关键词: 秸秆, 沟埋还田, 开沟质量, 排水, 小麦生长

Abstract: In order to test the ditching quality with the improved ditcher meeting requirements for ditching， straw\|buried and covering soil，and the effect on drainage and growth of wheat during straw concentrated ditch\|buried returning， a field experiment was carried out with total straw returning of last season （at the rate of 21 kg·m-1） in three processing methods， ditch\|buried returning at the depth of 20， 30 cm and conventional returning （CK）. Field tests showed that top width and bottom width of trapezoidal ditch were about 35.00 cm and 19.20 cm， the average depth of ditch were 19.50 cm and 29.90 cm， distance of centralized throwing soil were 38.00 cm， 41.00 cm， thickness of centralized covering soil were 11.45 cm， 17.17 cm individually for D2 and D3， at the same time， broken rate of soil were both more than 90%. The drainage and waterlogging reduction function of straw ditch were similar as common drainage ditch. Decrease amplitude of water content in straw ditch for D2 and D3 were larger than that of CK， and D3 had better effect of waterlogging reduction than D2. The germination and growth of wheat on ditch\|buried were both better than that of CK. The ditch performance was reliable and excellent， and the ditch can meet straw-buried and covering soil requirements. Ditch\|buried had drainage function， no bad effect on the seedling and growth of wheat. So it is feasible that straw concentrated ditch\|buried returning with machine．

Key words: straw, concentrated ditch\|buried, ditching quality, drain, wheat growth