外源喷施叶酸对稻米叶酸含量及品质的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20240946

浙江农业学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (2): 197-205.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20240946

外源喷施叶酸对稻米叶酸含量及品质的影响

张悦¹(), 王镜然¹, 周强¹^,², 陈美玲¹, 王颜红¹^,²^,^*()

1.中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所, 辽宁沈阳 110016
2.沈阳市食品安全检测与控制技术重点实验室, 辽宁沈阳 110016

收稿日期:2024-11-07 出版日期:2026-02-25 发布日期:2026-03-24
作者简介:张悦,主要从事水稻营养强化及种植技术研究。E-mail:843175987@qq.com
通讯作者: ^*王颜红,E-mail: wangyh@iae.ac.cn
基金资助:
中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA28090300)

Effects of exogenous spraying of folic acid on the folic acid content and quality of rice

ZHANG Yue¹(), WANG Jingran¹, ZHOU Qiang¹^,², CHEN Meiling¹, WANG Yanhong¹^,²^,^*()

1. Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
2. Key Laboratory of Food Safety Testing and Control Technology of Shenyang, Shenyang 110016, China

Received:2024-11-07 Online:2026-02-25 Published:2026-03-24

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本试验以盐粳48为供试水稻,通过在拔节期、抽穗期和灌浆期等不同生长阶段外源喷施5-甲酰四氢叶酸钙和5-甲基四氢叶酸钙,探究外源喷施叶酸对稻米营养品质及生长发育的影响规律。结果表明,当叶酸喷施量为225 g·hm^-2时,稻米中5-甲酰四氢叶酸(5-FTHF)、5-甲基四氢叶酸(5-MTHF)和总叶酸的含量最高,较对照分别提升66.80%、52.43%和13.20%。同时,在水稻不同的生长阶段,相较于单时期喷施,多时期喷施后稻米的叶酸含量显著提高。此外,叶酸的施用还导致直链淀粉含量降低0.24~1.49百分点,食味值提高4.44%~6.85%,株高增加2.99%~5.91%,产量增加2.95%~7.94%。本研究结果表明,外源喷施叶酸不仅可以提升稻米中的叶酸含量,还能够对水稻的食味品质及生长发育产生正向影响。

关键词: 水稻, 外源喷施, 叶酸, 食味值, 株高, 产量, 品质

Abstract:

In this experiment, Yanjing 48 was used as the test rice material. The effects of exogenous folic acid spraying on the nutritional quality and growth and development of rice were explored by exogenous spraying of calcium 5-formyltetrahydrofolate and calcium 5-methyltetrahydrofolate at different growth stages: jointing, heading, and filling. The results showed that when the application rate of folic acid was 225 g·hm^-2, the contents of 5-FTHF, 5-MTHF and total folic acid in rice were the highest, increased by 66.80%, 52.43% and 13.20%, respectively. Meanwhile, at different growth stages of rice, compared with single-period spraying, the folic acid content of rice significantly increased after multi-period spraying. Additionally, folic acid application led to a reduction in amylose content by 0.24-1.49 percentage points, while improving taste value by 4.44%-6.85%, increasing plant height by 2.99%-5.91%, and increasing yield by 2.95%-7.94%. These findings indicated that the application of exogenous folic acid not only increased folic acid accumulation in rice grains but also positively affected eating quality and agronomic traits during the development of rice.

Key words: rice, exogenous application, folic acid, taste value, plant height, yield, quality

中图分类号:

S511.6

张悦, 王镜然, 周强, 陈美玲, 王颜红. 外源喷施叶酸对稻米叶酸含量及品质的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2026, 38(2): 197-205.

ZHANG Yue, WANG Jingran, ZHOU Qiang, CHEN Meiling, WANG Yanhong. Effects of exogenous spraying of folic acid on the folic acid content and quality of rice[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2026, 38(2): 197-205.

图/表 5

图1 不同叶酸喷施量下稻米叶酸含量的变化线上无相同字母的表示不同处理间差异显著(p<0.05),图4~5同。

Fig.1 Variation in rice folic acid content with varying folic acid application rates The absence of identical letters on the line indicates significant (p<0.05) differences between different treatments. The same as Fig. 4 and Fig. 5.

图2 不同种类叶酸处理后的稻米叶酸含量柱上无相同字母表示不同处理间差异显著(p<0.05)。图3同。

Fig.2 Folic acid content in rice applied with different varieties of folic acid The absence of identical letters on the column indicates significant (p<0.05) differences between different treatments. The same as Fig. 3.

图3 不同时期喷施叶酸后的稻米总叶酸含量

Fig.3 Total folic acid content in rice after folic acid spraying at different periods

图4 不同时期施用叶酸后的稻米食味值及直链淀粉含量

Fig.4 Taste value and amylose content of rice applied with folic acid at different periods

图5 不同时期施用叶酸的水稻株高和产量

Fig.5 Plant height and yield of rice applied with folic acid in different periods

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外源喷施叶酸对稻米叶酸含量及品质的影响

Effects of exogenous spraying of folic acid on the folic acid content and quality of rice

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