浙江农业学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (10): 1982-1990.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2021.10.22

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

基因编辑技术在水稻抗病基因与育种研究中的应用进展

谭晓菁1,2(), 王忠华1, 吴月燕1, 郑二松2, 徐如梦2, 陈剑平2, 王栩鸣2,*(), 严成其1,3,*()   

  1. 1.浙江万里学院,浙江 宁波 315100
    2.浙江省农业科学院 农产品质量安全危害因子与风险防控国家重点实验室,浙江 杭州 310021
    3.宁波市农业科学研究院,浙江 宁波 315100
  • 收稿日期:2020-06-10 出版日期:2021-10-25 发布日期:2021-11-02
  • 通讯作者: 王栩鸣,严成其
  • 作者简介:王栩鸣,E-mail: xmwang@zaas.ac.cn
    严成其,E-mail: yanchengqi@163.com;
    谭晓菁(1996—),女,浙江湖州人,硕士研究生,主要从事水稻抗病育种研究。E-mail: 1123918571@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0100601);浙江省公益技术研究计划(LGN19C140008);宁波市科技重大项目(2019C02006);宁波市科技重大项目(20160017)

Application progress of gene editing techniques in rice disease-resistant genes and breeding research

TAN Xiaojing1,2(), WANG Zhonghua1, WU Yueyan1, ZHENG Ersong2, XU Rumeng2, CHEN Jianping2, WANG Xuming2,*(), YAN Chengqi1,3,*()   

  1. 1. Zhejiang Wan Li University, Ningbo 315100, China
    2. State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Quality Safety Hazard Factors and Risk Prevention, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021,China
    3. Ningbo Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ningbo 315100,China
  • Received:2020-06-10 Online:2021-10-25 Published:2021-11-02
  • Contact: WANG Xuming,YAN Chengqi

摘要:

水稻是我国重要的粮食作物之一,更是世界上30多亿人的主要食物来源。近几十年,各种病原菌、虫害、气候变化以及其他不利环境因素层出不穷,对全球粮食安全生产构成了严重威胁。对于高产抗病水稻植株的研究需求越发迫切,但传统育种手段过程繁琐复杂、效率不高,因此利用基因编辑技术推进水稻抗病育种进程成为研究重点。其中以CRISPR系统、锌指核酸酶(ZFN)、转录激活样效应因子核酸酶(TALEN)、单碱基编辑系统(BE)和引导编辑系统(PE)等为代表的技术,在对水稻进行高效定点基因编辑,在缩短育种周期,培育综合抗性强的水稻品系方面起到了较大作用,并在基因研究、作物遗传改良等方面展示出了巨大的潜力。本文对基因编辑技术的原理,基因编辑技术的发展,以及基因编辑技术在水稻抗病基因及育种研究中的应用进展进行了综述,并展望了基因编辑技术在抗病育种中的应用前景。

关键词: 基因编辑, 水稻, CRISPR系统, 育种研究

Abstract:

Rice is one of the important food crops in China, and it is also the main food source for more than 3 billion people in the world. In recent decades, crop disease caused by various plant pathogens, climate change and other environmental problems seriously threaten global food security. There is an urgent need for rice plants with high yield and disease resistance, but the traditional breeding methods are complicated and inefficient. On the other hand, the numerous emerging gene editing techniques, such as CRISPR, zinc-finger nuclease (ZFN), transcription activator-like effector nuclease (TALEN), base editing (BE) and prime editing (PE), have shown great potential to accelerate rice breeding with increased yield, quality and disease resistance. They are also useful tools of fundamental research of gene function. In this review, we summarized the principles and developments of gene editing technologies, and their application progresses in rice disease resistance genes mining and breeding. Finally, we discussed the prospective applications of gene editing technologies in rice breeding for disease resistance.

Key words: gene editing, rice, CRISPR system, breeding research

中图分类号: