安徽省小麦品质性状分析与评价

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2022.10.01

浙江农业学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (10): 2079-2087.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2022.10.01

安徽省小麦品质性状分析与评价

张琪琪¹^,²(), 万映秀¹^,², 曹文昕¹^,², 李炎¹^,², 刘方方¹^,², 李耀¹^,², 张平治¹^,²

1.安徽省农业科学院作物研究所,安徽合肥 230031
2.农作物品质改良安徽省重点实验室,安徽合肥 230031

收稿日期:2021-08-20 出版日期:2022-10-25 发布日期:2022-10-26
作者简介:张琪琪(1982—),女,安徽凤台人,硕士,助理研究员,主要从事小麦遗传育种与品质改良研究。E-mail: zhqq1982@126.com
基金资助:
安徽省科技重大专项(202003a06020010);国家小麦产业技术体系合肥综合试验站(CARS-03-76)

Analysis and evaluation of wheat quality traits in Anhui Province, China

ZHANG Qiqi¹^,²(), WAN Yingxiu¹^,², CAO Wenxin¹^,², LI Yan¹^,², LIU Fangfang¹^,², LI Yao¹^,², ZHANG Pingzhi¹^,²

1. Crop Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
2. Anhui Key Laboratory of Crop Quality Improvement, Hefei 230031, China

Received:2021-08-20 Online:2022-10-25 Published:2022-10-26

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为准确掌握安徽省小麦品质状况,对品种布局进行探索性研究,特开展安徽省主产区小麦品质抽样、检测工作,对品质性状及区域、年度间差异进行分析和评价。结果表明:从单项指标的变异情况来看,容重达标比例最高,且区域间、年度间变异系数均较小;籽粒蛋白质含量、吸水率、硬度等指标均有58%以上的比例可以达到中强筋标准,籽粒蛋白质含量达到强筋的比例较低。综合指标中,达到中筋小麦标准的样品数量最多,达到优质中强筋以上标准的样品比例仅为13.7%,达到弱筋小麦标准的样品比例不足0.6%。各年度间达标样品数量以2019年最多。达到中强筋标准的样品主要集中在安徽省宿州市、阜阳市、亳州市和淮北市、滁州市等沿淮淮北麦区;达到弱筋小麦标准的样品分别来自阜南县和长丰县。

关键词: 安徽省, 小麦, 蛋白质含量, 稳定时间, 品种布局

Abstract:

In order to accurately grasp and preliminary inquiry the quality status of wheat in Anhui Province, the sampling and testing of wheat quality in the main producing areas of Anhui Province were carried out, and the quality traits and regional and annual differences were analyzed and evaluated. The results showed that: from the variation of single quality index, the proportion of bulk density reaching the standard was the highest, and the inter-regional and inter-annual variation coefficients were small. More than 58% of the grain protein content, water absorption and hardness could reach the standard of medium strong gluten, while the proportion of grain protein content to strong gluten was low. Among the comprehensive indexes, the number of samples meeting the standard of medium gluten wheat was the largest, the proportion of samples meeting the standard of high quality medium and strong gluten was only 13.7%, and the proportion of samples meeting the standard of weak gluten wheat was less than 0.6%.The number of qualified samples in each year was the largest in 2019.The samples that meeting the standard of medium gluten wheat were mainly concentrated in Suzhou, Fuyang, Bozhou, Huaibei and Chuzhou of Anhui Province, while the samples that meeting the standard of weak gluten wheat were from Funan and Changfeng of Anhui Province.

Key words: Anhui Province, wheat, protein content, stability time, variety distribution

中图分类号:

S512.1

张琪琪, 万映秀, 曹文昕, 李炎, 刘方方, 李耀, 张平治. 安徽省小麦品质性状分析与评价[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2022, 34(10): 2079-2087.

ZHANG Qiqi, WAN Yingxiu, CAO Wenxin, LI Yan, LIU Fangfang, LI Yao, ZHANG Pingzhi. Analysis and evaluation of wheat quality traits in Anhui Province, China[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2022, 34(10): 2079-2087.

