叶面喷施褪黑素对甘蓝幼苗干旱胁迫的缓解作用

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20240161

浙江农业学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (2): 338-348.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20240161

叶面喷施褪黑素对甘蓝幼苗干旱胁迫的缓解作用

任元龙(), 马蓉, 王晓卓(), 张雪艳

宁夏大学葡萄酒与园艺学院, 宁夏银川 750021

收稿日期:2024-02-22 出版日期:2025-02-25 发布日期:2025-03-20
作者简介:*王晓卓,E-mail:catree1988@qq.com
任元龙(1998—),男,宁夏青铜峡人,硕士研究生,研究方向为设施蔬菜栽培与生理。E-mail:1057463174@qq.com
通讯作者: 王晓卓
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2021YFD1600300);六盘山区冷凉蔬菜产业关键技术集成研究与应用示范(2021YFD1600302)

Mitigative effect of foliar spraying melatonin on drought stress of cabbage seedlings

REN Yuanlong(), MA Rong, WANG Xiaozhuo(), ZHANG Xueyan

College of Enology and Horticulture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China

Received:2024-02-22 Online:2025-02-25 Published:2025-03-20
Contact: WANG Xiaozhuo

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为研究叶面喷施褪黑素(MT)对甘蓝幼苗干旱胁迫的缓解作用与适宜浓度,以高山冷凉蔬菜主栽品种中甘21号为试验材料,使用20%聚乙二醇-6000(PEG)作为干旱胁迫渗透剂,通过叶面喷施不同浓度(50、100、150、200 μmol·L^-1)MT,测定甘蓝幼苗生长与生理指标。结果表明:干旱胁迫显著抑制甘蓝幼苗的生长,叶面喷施不同浓度的MT均能够缓解干旱胁迫引起的甘蓝幼苗生长抑制,并且喷施100 μmol·L^-1 MT缓解效果最显著。干旱胁迫下叶面喷施100 μmol·L^-1 MT后,与干旱胁迫(T0处理)相比,甘蓝幼苗叶绿素相对含量(用SPAD表示)和叶绿素a、叶绿素b、类胡萝卜素、叶绿素a+b含量分别上升28.11%、67.04%、80.70%、46.56%、70.79%;光化学猝灭系数(qP)、最大光化学效率(F_v/F_m)、实际光化学效率[Y(Ⅱ)]、电子传递速率(ETR)、光下最大荧光产量(F_m')分别增加32.88%、47.29%、53.19%、60.22%、49.56%;可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白含量分别提高147.36%、150.02%,非光化学猝灭系数(NPQ)、叶片相对电导率和丙二醛(MDA)含量分别降低43.65%、45.11%和51.09%;叶片中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、过氧化物酶(POD)活性、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性分别是干旱胁迫下的1.37、1.34、2.75倍,根系中SOD、POD和CAT活性分别是干旱胁迫下的1.89、1.28、2.08倍。综上,叶面喷施100 μmol·L^-1 MT能显著促进甘蓝幼苗生长,有效缓解干旱胁迫对高山冷凉蔬菜主栽品种中甘21号造成的伤害。

关键词: 甘蓝, 外源褪黑素, 干旱胁迫, 生长, 生理, 缓解作用

Abstract:

