外源6-BA和KH2PO4对花后受渍小麦根系抗氧化酶和无氧呼吸酶活性的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20221487

浙江农业学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (10): 2275-2285.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20221487

外源6-BA和KH₂PO₄对花后受渍小麦根系抗氧化酶和无氧呼吸酶活性的影响

耿兵婕¹(), 叶苗苗¹, 陈研¹, 王孟昌¹, 马尚宇¹^,²^,^*(), 黄正来¹^,², 张文静¹, 樊永惠¹

1.安徽农业大学农学院,农业农村部黄淮南部小麦生物学与遗传育种重点实验室,安徽合肥 230036
2.江苏省现代作物生产协同创新中心,江苏南京 210095

收稿日期:2022-10-25 出版日期:2023-10-25 发布日期:2023-10-31
作者简介:耿兵婕(1998—),女,河南焦作人,硕士研究生,研究方向为小麦高产优质栽培理论与技术。E-mail: G306000@163.com
通讯作者: ^*马尚宇,E-mail: msyly22@163.com
基金资助:
安徽省高等学校科学研究项目(2022AH050906);国家自然科学基金(31801287)

Effects of exogenous 6-BA and KH₂PO₄ on antioxidant enzymes and anaerobic respiratory enzymes activities in wheat roots under waterlogging at post-flowering stage

GENG Bingjie¹(), YE Miaomiao¹, CHEN Yan¹, WANG Mengchang¹, MA Shangyu¹^,²^,^*(), HUANG Zhenglai¹^,², ZHANG Wenjing¹, FAN Yonghui¹

1. Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Breeding in Southern Huanghuai, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
2. Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Crop Production, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210095, China

Received:2022-10-25 Online:2023-10-25 Published:2023-10-31

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为研究不同外源修复物质对受渍小麦根系生长发育的影响,以扬麦18为材料,在开花期设置渍水9 d(W9)和正常灌溉(W0)处理,两处理分别叶面喷施蒸馏水(T0)、0.01 mmol·L^-1 6-BA(T1)、0.3% KH₂PO₄(T2)、0.01 mmol·L^-1 6-BA和0.3% KH₂PO₄复配溶液(T3),研究不同外源物质对小麦根系抗氧化酶和无氧呼吸酶活性的影响。结果表明,W0条件下,喷施0.3% KH₂PO₄和0.01 mmol·L 6-BA可以改善根系中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、乙醇脱氢酶(ADH)活性,提高小麦千粒重,进而提高产量;W9处理中,小麦0~60 cm土层根系中SOD、ADH、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性均有不同程度降低,而POD活性、丙二醛(MDA)含量显著提高,而喷施0.3% KH₂PO₄和0.01 mmol·L 6-BA显著提高了各土层根系SOD、ADH、LDH活性,降低POD活性和MDA含量,其中,喷施0.01 mmol·L^-1 6-BA和0.3% KH₂PO₄复配剂显著提高了小麦根系抗氧化能力和无氧呼吸能力,其成熟期千粒重和产量分别比渍水处理提高23.34%、37.43%。

关键词: 小麦, 根系, 渍水, 抗氧化酶, 无氧呼吸酶

Abstract:

To investigate the effects of different exogenous substances on the growth and development of root system in waterlogged wheat plants, the cultivar Yangmai 18 was used as the experimental material. The plants were subjected to either waterlogging treatment for 9 days (W9) or normal irrigation (W0) during the flowering stage. Different exogenous substances were sprayed on the foliage, including distilled water (T0), 0.01 mmol·L^-1 6-BA (T1), 0.3% KH₂PO₄ (T2), and a mixture of 0.01 mmol·L^-1 6-BA and 0.3% KH₂PO₄ (T3). The effects of these exogenous substances on the activities of antioxidant enzymes and anaerobic respiratory enzymes in wheat root system were studied. The results showed that under W0 conditions, foliar application of 0.3% KH₂PO₄ and 0.01 mmol·L^-1 6-BA could improve the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) in the root system, increase the 1 000-grain weight of wheat, and ultimately enhance the yield. Under W9 treatment, the activities of SOD, ADH, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the wheat root system in the 0-60 cm soil layer were significantly reduced to varying degrees, while the activity of POD and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) were significantly increased. However, the application of 0.3% KH₂PO₄ and 0.01 mmol·L^-1 6-BA significantly increased the activities of SOD, ADH, and LDH in the root system in each soil layer, reduced the activity of POD and the content of MDA. In particular, the combination of 0.01 mmol·L^-1 6-BA and 0.3% KH₂PO₄ significantly improved the antioxidant capacity and anaerobic respiration capacity of the wheat root system, resulting in 23.34% and 37.43% increase in 1 000-grain weight and yield compared to the waterlogged treatment.

