嗜热菌筛选及其促进沼渣和虫粪共堆肥的效果

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2023.03.18

浙江农业学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (3): 647-657.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2023.03.18

嗜热菌筛选及其促进沼渣和虫粪共堆肥的效果

肖小兰¹(), 张浩¹, 付传僡², 刘皓¹, 阮文权¹^,^*()

1.江南大学环境与土木工程学院,江苏无锡 214122
2.英塞克高效生态农业综合开发有限公司,江苏苏州 215636

收稿日期:2022-03-15 出版日期:2023-03-25 发布日期:2023-04-07
作者简介:肖小兰(1986—),女,江西吉安人,博士,助理研究员,主要从事固体废弃物资源化利用研究。E-mail: 516140212@qq.com
通讯作者: ^*阮文权,E-mail: wqruan@jiangnan.edu.cn
基金资助:
江苏省重点研发计划(社会发展)(BE2020755);国家重点研发计划“绿色生物制造”重点专项(2021YFC2102200)

Screening thermophiles to promote co-composting of biogas residue and black soldier fly larval frass

XIAO Xiaolan¹(), ZHANG Hao¹, FU Chuanhui², LIU Hao¹, RUAN Wenquan¹^,^*()

1. School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
2. Insek High Efficiency Ecological Agriculture Comprehensive Development Co., Ltd., Suzhou 215636, Jiangsu, China

Received:2022-03-15 Online:2023-03-25 Published:2023-04-07

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

于餐厨有机浆液厌氧沼渣和黑水虻虫粪共堆肥的高温期筛选嗜热菌,通过酶活分析,优选能够高效降解有机物的菌株复配成嗜热菌剂进行接种,考查接种嗜热菌剂后沼渣和虫粪共堆肥的效果。结果表明,本研究共筛选得到4株细菌和4株真菌,其中,属于地衣芽孢杆菌(Bacillus licheniformis)和空气芽孢杆菌(Bacillus aerius)的细菌菌株具有较高的糖化酶、纤维素酶、漆酶、脲酶、蛋白酶和木聚糖酶活性,属于疏绵状嗜热丝孢菌(Thermomyces lanuginosus)和烟曲霉(Aspergillus fumigatus)的真菌菌株具有较高的纤维素酶和漆酶活性。将上述4种菌株复配并接种于沼渣和虫粪共堆肥后,与不接种的空白组相比,高温期延长了2 d,有机质降解率、种子发芽指数、腐殖质含量和胡富比分别由12.09%、85.98%、107.95 g·kg^-1、2.67提高到15.08%、90.77%、117.40 g·kg^-1、3.01。此外,接种嗜热菌剂后,堆肥第5天的厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)和放线菌门(Actinobacteria)的相对丰度分别提高到76.84%和18.12%,而酵母菌目(Saccharomycetales)的相对丰度下降到1.70%。综上,接种嗜热菌剂可延长堆肥高温期,降低植物毒性,促进腐殖化进程,优化微生物群落结构,提高堆肥质量和效率。

关键词: 共堆肥, 嗜热菌, 腐殖化, 微生物

Abstract:

Thermophiles were screened from the thermophilic phase of co-composting of biogas residue of kitchen organic slurry (BR) and black soldier fly larval frass (LF). The strains those could present high activities of degrading organic matter were selected to be compounded into thermophilic inoculum, and the effects of thermophilic inoculum on co-composting of BR and LR were examined. It was shown that 4 bacterial strains and 4 fungi strains were isolated. Among them, the isolated bacterial strains of Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus aerius had higher activities of glucoamylase, cellulase, laccase, urease, protease and xylanase, and the isolated fungi strains of Thermomyces lanuginosus and Aspergillus fumigatus had higher activities of cellulase and laccase. After compounding and inoculating the above four strains into the co-composting of BR and LF, the thermophilic phase of co-composting was prolonged for 2 days compared with the blank group, and the degradation rate of organic matter, germination index, humic substance content and the ratio of humic acid to fulvic acid were increased from 12.09%, 85.98%, 107.95 g·kg^-1, 2.67 to 15.08%, 90.77%, 117.40 g·kg^-1, 3.01, respectively. In addition, inoculation of thermophilic inoculum increased the relative abundance of Firmicutes and Actinobacteria to 76.84% and 18.12%, respectively, on the fifth day of composting, yet decreased the relative abundance of Saccharomycetales to 1.70%. In general, inoculation of thermophilic inoculum could prolong the period of thermophilic phase, reduce plant toxicity, promote humification process, optimize microbial community structure and improve the quality and efficiency of composting.

