodes > Tremella fuciformis. Four heavy metal concentrations were different in one dried edible fungus. In Lentinus edodes, the order from high to low was Cd>As>Pb>Hg, in Auricularia auricular was Pb>As>Cd>Hg and in Tremella fuciformi was Cd>Pb>As>Hg. According to the National Standards of China(Hygienic standard for edible fungi GB 7096-2003, Maximum levels of contaminants in foods GB 2762-2005, nuisanceless food edible fungi NY5095-2006, hygienic standard for tremella fuciformis berk GB 11675-2003), the impermissible levels of Cd in three edible fungi were higher. The metal pollution on three edible fungi by single factor contamination index and complex factors index were evaluated. Finally, the causes of impermissible levels and the pollution situation for heavy metal pollution in dried edible fungi were analyzed. Some advice and suggestion were proposed in this paper.
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    Preliminary study on the harmfulness of nematode (Trilabiatus spp.) in edible mushroom mycelium
    LIU Qi-zhi;LUO Zi-hua;BIAN Yong;LIANG Lin-lin;YANG Dao-wei;TANG Yong
    2011, 23(2):  0-339. 
    Abstract ( 621 )   PDF (792KB) ( 1172 )  
    In order to ascertain the harmfulness of nematode (Trilabiatus spp.) in mushroom production, the effect of nematode on mushroom mycelium growth was carried out in this study. The investigation was given on nematode genera and their quantity in mushroom growing beds and substances (straw and cow dung substrate) from serious mushroom mycelium damaged areas in Qinzhou region of Tianshui City, Gansu Province (in mid and late August, 2006) and in Cangnan County of Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province (in beginning of August, 2009 and February, 2010). The methods of purification of Trilabiatus spp. and their inoculation on slant medium of wood ear mushroom (Auricularia auricular) and button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) were used for the study. The number of Trilabiatus spp. was quite large in the substrate on which the mycelium was damaged seriously. The nematode could propagate in a large number on the two kinds of mushroom mycelium. After inoculated for 2 or 3 weeks, the nematode quantity increased 365 and 208 times, respectively on the mycelium of wood ear mushroomand button mushroom. The symbacteria on the surface of nematode could only accelerate the nematode affecting mycelium growth, but would not damage themselves. The nematodes, Trilabiatus spp. can affect hyphas normal growth, resulting in mycelium of wood ear mushroom and button mushroom becoming dark yellow, black brown and further premature withered.
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    食品科学
    Working mechanisms of Codex India and its inspiration to China
    YU Guo-guang;YANG Gui-ling;ZHANG Zhi-heng;YUAN Yu-wei;YE Xue-zhu;SUN Cai-xia
    2011, 23(2):  0-393. 
    Abstract ( 654 )   PDF (767KB) ( 1100 )  
    With the globalization of economy and trade, as well as concerns of food safety, the importance of Codex Alimentarius Committee (CAC) is increasing. In the developing countries, Codex India is operating quite successfully. In this paper, the organization, working mechanisms, sources of funding and the delegation management of Codex India, etc. were introduced, and some suggestions were put forward to CAC work of China.
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    植物保护
    Impact of typhoon on agricultural production in Zhejiang and defensive measures
    JIN Zhi-feng;WU Yang;JIN Chang-lin;YUAN De-hui;LI Ren-zhong
    2011, 23(2):  0-363. 
    Abstract ( 631 )   PDF (991KB) ( 1421 )  
    The data of typhoon that affect agricultural production and agricultural disaster information in 1949—2008 were statistically analyzed, and the chief climatic characters of typhoon and the variation tendency of each agricultural disaster and the possible impact of typhoon on the major crops in Zhejiang Province were discussed. Furthermore, combined with Zhejiang agricultural production practice, the technical measures though adjusting industrial structure, enhancing the ability to guard against disasters and mitigate their damages, were proposed to scientifically defend the impact of typhoon disaster in order to ensure high and stable yields of agricultural production, which provided a scientific basis for prevention of typhoon disasters.
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    Residue decline and pre-harvest interval of chlorpyrifos mixed with organosilicon surfactants in kidney bean
    ZHU Jin-xing;ZHENG Yong-li;WU Chang-xing;CHEN Li-ping;WU Sheng-gan;ZHAO Xue-ping;*
    2011, 23(2):  0-357. 