To investigate the mitigative effect of melatonin (MT) sprayed on leaves and its optimal concentration on drought stress in cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata L.) seedlings, this study used the high-altitude cool-weather vegetable variety ‘Zhonggan 21’ as the experimental material. 20% polyethylene glycol-6000 (PEG) solution was used as the osmotic agent for simulating drought stress. Different concentrations of MT (50, 100, 150, 200 μmol·L^-1) were sprayed onto the leaves, and growth and physiological indicators of the cabbage seedlings were measured. The results showed that drought stress significantly inhibited the growth of cabbage seedlings, and spraying different concentrations of MT on the leaves could mitigate the growth inhibition caused by drought stress, with the most significant mitigative effect observed at 100 μmol·L^-1 MT. Under drought stress, after spraying 100 μmol·L^-1 MT, compared to the drought stress control (T0 treatment), the relative chlorophyll content (expressed by SPAD), and contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoid, chlorophyll a+b increased by 28.11%, 67.04%, 80.70%, 46.56%, and 70.79%, respectively; photochemical quenching coefficient (qP), maximum photochemical quantum yield (F_v/F_m), actual photosynthetic efficiency [Y(Ⅱ)], electron transport rate (ETR) and maximum fluorescence yield (F_m') increased by 32.88%, 47.29%, 53.19%, 60.22% and 49.56%, respectively; contents of soluble sugars and soluble proteins increased by 147.36% and 150.02% respectively, while non-photochemical quenching coefficient (NPQ), leaf relative electric conductivity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content decreased by 43.65%, 45.11%, and 51.09%, respectively; activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) were 1.37, 1.34, and 2.75 times higher than those under drought stress in leaves, and 1.89, 1.28, and 2.08 times higher in roots. In conclusion, foliar application of 100 μmol·L^-1 MT can significantly promote the growth of cabbage seedlings and effectively mitigate the damage caused by drought stress to the high-altitude cool-weather vegetable variety ‘Zhonggan 21’.

Key words: Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata L., exogenous melatonin, drought stress, growth, physiology, mitigative effect

中图分类号:

S634.1

任元龙, 马蓉, 王晓卓, 张雪艳. 叶面喷施褪黑素对甘蓝幼苗干旱胁迫的缓解作用[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2025, 37(2): 338-348.

REN Yuanlong, MA Rong, WANG Xiaozhuo, ZHANG Xueyan. Mitigative effect of foliar spraying melatonin on drought stress of cabbage seedlings[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2025, 37(2): 338-348.

图/表 10

图1 干旱胁迫下叶面喷施褪黑素对甘蓝幼苗生长的影响 CK,正常浇灌;T0,0 μmol·L-1 MT+20% PEG;T1,50 μmol·L-1 MT+20% PEG;T2,100 μmol·L-1 MT+20% PEG;T3,150 μmol·L-1 MT+20% PEG;T4,200 μmol·L-1 MT+20% PEG。下同。

Fig.1 Effects of foliar application of melatonin on the growth of cabbage seedlings under drought stress CK, Normal irrigation; T0, 0 μmol·L-1 MT+20% PEG; T1, 50 μmol·L-1 MT+20% PEG; T2, 100 μmol·L-1 MT+20% PEG; T3, 150 μmol·L-1 MT+20% PEG; T4, 200 μmol·L-1 MT+20% PEG. The same as below.

表1 干旱胁迫下叶面喷施褪黑素对甘蓝幼苗生长指标的影响

Table 1 Effects of foliar application of melatonin on growth indexes of cabbage seedlings under drought stress

处理 Treatment	株高 Plant height/cm	茎粗 Stem diameter/mm	叶面积 Leaf area/cm²	全株鲜重 Fresh weight of plant/g	全株干重 Dry weight of plant/g
CK	6.00±0.10 a	4.38±0.05 b	50.42±0.85 a	13.95±0.22 a	1.48±0.03 a
T0	4.03±0.09 e	3.67±0.04 d	35.82±0.77 d	6.83±0.28 d	0.94±0.03 d
T1	4.97±0.09 c	3.91±0.06 c	40.00±0.61 c	8.74±0.29 c	1.18±0.02 bc
T2	5.70±0.06 b	4.63±0.02 a	44.91±0.47 b	11.66±0.23 b	1.37±0.03 b
T3	5.17±0.07 c	4.36±0.04 b	41.33±0.54 c	9.31±0.26 c	1.26±0.03 c
T4	4.33±0.07 d	4.00±0.05 c	36.00±0.44 d	7.31±0.22 d	0.99±0.01 d

图2 干旱胁迫下叶面喷施褪黑素对甘蓝幼苗根系形态的影响

Fig.2 Effects of foliar application of melatonin on root morphology of cabbage seedlings under drought stress