Key words: wheat, root, waterlogging, antioxidant enzyme, anaerobic respiratory enzyme

中图分类号:

S512.1

耿兵婕, 叶苗苗, 陈研, 王孟昌, 马尚宇, 黄正来, 张文静, 樊永惠. 外源6-BA和KH₂PO₄对花后受渍小麦根系抗氧化酶和无氧呼吸酶活性的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2023, 35(10): 2275-2285.

GENG Bingjie, YE Miaomiao, CHEN Yan, WANG Mengchang, MA Shangyu, HUANG Zhenglai, ZHANG Wenjing, FAN Yonghui. Effects of exogenous 6-BA and KH₂PO₄ on antioxidant enzymes and anaerobic respiratory enzymes activities in wheat roots under waterlogging at post-flowering stage[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2023, 35(10): 2275-2285.

图/表 8

图1 2020年11月至2021年5月试验基地月降水量和月平均气温 11月、12月为2020年;1、2、3、4、5月为2021年。

Fig.1 Monthly precipitation and temperature at the experiment site from November 2020 to May 2021 November and December were in 2020; January, February, March, April and May were in 2021.

图2 不同处理条件下小麦根系SOD活性数据以鲜重计。柱上无相同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)。下同。

Fig.2 SOD activity of wheat roots under different treatments Data was detected based on fresh weight. Data marked without the same lowercase letter indicated significant differences at P<0.05. The same as below.

图3 不同处理条件下小麦根系MDA含量

Fig.3 MDA content of wheat roots under different treatments

图4 不同处理条件下小麦根系POD活性

Fig.4 POD activity of wheat roots under different treatments

图5 不同处理条件下小麦根系PDC活性

Fig.5 PDC activity of wheat roots under different treatments

图6 不同处理条件下小麦根系LDH活性

Fig.6 LDH activity of wheat roots under different treatments

图7 不同处理条件下小麦根系ADH活性

Fig.7 ADH activity of wheat roots under different treatments

表1 不同处理条件下小麦产量及其构成因素

Table 1 Yield and yield components of wheat under different treatments

处理	每管穗数	穗粒数	千粒重	每管产量	产量修复率
Treatment	Ear number per pipe	Grains per spike	1 000-grain weight/g	Yield per pipe/g	Yield recovery rate/%
W0T0	9.55 a	47.54 a	35.84 c	13.51 b	—
W0T1	9.61 a	49.09 a	41.86 b	16.39 a	—
W0T2	9.50 a	47.70 a	42.92 ab	16.14 a	—
W0T3	9.25 a	48.71 a	44.68 a	16.71 a	—
W9T0	9.75 a	44.72 a	27.94 c	9.27 c	—
W9T1	9.50 a	43.29 a	33.31 b	11.70 b	26.21
W9T2	9.53 a	44.68 a	32.62 b	11.89 b	28.26
W9T3	9.25 a	45.30 a	34.46 a	12.74 a	37.43

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外源6-BA和KH₂PO₄对花后受渍小麦根系抗氧化酶和无氧呼吸酶活性的影响

Effects of exogenous 6-BA and KH₂PO₄ on antioxidant enzymes and anaerobic respiratory enzymes activities in wheat roots under waterlogging at post-flowering stage

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