    Abstract ( 1130 )   PDF (232KB) ( 1458 )  
    The residue decline and pre\|harvest interval of chlorpyrifos mixed with organosilicon surfactants in kidney beans have been studied. The results showed that the dynamic decline of chlorpyrifos was consistent with a first\|order kinetic equation, and the original residue of chlorpyrifos applied singly was relatively lower in kidney bean, while it was quite different in the residue in kidney bean when treated with chlorpyrifos mixed with different organosilicon surfactants and the residue was higher than single treatment with chlorpyrifos or organosilicon surfactants; however, there were less influence on its degradation rate and half\|life. According to the dynamic degradation equation of chlorpyrifos in kidney beans, the theoretical residues were estimated in different intervals, and the pre-intervals were about 5 days calculated with the reference of foreign standards. Therefore, the conclusion was that the residue of chlorpyrifos in kidney bean when mixed with organosilicon surfactants readily met the requirement of CAC standards, but not EU, U.S.A and Japan.
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    环境科学
    Preliminary study on harmless digestion of biogas slurry by using aquatic plants grown on artificial wetland
    ZHU Feng-xiang;WANG Wei-ping;CHEN Xiao-yang;HONG Chun-lai;WU Chuan-zhen;XUE Zhi-yong*
    2011, 23(2):  0-368. 
    Abstract ( 749 )   PDF (508KB) ( 1331 )  
    The harmless digestion of biogas slurry by water bamboo, lotus root and rice crops on wetland was studied. The results showed that 1 hm2 pond of lotus roots could purify 2 475 t biogas slurry in a whole growth period. The lotus roots harvested from the pond met the standards of NY5238-2005 pollution-free foods of aquatic vegetables. Under the irrigation amount of 495 t·hm-2, the digestion time of water bamboo, lotus root and rice was 7, 7 and 14 d, respectively, which was in accord with the standard of livestock emission standards for livestock farming industry for national GB18596-2001; meanwhile, the control treatment without any plants was 21 d.
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    Comparison of nitrogen and phosphorus purification ability of six aquatic macrophytes under low temperature in winter
    ZHOU Jin-bo;JIN Shu-quan;YAO Yong-ru;CHEN Ruo-xia;*
    2011, 23(2):  0-372. 
    Abstract ( 873 )   PDF (415KB) ( 1316 )  
    Mean purification ability of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) were investigated by using six aquatic macrophytes (Myriophyllum aquaticum, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Iris ptectorum, Iris pseudacorus, Ceratophyllum demersum, Hydrilla verticillata) in the condition of static water. The results showed that: (1)For these six aquatic macrophytes, both Myriophyllum aquaticum and Hydrocotyle vulgaris showed relatively large increase in biomass; Iris ptectorum and Iris pseudacorus were able to keep growing at normal speed with the biomass increase; Ceratophyllum demersum barely showed growth while partial rot was found in Hydrilla verticillata. (2)Relatively significant differences in the purification rates of total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) were found for the six aquatic macrophytes. With the reference to the non-aquatic macrophytes, the effects of Myriophyllum aquaticum, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Iris ptectorum, Iris pseudacorus, Ceratophyllum demersum, Hydrilla verticillata in speeding the purification process of TN were 45.7%, 39.6%, 18.7%, 16.4%, 6.1% and -4.1%, respectively, while for TP, the speeding rates of these six aquatic macrophytes were 31.1%, 30.1%, 16.7%, 9.9%, 3.3% and -2.0%, respectively.(3) Myriophyllum aquaticum and Hydrocotyle vulgaris could be chosen as the possible aquatic macrophytes for various biological projects under the circumstance of low temperature in winter.
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    Application techniques of biogas slurry in production of machine\|transplanted single cropping late rice
    LI Ai-fen;LI Jin;ZHANG Xiao-wei;GONG Xiao-chun
    2011, 23(2):  0-387. 
    Abstract ( 1067 )   PDF (564KB) ( 1206 )  
    An orthogonal experiment, including three treatments of biogas slurry application rate and three combinations of biogas slurry application time, was carried out to study the effects of biogas slurry application rate and time on yield and quality of machine\|transplanted single cropping late rice as well as soil fertility. The results showed that application rate of biogas slurry showed a significant effect on yield of single cropping late rice, but combinations of biogas slurry application time showed no significant effect on rice yield. Application of biogas slurry could significantly improve tillering, and increase earbearing percentage, productive panicle number and spikelet number per panicle. However, over-application of biogas slurry could impact the quality of brown rice. Application of biogas slurry slightly increased the concentrations of Cd and Pb in the grains, but the concentrations of heavy metals in the grain for all treatments were lower than their safety limits. As compared with chemical fertilizer, application of biogas slurry could slightly decrease the quality of soil fertility. It was suggested that the optimum rate of biogas slurry application ranged from 15.5 to 27.7 t· 667m-2(equivalent N of 11.5~20.7 kg·667m-2), and optimum combinations of biogas slurry application time was 3-3-2-2 and 4-2-3-1.