Key words: co-composting, thermophiles, humification, microorganism

中图分类号:

X705

肖小兰, 张浩, 付传僡, 刘皓, 阮文权. 嗜热菌筛选及其促进沼渣和虫粪共堆肥的效果[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2023, 35(3): 647-657.

XIAO Xiaolan, ZHANG Hao, FU Chuanhui, LIU Hao, RUAN Wenquan. Screening thermophiles to promote co-composting of biogas residue and black soldier fly larval frass[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2023, 35(3): 647-657.

图/表 7

表1 堆肥原料的基础理化性质

Table 1 Basic properties of raw materials for composting

原料 Raw material	含水率 Moisture content/%	总碳 Total C/ (g·kg^-1)	总氮 Total N/ (g·kg^-1)	C/N	pH	P₂O₅/ (g·kg^-1)	K₂O/ (g·kg^-1)
沼渣Biogas residue	89.16±0.52	274.4±4.8	40.7±1.0	6.52±0.01	8.51±0.12	68.6±2.4	40.6±2.6
虫粪Larval frass	59.88±0.25	336.9±14.5	39.9±1.1	8.12±0.20	9.12±0.12	65.4±1.9	64.3±5.3
水稻秸秆Rice straw	12.15±0.06	396.6±14.6	12.0±0.7	32.65±0.69	—	2.9±0.8	94.4±2.9

图1 分离到的细菌(a)和真菌(b)菌株的酶活

Fig.1 Enzyme activities of isolated bacteria (a) and fungi (b) strains

图2 堆肥过程中的温度(a)和种子发芽指数(GI)(b)变化

Fig.2 Dynamics of temperature (a) and germination index (GI) (b) during composting

图3 堆肥过程中有机质(a)和溶解性有机碳(DOC)(b)含量的变化

Fig.3 Dynamics of organic matter (a) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) (b) contents during composting

图4 堆肥过程中腐殖质(a)、富里酸(b)、胡敏酸(c)含量和胡富比(d)的变化

Fig.4 Dynamics of humic substance (a), fulvic aic (b), humic acid (c) contents and ration of humic acid to fluvic acid (HA/FA) (d) during composting

图5 堆肥原料(a)、空白组堆肥最终产品(b)、接种组堆肥最终产品(c)的三维荧光光谱 EX,激发波长;EM,发射波长。

Fig.5 Three dimensional fluorescence spectra raw material (a), final composting product in blank group(b) and final composting product in inoculation group (c) EX, Excitation wavelength; EM, Emission wavelength

图6 堆肥过程中门水平细菌(a)和目水平真菌(b)相对丰度的变化 B和I分别代表空白组和接种组;5、15和30分别代表第5、15、30天的堆肥样品。

Fig.6 Changes of relative abundance of bacteria at phylum level (a) and fungi at order level (b) during composting B and I represent the blank group and inoculation group, respectively. 5,15, 30 represent composting samples on 5, 15, 30 d, respectively.