图/表 4

参考文献 18

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市别 City	数量 Quantity	县(市、区)/份数 County (city, district)/Quantity
合肥市Hefei	7	长丰县Changfeng/7
淮北市Huaibei	27	濉溪县Suix/25、烈山区Lieshan/2
亳州市Bozhou	53	谯城区Jiaocheng/13、蒙城县Mengcheng/20、涡阳县Woyang/9、利辛县Lixin/11
宿州市Suzhou	70	灵璧县Lingbi/16、埇桥区Yongqiao/19、泗县Sixian/18、萧县Xiaoxian/9、砀山县Dangshan/8
阜阳市Fuyang	57	太和县Taihe/13、临泉县Linquan/17、界首市Jieshou/2、阜南县Funan/9、颍上县Yingshang/4、颍泉区Yingquan/7、颍东区Yingdong/2、颍州区Yingzhou/3
蚌埠市Bengbu	40	怀远县Huaiyuan/19、固镇县Guzhen/13、五河县Wuhe/8
滁州市Chuzhou	43	天长市Tianchang/11、明光市Mingguang/10、凤阳县Fengyang/12、定远县Dingyuan/10
六安市Lu’an	13	霍邱县Huoqiu/6、金安区Jin’an/4、裕安区Yu’an/3
淮南市Huainan	26	凤台县Fengtai/12、潘集区Panji/5、寿县Shouxian/9

市别 City	数量 Quantity	县(市、区)/份数 County (city, district)/Quantity
合肥市Hefei	7	长丰县Changfeng/7
淮北市Huaibei	27	濉溪县Suix/25、烈山区Lieshan/2
亳州市Bozhou	53	谯城区Jiaocheng/13、蒙城县Mengcheng/20、涡阳县Woyang/9、利辛县Lixin/11
宿州市Suzhou	70	灵璧县Lingbi/16、埇桥区Yongqiao/19、泗县Sixian/18、萧县Xiaoxian/9、砀山县Dangshan/8
阜阳市Fuyang	57	太和县Taihe/13、临泉县Linquan/17、界首市Jieshou/2、阜南县Funan/9、颍上县Yingshang/4、颍泉区Yingquan/7、颍东区Yingdong/2、颍州区Yingzhou/3
蚌埠市Bengbu	40	怀远县Huaiyuan/19、固镇县Guzhen/13、五河县Wuhe/8
滁州市Chuzhou	43	天长市Tianchang/11、明光市Mingguang/10、凤阳县Fengyang/12、定远县Dingyuan/10
六安市Lu’an	13	霍邱县Huoqiu/6、金安区Jin’an/4、裕安区Yu’an/3
淮南市Huainan	26	凤台县Fengtai/12、潘集区Panji/5、寿县Shouxian/9

年度 Year	总样品数 Total number of samples	容重 Bulk density			千粒重 Thousand kernel weight			硬度指数 Hardness index			蛋白质含量 Protein content
年度 Year	总样品数 Total number of samples	均值 Means/g	变化范围 Range/g	CV/%	均值 Means/g	变化范围 Range/g	CV/%	均值 Means	变化范围 Range/g	CV/%	均值 Means/%	变化范围 Range/%	CV/%
2011	80	796	756~830	2.2	39.6	31.5~50.3	9.5	50.1	15.9~74.0	33.5	13.6	10.1~17.1	8.5
2015	62	796	721~842	3.2	41.6	31.8~51.2	10.4	49.2	9.7~73.5	37.1	11.7	11.0~13.0	3.4
2016	56	781	711~825	3.5	38.9	32.2~45.5	8.5	48.2	10.4~73.8	36.9	13.6	11.5~16.0	8.2
2018	62	788	734~839	2.9	39.8	33.2~47.3	7.6	55.5	13.0~85.3	34.4	14.5	11.7~16.8	7.5
2019	76	807	755~849	2.6	43.4	36.1~49.9	7.1	55.3	16.0~80.0	31.3	13.6	9.1~17.0	9.6
平均 Average	336	794	711~849	2.9	40.7	31.5~51.2	8.6	51.7	9.7~85.3	34.6	13.4	9.1~17.0	7.4