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    Absorption of four antibiotics onto animal manures
    WANG Yang;ZHANG Ming-kui;*
    2011, 23(2):  0-377. 
    Abstract ( 1163 )   PDF (462KB) ( 1315 )  
    Antibiotics was a common veterinary drug used in livestock production, whose addition dosage in feed was large and metabolite rate was low. It passed out from the body mainly through feces. The environments might therefore be exposed to these antibiotics due to the application of animal manure into agricultural land or open storage of untreated manure. The fate and effects of the antibiotics applied in agricultural fields are partly governed by absorption characteristics of the antibiotics. Thus, laboratory studies were conducted to characterize the absorption abilities of four typical antibiotic compounds, oxytetracycline (C22H24N2O9HCl), tylosin(C46H77NO17), enrofloxacin (C19H22FN3O3) and sulfadimidine (C12H14N4O2S), using pig and poultry manures. The results showed that adsorption behaviors were related to species of antibiotics. Oxytetracycline, tylosin, and enrofloxacin were more strongly adsorbed onto manures and colloidal materials than sulfadimidine. Poultry manure had greater capacity to adsorb antibiotics than pig manure. The absorption of the antibiotics to colloidal materials isolated from animal manures was higher than corresponding animal manures. Our experimental results showed that when animal manures were stacked around the farm or were applied into agricultural land, the absorption of sulfadimidine and manures was weaker, and the loss risk with soluble form was larger; however, the loss risk with soluble form of oxytetracycline, tylosin, and enrofloxacin was smaller and they could be washed away with the soil surface runoff in colloid combination state.
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    食品科学
    Review on the risk assessment for pesticide residue in foods
    YUAN Yu-wei;WANG Qiang;ZHU Jia-hong;YANG Gui-ling;SUN Cai-xia;ZHANG Zhi-heng*
    2011, 23(2):  0-399. 
    Abstract ( 1062 )   PDF (655KB) ( 1388 )  
    Risk assessment for pesticide residue in foods is confirmed to be useful for risk management, risk communication and consumer health. The regulations, types and softwares of risk assessment in EU, USA, Japan and other international organization were reviewed. The advantages and disadvantages of each method were also discussed. Based on the current situation of risk assessment in China, some suggestions were proposed to strengthen the coordination among different regulatory agencies, the fundamental study of risk assessment was carried out, and the relevant database for risk assessment was established, which would provide a useful reference for China to carry out the risk assessment of pesticide residue in food.
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    环境科学
    Detection method of unified prepared solution of heavy metal elements in soil
    GAO Li-juan;LIU Shan-jiang;SUN Qin-ping;LI Ji-jin*;LIU Ben-sheng
    2011, 23(2):  0-381. 
    Abstract ( 661 )   PDF (432KB) ( 1319 )  
    According to the status that the content of heavy metals in soil such as cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury, total arsenic, total copper, total zinc and total nickel, could not be determined simultaneously, we developed an accurate and efficient method for uniform detection of eight heavy metals in soil through optimizing the sample preparation, digestion methods and digestion conditions. This method could resolve uniform digestion and determination of eight heavy metal elements, and it was simple, rapid, accurate and less interference. The method was suitable for determination of a large number of soil samples, which could greatly improve the work efficiency.
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    生物系统工程
    Application of wireless sensor network in greenhouses in Zhejiang
    ZHANG Xiao-bin;ZHENG Ke-feng;*;ZHANG Jian-cheng;FANG Zheng-ping
    2011, 23(2):  0-403. 
    Abstract ( 634 )   PDF (785KB) ( 1537 )  
    With focus on current situation and development goal of facility agriculture in Zhejiang Province, Wireless sensor network (WSN) was introduced as a new technology to monitor environment and crops in greenhouses. To meet the application requirement in greenhouses, UNIT WSN was then described based on its communication protocol and technique features. For perspective of precision agriculture, a provincial monitoring system was put forward to serving the production of greenhouses in Zhejiang.
