浙江农业学报

• 园艺科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

新旧膜棚内小气候差异及其对樱桃番茄果实产量和品质的影响

  

  1. (1.慈溪市气象局,浙江 慈溪 315300;2.中南民族大学 数学与统计学学院,湖北 武汉 430074)
  • 出版日期:2016-03-25 发布日期:2016-04-07

Effects of different microclimatic factors in greenhouse with new greenhouse film or old one on yield and quality of cherry tomato

  1. (1. Cixi Meteorological Bureau, Zhejiang Province, Cixi 315300, China; 2. School of Mathematics and Statistics, SouthCentral University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China)
  • Online:2016-03-25 Published:2016-04-07

摘要: 为研究新旧膜棚内小气候差异及其对樱桃番茄果实产量和品质的影响,以千禧樱桃番茄为研究材料,对新旧膜棚内冬春季大棚密闭保温时段和春夏季全天通风时段的温度、湿度、太阳辐射差异性进行分析,对比观察樱桃番茄生育期并记录测定两种棚膜栽培条件下果实产量和品质。结果表明:全生育期新旧膜棚内均可比外界提高日均温近3 ℃,且两者差异不明显;冬春季晴好天气下,大棚密闭的白天时段,新膜比旧膜增温效果好;其余时段无论晴雨或大棚开闭与否,两者增温、保温效果均无显著性差异;无论季节或通风与否,旧膜的棚内湿度均显著低于新膜,平均偏低3.6%,旧膜在降湿防病方面有一定作用;新旧膜棚内光照差异明显,新膜棚内太阳辐射平均值比旧膜棚高20.6%;在新膜条件下,可以不同程度地将樱桃番茄花期和果实成熟期提前3~5 d;果实大小和病果数受新旧膜影响差异显著;单果质量、果实含糖量以及果实产量等其他指标影响不显著。

关键词: 棚膜, 小气候因子, 樱桃番茄, 产量, 果实品质

Abstract: In this study, we investigated the impact of different microclimatic factors in greenhouse with new or old films on yield and quality of cherry tomato cultivar Qianxi. The differences in temperature, humidity and solar radiation in the condition of thermal insulation of greenhouse in winter and spring and wholeday ventilation in spring and summer, with new greenhouse film or old one, were observed and analyzed. The growth periods of cherry tomato were recorded and yield and quality were measured. In the whole growth period, the daily average temperature in greenhouse with new greenhouse film or old one was about 3 ℃ higher than the outside with no significant difference. The condition of thermal insulation of greenhouse with new greenhouse film was better than the old one during the daytime of sunny days in the airtight condition in winter and spring. There was no significant difference in the condition of thermal insulation of greenhouse with new greenhouse film or old one in the other periods, no matter it was sunny or rainy, the shed was open or closed. The average humidity of greenhouse with old greenhouse film was 3.6% less than that with new one regardless of season or greenhouse ventilation, which played a role in preventing disease and high humidity. The average illumination in the greenhouse with new greenhouse film was 20.6% higher than that with old one. The flowering and fruit mature period of cherry tomato was 35 days earlier than usual in the greenhouse with new greenhouse film. The fruit size and the quantity of diseased fruits in greenhouse with new greenhouse film or old one differed significantly. However, the single fruit weight, sugar content and yield showed no significant difference.

Key words: greenhouse film, microclimatic factors, cherry tomato, yield, fruit quality