年度 Year	总样品数 Total number of samples	容重 Bulk density			千粒重 Thousand kernel weight			硬度指数 Hardness index			蛋白质含量 Protein content
年度 Year	总样品数 Total number of samples	均值 Means/g	变化范围 Range/g	CV/%	均值 Means/g	变化范围 Range/g	CV/%	均值 Means	变化范围 Range/g	CV/%	均值 Means/%	变化范围 Range/%	CV/%
2011	80	796	756~830	2.2	39.6	31.5~50.3	9.5	50.1	15.9~74.0	33.5	13.6	10.1~17.1	8.5
2015	62	796	721~842	3.2	41.6	31.8~51.2	10.4	49.2	9.7~73.5	37.1	11.7	11.0~13.0	3.4
2016	56	781	711~825	3.5	38.9	32.2~45.5	8.5	48.2	10.4~73.8	36.9	13.6	11.5~16.0	8.2
2018	62	788	734~839	2.9	39.8	33.2~47.3	7.6	55.5	13.0~85.3	34.4	14.5	11.7~16.8	7.5
2019	76	807	755~849	2.6	43.4	36.1~49.9	7.1	55.3	16.0~80.0	31.3	13.6	9.1~17.0	9.6
平均 Average	336	794	711~849	2.9	40.7	31.5~51.2	8.6	51.7	9.7~85.3	34.6	13.4	9.1~17.0	7.4

年度 Year	湿面筋含量Wet gluten content/%			吸水率 Water absorption/%			稳定时间 Stability time
年度 Year	均值 Means	变化范围 Range	CV	均值 Means	变化范围 Range	CV	均值 Means/min	变化范围 Range/min	CV/%
2011	30.9	16.0~41.9	14.6	57.7	50.1~67.8	6.9	4.5	1.1~12.4	58.0
2015	21.9	18.7~58.2	31.1	54.9	45.3~60.4	5.3	5.6	1.1~14.6	58.5
2016	27.7	21.1~37.1	15.1	59.1	53.3~65.6	4.5	6.5	1.1~22.0	75.6
2018	31.3	23.2~36.6	9.6	61.7	52.8~68.0	6.0	6.2	0.8~23.3	82.7
2019	28.6	15.6~39.5	14.7	62.4	52.2~73.0	7.1	5.5	0.2~17.3	56.4
平均Average	28.1	15.6~58.2	17.0	59.2	45.3~73.0	6.0	5.7	0.2~23.3	66.2