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    Study and application on investigation and grading of land fertility of standard farmland in Zhejiang Province
    REN Zhou-qiao;SHAN Ying-jie;WANG Yu-lei;LU Xiao-nan;*
    2011, 23(2):  0-408. 
    Abstract ( 664 )   PDF (430KB) ( 1537 )  
    Some of established standard farmland in Zhejiang Province did not achieve the standards of high-yield fields due to placing more emphasis on quantity than quality and reconstruction than management. In order to ensure food security, investigation and grading of the established standard farmland was carried out by the agricultural departments in Zhejiang Province. This paper put forward the methods of grading of land fertility and index system for investigation of farmland fertility, and developed a software system for achieving data managing, evaluating and analyzing. The results of investigation showed that the first, second, third standard farmland accounted for 33.2%, 60.7% and 6.1%, respectively. Through testing in the field, evaluation results agreed with the actual production. This work provides a scientific basis for improving the quality of standard farmland in future.
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    Alkalophilicity and genomic library construction of Microbacterium oxydans isolated from an extreme environment
    WU Xiao-dan;LIU Ming;WANG Wei;WAN Juan;LI Ai-ying;*
    2011, 23(2):  0-414. 
    Abstract ( 1186 )   PDF (1080KB) ( 1160 )  
    Extremophiles feature in unusual physiological and biochemical characteristics due to adaptation to their extreme habitats detrimental to the majority of life on earth. Alkalophilic microbes gain greater attentions for scientific research and industrial applications, including the screening of alkalophilic enzymes, identification of novel drug candidates, clarification of the molecular mechanism of their alkalophilicity and characterization of bacterial diversity. Alkalophilic Microbacterium oxydans belonging to microbacteriaceae has been seldom studied. In the present study, A strain of HSL10 isolated from an alkaline lake in Xinjiang and identified previously as Microbacterium oxydans was observed to accumulate characteristic yellow-pigments, showed a rapid growth rate and grew well at a quite wide range of pH with optimal growth at pH 10, indicating that it is an alkalophilic microorganism. Additionally, a genomic library of HSL10 containing 1920 recombinants was constructed for further cloning and functional characterization of interesting genes located on the genome of HSL10.
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    综述
    Advance of RNA interference (RNAi) mechanism and the main proteins in RNAi
    HE Qiong-ji;YAN Fei;CHEN Jian-ping;*
    2011, 23(2):  0-420. 
    Abstract ( 642 )   PDF (878KB) ( 1257 )  
    RNA interference (RNAi) is a process induced by double stranded RNA and regulates the corresponding gene expression and gene silencing at mRNA level. As a conserved mechanism, it functions in kinds of eukaryotes and participates into the development regulation, antivirus defense, genetic damage repair, gene expression regulation and other important processes of life. There are initiation step, effecter step and amplification step in RNAi pathway where Dicer, AGO, RdRP and other proteins function alone or together. Here, we reviewed the advance of RNAi mechanism and functions of the main proteins in RNAi.
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    Research advances on mushroom dietary fiber
    LU Guo-ying;ZHANG Zuo-fa;PAN Hui-juan;FAN Lei-fa*
    2011, 23(2):  0-426. 
    Abstract ( 671 )   PDF (754KB) ( 1326 )  
    Mushrooms have been treated as a potential new source in the development of dietary fiber. Some new research advances on mushroom dietary fiber were briefly reviewed in this paper, involving their composition, bioactivity, preparation methods and modification. Developments were discussed and the future development directions on edible mushroom dietary fiber were also suggested.
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    Recent progress on transport and assimilation of sulfur in plants
    MNEG Ci-fu;JIANG Pei-kun;*;CAO Zhi-hong;XU Qiu-fang;ZHOU Guo-mo
    2011, 23(2):  0-432. 
    Abstract ( 1096 )   PDF (885KB) ( 1755 )  
    Sulfur as the fourth major plant nutrient after N, P and K is an essential element for growth and physiological function plants. Uptake and assimilation of sulfur in plants are of great importance for growth and development, yield and quality, stress tolerance, disease and insect resistance and so on of plants. This paper reviewed recent progress on transport and assimilation of sulfur in plants as well as regulation of sulfate uptake and assimilation channels in plants, and put forward suggestions on the further research direction and keystones.
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