参考文献 35

[1]	郝晓地, 周鹏, 曹达啓. 餐厨垃圾处置方式及其碳排放分析[J]. 环境工程学报, 2017, 11(2): 673-682.
	HAO X D, ZHOU P, CAO D Q. Analyses of disposal methods and carbon emissions of food wastes[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2017, 11(2): 673-682. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[2]	梅彩虹. 餐厨垃圾固体处理与资源化利用分析[J]. 环境与发展, 2018, 30(10): 56.
	MEI C H. Analysis of solid waste treatment and resource utilization of kitchen waste[J]. Environment and Development, 2018, 30(10): 56. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[3]	LIU C C, WANG C W, YAO H Y. Comprehensive resource utilization of waste using the black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens(L.)) (Diptera: Stratiomyidae)[J]. Animals: an Open Access Journal from MDPI, 2019, 9(6): 349. DOI URL
[4]	BESKIN K V, et al. Larval digestion of different manure types by the black soldier fly (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) impacts associated volatile emissions[J]. Waste Management, 2018, 74: 213-220. DOI PMID
[5]	LIU N, HOU T, YIN H J, et al. Effects of amoxicillin on nitrogen transformation and bacterial community succession during aerobic composting[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2019, 362: 258-265. DOI PMID
[6]	NAKASAKI K, ARAYA S, MIMOTO H, et al. Inoculation of Pichia kudriavzevii RB1 degrades the organic acids present in raw compost material and accelerates composting[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2013, 144: 521-528. DOI URL
[7]	李昌宁, 苏明, 姚拓, 等. 微生物菌剂对猪粪堆肥过程中堆肥理化性质和优势细菌群落的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2020, 26(9): 1600-1611.
	LI C N, SU M, YAO T, et al. Effects of microbial inoculation on compost physical and chemical properties and dominant bacterial communities during composting of pig manure[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2020, 26(9): 1600-1611. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[8]	钱玉婷, 杜静, 曹云, 等. 接种嗜热菌促进鸡粪超高温堆肥处理的效果[J]. 江苏农业科学, 2018, 46(23): 321-325.
	QIAN Y T, DU J, CAO Y, et al. Impact of inoculating thermophilic bacteria on promotion of hyperthermia composting of chicken manure[J]. Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences, 2018, 46(23): 321-325. (in Chinese)
[9]	王玉, 张晶, 曹云, 等. 极端嗜热功能菌筛选及其促进堆肥腐熟效果研究[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2020, 39(7): 1633-1642.
	WANG Y, ZHANG J, CAO Y, et al. Screening of functional extreme thermophiles and their effects on improving the maturation of composting[J]. Journal of Agro-Environment Science, 2020, 39(7): 1633-1642. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[10]	马放, 冯玉杰, 任南琪. 环境生物技术[M]. 北京: 化学工业出版社, 2003.
[11]	徐谞, 王心怡, 王定一, 等. 接种高温芽孢杆菌促进堆肥腐熟研究[J]. 土壤通报, 2020, 51(5): 1134-1141.
	XU X, WANG X Y, WANG D Y, et al. Effects of inoculation of thermophiles Bacillus strains on composting efficiency[J]. Chinese Journal of Soil Science, 2020, 51(5): 1134-1141. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[12]	XU J Q, JIANG Z W, LI M Q, et al. A compost-derived thermophilic microbial consortium enhances the humification process and alters the microbial diversity during composting[J]. Journal of Environmental Management, 2019, 243: 240-249. DOI PMID
[13]	ZHANG Z P, HU M, BIAN B, et al. Full-scale thermophilic aerobic co-composting of blue-green algae sludge with livestock faeces and straw[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2021, 753: 142079. DOI URL
[14]	白玲, 宋飞跃, 季蒙蒙, 等. 不同调理剂对秸秆沼渣堆肥的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2020, 32(1): 124-133. DOI
	BAI L, SONG F Y, JI M M, et al. Effects of different bulking agents on compost of straw biogas residue[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2020, 32(1): 124-133. (in Chinese with English abstract) DOI
[15]	WU J Q, ZHAO Y, ZHAO W, et al. Effect of precursors combined with bacteria communities on the formation of humic substances during different materials composting[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2017, 226: 191-199. DOI PMID
[16]	BERNAL M P, ALBURQUERQUE J A, MORAL R. Composting of animal manures and chemical criteria for compost maturity assessment: a review[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2009, 100(22): 5444-5453. DOI URL
[17]	YU J, GU J, WANG X J, et al. Effects of inoculation with lignocellulose-degrading microorganisms on nitrogen conversion and denitrifying bacterial community during aerobic composting[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2020, 313: 123664. DOI URL