表2 干旱胁迫下叶面喷施褪黑素对甘蓝幼苗根系形态指标的影响

Table 2 Effects of foliar application of melatonin on root morphological indexes of cabbage seedlings under drought stress

处理 Treatment	根系长度 Root length/mm	根系平均直径 Root average diameter/mm	根系表面积 Root surface area/mm²	根系体积 Root volume/mm³	根尖数 Number of apex
CK	4 430.02±144.14 a	8.20±0.178 a	11 137.95±501.08 a	4 189.48±118.91 a	1 201.33±74.54 a
T0	2 214.52±136.67 c	6.66±0.11 c	6 574.59±152.22 d	2 438.44±51.55 d	514.00±24.01 c
T1	3 140.66±138.78 b	7.05±0.04 bc	8 391.45±110.24 c	3 081.95±148.34 c	720.00±20.66 b
T2	4 754.63±156.81 a	7.97±0.16 a	9 889.70±192.77 b	3 559.61±62.83 b	1 159.67±91.04 a
T3	3 623.28±123.66 b	7.33±0.09 b	8 284.04±190.17 c	3 081.54±37.88 c	774.67±23.40 b
T4	2 587.47±135.36 c	6.69±0.20 c	6 234.82±138.12 d	2 455.32±52.38 d	437.00±24.69 c

图3 干旱胁迫下叶面喷施褪黑素对甘蓝幼苗光合色素含量的影响柱上无相同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)。下同。

Fig.3 Effects of foliar application of melatonin on photosynthetic pigments contents of cabbage seedlings under drought stress The bars marked without the same lowercase letter indicate significant differences at P<0.05. The same as below.

图4 干旱胁迫下叶面喷施褪黑素对甘蓝幼苗叶绿素荧光参数的影响

Fig.4 Effects of foliar application of melatonin on chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of cabbage seedlings under drought stress

图5 干旱胁迫下叶面喷施褪黑素对甘蓝幼苗细胞膜脂的影响

Fig.5 Effects of foliar application of melatonin on cell membrane lipids of cabbage seedlings under drought stress

图6 干旱胁迫下叶面喷施褪黑素对甘蓝幼苗可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量的影响

Fig.6 Effects of foliar application of melatonin on contents of soluble sugar and soluble protein in cabbage seedlings under drought stress

图7 干旱胁迫下叶面喷施褪黑素对甘蓝幼苗抗氧化酶活性的影响数据以鲜重计。

Fig.7 Effects of foliar application of melatonin on antioxidase activity of cabbage seedlings under drought stress Data was detected based on fresh weight.

表3 隶属函数综合评价

Table 3 Comprehensive evaluation of membership function

处理 Treatment	综合指标值Comprehensive Index Value				隶属函数值Membership Function Value				D值 D value	排名 Ranking
处理 Treatment	Cl₁	Cl₂	Cl₃	Cl₄	U(X₁)	U(X₂)	U(X₃)	U(X₄)	D值 D value	排名 Ranking
CK	1.101	1.344	0.876	0.432	1	1	1	0.605	0.995	1
T0	-1.330	0.888	-0.892	-0.344	0	0.818	0.282	0.327	0.057	6
T1	-0.336	0.286	-0.323	-0.768	0.409	0.577	0.776	0.176	0.423	4
T2	1.076	-0.508	-1.586	0.402	0.989	0.260	0	0.594	0.924	2
T3	0.3	-1.158	0.634	-1.258	0.670	0	0.901	0	0.627	3
T4	-0.811	-0.852	0.648	1.537	0.214	0.123	0.907	1	0.230	5
权重Weight					ω₁=0.912	ω₂=0.059	ω₃=0.018	ω₄=0.011

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叶面喷施褪黑素对甘蓝幼苗干旱胁迫的缓解作用

Mitigative effect of foliar spraying melatonin on drought stress of cabbage seedlings

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