安徽省小麦品质性状分析与评价

Analysis and evaluation of wheat quality traits in Anhui Province, China

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市 City	县(市、区) County (city, district)	容重 Bulk density/ (g·L^-1)	千粒重 Thousand kernel weight/g	硬度指数 Hardness index	粗蛋白质含量 Protein content/%		湿面筋含量 Wet gluten content/%	吸水率 Water absorption/%	稳定时间 Stability time/min
蚌埠	固镇Guzhen	793	39.7	64	13.0		30.1	59.6	5.5
Bengbu	变幅Range	784~804	37.5~42.3	53~76	11.6~14.6		26.9~33.0	56.5~64.2	2.8~10.8
	变异系数CV/%	1.2	5.0	16.6	9.5		9.8	6.2	68.2
	怀远Huaiyuan	793	41.5	64	12.9		27.8	61.8	4.3
	变幅Range	781~817	40.3~42.1	53~82	11.9~14.0		25.1~29.0	59.6~62.9	2.7~5.6
	变异系数CV/%	2.0	2.0	21.6	6.9		9.9	2.5	32.0
	五河Wuhe	810	39.1	65	12.1		25.2	59.9	9.1
	变幅Range	800~828	35.0~43.8	64~66	11.5~12.7		24.1~25.9	56.7~64.0	3.8~14.2
	变异系数CV/%	1.9	11.3	1.7	5.0		3.8	6.2	57.2
亳州	利辛Lixin	797	40.3	58	12.9		31.9	56.0	4.6
Bozhou	变幅Range	791~802	37.7~42.9	43~74	11.5~14.3		29.2~34.5	54.2~57.7	3.7~5.5
市 City	县(市、区) County (city, district)	容重 Bulk density/ (g·L^-1)	千粒重 Thousand kernel weight/g	硬度指数 Hardness index		粗蛋白质含量 Protein content/%	湿面筋含量 Wet gluten content/%	吸水率 Water absorption/%	稳定时间 Stability time/min
	变异系数CV/%	1.0	9.1	37.9		15.3	11.7	4.4	27.7
	蒙城Mengcheng	794	39.9	62		13.6	31.0	59.6	7.6
	变幅Range	790~796	38.7~42.6	49~76		11.4~15.1	29.6~32.5	55.1~64.9	4.6~9.9
	变异系数CV/%	0.3	4.6	23.3		11.7	4.1	6.9	31.9
	谯城Qiaocheng	796	41.7	60		13.2	32.5	58.2	6.3
	变幅Range	768~811	38.6~44.9	52~75		11.7~13.9	31.8~33.6	55.8~60.2	2.9~9.5
	变异系数CV/%	3.1	7.6	22.0		9.6	2.9	3.8	52.4
	涡阳Woyang	804	42.9	54		13.2	35.5	59.1	6.5
	变幅Range	788~820	42.3~43.5	52~55		11.9~14.5	31.1~39.9	56.3~61.9	5.7~7.2
	变异系数CV/%	2.8	2.0	3.0		13.9	17.5	6.7	16.3
滁州	定远Dingyuan	792	39.3	45		13.2	27.9	56.5	3.2
Chouzhou	变幅Range	765~820	36.6~43.8	33~66		11.8~13.9	23.9~30.5	54.2~59.2	1.8~4.5
	变异系数CV/%	2.9	8.1	34.8		7.0	10.1	4.6	38.2
	凤阳Fengyang	788	38.9	57		13.0	29.7	59.8	4.2
	变幅Range	758~813	35.9~42.6	44~75		12.0~13.7	26.2~36.3	54.2~66.1	3.0~5.4
	变异系数CV/%	2.5	7.1	21.4		4.8	13.0	7.1	25.3
	明光Mingguang	796	40.6	59		13.1	28.6	58.5	4.6
	变幅Range	777~816	38.5~42.0	46~75		11.8~14.5	25.2~32.7	55.8~60.4	2.3~6.2
	变异系数CV/%	2.4	3.7	23.4		10.0	11.0	3.3	35.9
	天长Tianchang	795	41.7	68		14.8	30.2	63.7	7.4
	变幅Range	782~804	37.1~48.7	52~80		13.6~15.6	27.0~32.2	57.1~70.3	3.5~12.2
	变异系数CV/%	1.2	12.2	17.7		5.8	7.9	9.5	52.1
阜阳	阜南Funan	758	42.4	36		13.5	26.6	58.8	2.9
Fuyang	变幅Range	736~789	37.1~45.5	19~56		12.4~14.0	23.8~30.1	53.9~64.3	0.9~6.9
	变异系数CV/%	3.0	8.8	49.7		5.5	11.8	7.7	93.8
	临泉Lingquan	779	41.5	55		13.7	31.5	58.7	6.7
	变幅Range	732~797	38.5~44.5	34~71		12.1~14.9	30.6~32.4	55.3~62.4	5.3~8.2
	变异系数CV/%	4.0	7.0	28.1		8.5	2.4	5.5	20.0
	颍东Yingdong	808	43.8	44		12.2	26.9	58.2	7.4
	变幅Range	805~811	41.3~46.2	23~66		11.4~12.9	26.8~27.0	52.1~64.2	4.6~10.1
	变异系数CV/%	0.5	7.9	69.0		8.7	0.5	14.7	52.6
	颍泉Yingquan	803	43.3	45		14.5	32.1	58.3	9.0
	变幅Range	774~831	37.2~47.3	25~77		14.2~15.0	30.4~33.6	55.8~60.0	6.6~13.8
	变异系数CV/%	3.5	12.4	60.3		3.2	5.0	3.8	45.9