[18]	TIQUIA S M, TAM N F Y. Elimination of phytotoxicity during co-composting of spent pig-manure sawdust litter and pig sludge[J]. Bioresource Technology, 1998, 65(1/2): 43-49. DOI URL
[19]	NAKHSHINIEV B, BIDDINIKA M K, GONZALES H B, et al. Evaluation of hydrothermal treatment in enhancing rice straw compost stability and maturity[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2014, 151: 306-313. DOI PMID
[20]	WEI Y S, FAN Y B, WANG M J, et al. Composting and compost application in China[J]. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 2000, 30(4): 277-300.
[21]	INSAM H, DE BERTOLDI M. Microbiology of the composting process[J]. Waste Management Series, 2007, 8: 25-48.
[22]	ZMORA-NAHUM S, MARKOVITCH O, TARCHITZKY J, et al. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) as a parameter of compost maturity[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2005, 37(11): 2109-2116. DOI URL
[23]	ZHU N, ZHU Y Y, KAN Z X, et al. Effects of two-stage microbial inoculation on organic carbon turnover and fungal community succession during co-composting of cattle manure and rice straw[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2021, 341: 125842. DOI URL
[24]	SENESI N, PLAZA C. Role of humification processes in recycling organic wastes of various nature and sources as soil amendments[J]. CLEAN:Soil, Air, Water, 2007, 35(1): 26-41.
[25]	李孟婵, 张鹤, 杨慧珍, 等. 不同原料好氧堆肥过程中碳转化特征及腐殖质组分的变化[J]. 干旱地区农业研究, 2019, 37(2): 81-87.
	LI M C, ZHANG H, YANG H Z, et al. Effects of different compost materials on carbon transformation and the change of humus during composting process[J]. Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas, 2019, 37(2): 81-87. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[26]	LAOR Y, AVNIMELECH Y. Fractionation of compost-derived dissolved organic matter by flocculation process[J]. Organic Geochemistry, 2002, 33(3): 257-263. DOI URL
[27]	ZHOU Y, SELVAM A, WONG J W C. Evaluation of humic substances during co-composting of food waste, sawdust and Chinese medicinal herbal residues[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2014, 168: 229-234. DOI PMID
[28]	崔玉波, 孙红杰, 杨少华, 等. 污泥生态稳定化过程中的腐殖质变化特征[J]. 安全与环境学报, 2013, 13(3): 90-92.
	CUI Y B, SUN H J, YANG S H, et al. Changing humus features in the process of sewage sludge ecological stabilization[J]. Journal of Safety and Environment, 2013, 13(3): 90-92. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[29]	WANG C, TU Q P, DONG D, et al. Spectroscopic evidence for biochar amendment promoting humic acid synthesis and intensifying humification during composting[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2014, 280: 409-416. DOI PMID
[30]	CHEN W, WESTERHOFF P, LEENHEER J A, et al. Fluorescence excitation-emission matrix regional integration to quantify spectra for dissolved organic matter[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2003, 37(24): 5701-5710. DOI URL
[31]	SONG C H, LI M X, XI B D, et al. Characterisation of dissolved organic matter extracted from the bio-oxidative phase of co-composting of biogas residues and livestock manure using spectroscopic techniques[J]. International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, 2015, 103: 38-50.
[32]	KONG Z J, WANG X Q, WANG M M, et al. Bacterial ecosystem functioning in organic matter biodegradation of different composting at the thermophilic phase[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2020, 317: 123990. DOI URL
[33]	ZHANG L L, LI L J, PAN X G, et al. Enhanced growth and activities of the dominant functional microbiota of chicken manure composts in the presence of maize straw[J]. Frontiers in Microbiology, 2018, 9: 1131. DOI PMID
[34]	WANG C, DONG D, WANG H S, et al. Metagenomic analysis of microbial consortia enriched from compost: new insights into the role of Actinobacteria in lignocellulose decomposition[J]. Biotechnology for Biofuels, 2016, 9: 22. DOI PMID
[35]	ZHANG L H, DONG H R, ZHANG J C, et al. Influence of FeONPs amendment on nitrogen conservation and microbial community succession during composting of agricultural waste: relative contributions of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and Archaea to nitrogen conservation[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2019, 287: 121463. DOI URL

嗜热菌筛选及其促进沼渣和虫粪共堆肥的效果

Screening thermophiles to promote co-composting of biogas residue and black soldier fly larval frass

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 7

参考文献 35

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	谭海霞, 彭红丽, 王连龙, 魏建梅. 马铃薯健康株与疮痂病株根区土壤微生物群落多样性差异分析[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2025, 37(8): 1743-1754.
[2]	耿锐梅, 赵清海, 曹长代, 李峰, 王大海, 贺鹏霖, 刘洋, 李军民, 徐蕊, 宋志美, 胡海洲, 张玉. 烤烟品种中川208和CV87根际细菌群落分析[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2025, 37(7): 1512-1520.
[3]	翁歆之, 刁奕昕, 贺洁, 刘莉, 沈海钰, 郭琦, 沈卫锋, 韩明明, 楼宝, 吕孙建. 弧菌噬菌体鸡尾酒制剂对凡纳滨对虾肠道微生物区系的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2025, 37(5): 1045-1056.
[4]	陈梦微, 梁徐, 张成磊, 梁璟, 许樱子, 项丹丹, 杨照渠, 谢永东. 微生物菌肥对东魁杨梅土壤性状和叶片营养的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2025, 37(5): 1130-1138.
[5]	韦新航, 周铨, 李亚妮, 陈卫良, 毛碧增. 生物有机肥对温郁金根际微生物群落结构的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2025, 37(4): 892-900.
[6]	吴佳奇, 朱学明, 鲍坚东, 王操屹, 周肖瑜, 李琳, 林福呈. 稻瘟病生物防治研究进展[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2025, 37(3): 736-744.
[7]	万合锋, 刘国华, 武玉祥, 蒋娟, 张珍明, 刘勇. 物料初始pH值对堆肥理化性质及微生物群落的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2025, 37(10): 2165-2178.
[8]	贺宇杉, 朱海霞. 梨黑孢链格孢GD-011菌株除草机制的初步研究[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2024, 36(5): 1094-1101.
[9]	侯栋, 李亚莉, 岳宏忠, 张东琴, 姚拓, 黄书超, 杨海兴. 微生物菌肥替代部分化肥对花椰菜产量、品质及土壤微生物的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2024, 36(3): 589-599.
[10]	乔红雍, 袁涛, 赵信勇, 杨会岩. 不同株龄鲁菏红细根内生微生物群落变化特征[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2024, 36(1): 115-126.
[11]	王佳丽, 王梓宇, 马咏琪, 唐德富, 孙丽坤. 氮素转化菌群对牛粪好氧堆肥的保氮效果[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2024, 36(1): 177-186.
[12]	谢晓杰, 许双燕, 王文凡, 杨健, 赵卓群, 王敏, 郑华宝. 畜禽养殖废弃物中抗生素的微生物降解研究进展[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2023, 35(8): 1975-1992.
[13]	周力, 桂林生. 饲粮中小麦颗粒用量对藏羊公羔瘤胃内环境的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2023, 35(11): 2543-2554.
[14]	崔玲宇, 喻曼, 乔宇颖, 苏瑶, 王云龙, 沈阿林. 基于Web of Science数据库的土壤质量评价及其微生物指标研究趋势分析[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2023, 35(11): 2688-2697.
[15]	韩明明, 詹炜, 黄福勇, 李方兴, 楼宝. 砂滤模式下马口鱼消化道细菌的组成、分类与相关性[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2023, 35(10): 2286-2298.