	颍上Yingshang	807	41.2	46		12.6	26.1	59.7	3.6
	变幅Range	794~820	37.2~45.2	46~47		12.5~12.7	25.2~26.9	58.1~61.2	2.5~4.6
	变异系数CV/%	2.3	13.7	1.2		1.1	4.6	3.7	41.2
	颍州Yingzhou	815	43.8	59		12.7	28.1	55.3	7.8
	变幅Range	810~820	40.9~46.7	24~35		11.7~13.7	26.9~29.3	52.0~58.6	6.4~9.1
	变异系数CV/%	0.9	9.4	13.3		11.1	6.0	8.4	24.5
	界首Jieshou	835	44.1	71		13.6	29.8	64.0	7.8
	变幅Range	/	/	/		/	/	/	/
	变异系数CV/%	/	/	/		/	/	/	/
	太和Taihe	798	41.1	56		14.2	32.2	58.5	4.7
	变幅Range	786~813	39.8~42.6	27~74		13.9~15.1	30.6~33.5	52.8~64.6	2.8~7.9
	变异系数CV/%	1.7	3.4	45.2		5.3	4.6	10.1	58.8
合肥Hefei	长丰Changfeng	789	40.9	31		13.2	31.0	56.1	3.5
	变幅Range	767~803	38.6~43.9	25~36		11.8~14.7	24.5~34.2	49.3~60.0	1.8~6.0
	变异系数CV/%	2.2	5.5	15.2		12.0	14.2	8.5	52.5
淮北	濉溪Suixi	806	41.9	59		13.5	32.7	60.2	7.3
Huaibei	变幅Range	782~832	39.9~45.4	52~66		11.8~15.2	27.4~42.1	58.5~62.3	3.9~11.0
市 City	县(市、区) County (city, district)	容重 Bulk density/ (g·L^-1)	千粒重 Thousand kernel weight/g	硬度指数 Hardness index	粗蛋白质含量 Protein content/%		湿面筋含量 Wet gluten content/%	吸水率 Water absorption/%	稳定时间 Stability time/min
	变异系数CV/%	2.5	7.0	12.0	10.3		20.7	2.7	45.4
	烈山Lieshan	812	43.7	64	14.0		28.9	64.5	5.2
	变幅Range	/	/	/	/		/	/	/
	变异系数CV/%	/	/	/	/		/	/	/
淮南	凤台Fengtai	786	38.6	61	12.7		26.3	60.9	3.2
Huainan	变幅Range	764~815	34.0~42.3	57~68	12.1~13.1		24.4~27.3	56.2~64.0	1.6~3.9
	变异系数CV/%	2.8	8.9	8.8	3.3		4.9	5.7	33.2
	潘集Panji	780	37.9	67	12.3		25.0	57.8	3.7
	变幅Range	763~797	32.9~41.5	59~79	11.5~12.9		21.2~27.7	54.0~62.9	1.5~5.9
	变异系数CV/%	2.4	9.5	12.8	5.0		12.8	6.4	48.6
	寿县Shouxian	802	41.2	50	12.5		27.1	57.4	3.4
	变幅Range	770~823	36.6~47.4	28~72	10.6~13.8		21.6~32.7	54.9~60.2	1.3~5.7
	变异系数CV/%	2.8	10.9	40.5	11.8		17.7	4.6	56.8
六安Lu’an	霍邱Huoqiu	797	41.8	54	13.4		27.0	61.9	5.8
	变幅Range	786~813	38.6~45.9	47~64	12.7~13.9		23.4~28.8	59.1~66.1	1.5~11.6
	变异系数CV/%	1.8	9.0	16.1	4.6		11.4	6.0	89.9
	金安Jin’an	768	37.5	45	14.1		29.3	57.8	6.6
	变幅Range	762~776	35.7~38.5	32~53	11.7~16.8		27.0~33.8	55.0~60.6	5.2~8.5
	变异系数CV/%	0.9	4.2	26.3	18.1		13.3	4.8	26.1
	裕安Yu’an	761	37.7	43	14.9		31.0	61.6	2.6
	变幅Range	727~811	35.2~40.9	20~71	14.4~15.2		24.2~35.1	59.5~62.9	1.6~3.9
	变异系数CV/%	5.8	7.8	59.5	3.1		19.2	3.0	44.9
宿州	砀山Dangshan	804	44.5	58	12.8		31.5	59.5	4.6
Suzhou	变幅Range	785~821	42.3~46.6	41~72	11.1~13.9		27.7~34.5	57.5~61.6	3.1~6.0
	变异系数CV/%	2.2	4.8	26.9	11.8		11.1	3.5	31.6
	灵璧Lingbi	795	39.2	50	13.2		30.0	58.4	6.1
	变幅Range	775~823	35.1~45.2	39~63	12.1~14.2		28.5~31.6	52.4~64.0	4.4~7.2
	变异系数CV/%	3.0	11.1	22.7	6.8		5.0	8.2	19.6
	泗县Sixian	785	40.8	46	13.2		29.8	56.7	6.1
	变幅Range	768~797	38.0~43.5	26~77	12.3~14.0		27.1~33.0	52.5~61.6	4.8~7.5
	变异系数CV/%	1.7	5.3	47.5	5.5		8.8	6.0	16.1
	萧县Xiaoxian	805	42.5	51	13.6		31.7	58.6	5.0
	变幅Range	783~820	37.2~46.0	32~74	11.0~15.2		27.0~35.6	56.2~60.9	3.1~7.3
	变异系数CV/%	2.0	8.8	34.6	13.5		11.6	3.9	35.4
	埇桥Yongqiao	798	39.8	65	13.4		31.8	59.6	6.5
	变幅Range	776~820	36.9~42.0	59~73	11.7~15.1		27.8~33.7	54.8~64.9	3.6~9.3
	变异系数CV/%	2.4	5.3	10.0	11.2		8.7	7.3	36.7

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