玉米C型胞质不育系S37-2败育的生物学与生理生化机制分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2023.02.02

浙江农业学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (2): 259-265.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2023.02.02

玉米C型胞质不育系S37-2败育的生物学与生理生化机制分析

郑冉¹(), 吕丹¹, 武清贵¹, 邸晓红¹, 朱通通¹, 邱冠杰¹, 罗红兵¹^,²^,^*()

1.湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙 410128
2.湖南省玉米工程技术研究中心,湖南长沙 410128

收稿日期:2022-04-25 出版日期:2023-02-25 发布日期:2023-03-14
作者简介:*罗红兵,E-mail: 1289413219@qq.com
郑冉(1994—),女,山东泰安人,博士研究生,研究方向为作物遗传育种。E-mail:1141238655@qq.com
通讯作者: 罗红兵
基金资助:
湖南省现代农业产业技术体系(湘农发〔2019〕105号);湖南省重点研发计划(2022NK2002)

Analysis of biological, physiological and biochemical mechanism of abortion of C-type cytoplasmic male sterile line S37-2 in maize

ZHENG Ran¹(), LYU Dan¹, WU Qinggui¹, DI Xiaohong¹, ZHU Tongtong¹, QIU Guanjie¹, LUO Hongbing¹^,²^,^*()

1. College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
2. Maize Engineering Technology Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha 410128, China

Received:2022-04-25 Online:2023-02-25 Published:2023-03-14
Contact: LUO Hongbing

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为揭示玉米雄性不育系的生理生化特征,以玉米细胞质雄性不育系S37-2、保持系B37-2为试验材料,对其主要表型性状进行调查,测定不同发育期叶片中的可溶性蛋白、游离脯氨酸、可溶性糖、可溶性淀粉和丙二醛(MDA)含量,以及过氧化氢酶(CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性。结果表明,S37-2花药形状瘦小萎缩,饱满度差,花药的长度、横截面直径均显著(P<0.05)低于B37-2。S37-2在抽雄期与散粉期叶片中的可溶性蛋白、游离脯氨酸和可溶性糖含量显著(P<0.05)高于B37-2,在各个时期叶片中的CAT活性和SOD活性均显著(P<0.05)低于B37-2。综上推测,S37-2叶片中的可溶性蛋白、游离脯氨酸和可溶性糖运输受阻,SOD和CAT活性低,是导致S37-2不育的重要原因。

关键词: 玉米, 雄性不育, 表型性状, 生理指标

Abstract:

To reveal the physiology and biochemistry mechanism of male sterile abortion in maize, the sterile line S37-2 and fertile line B37-2 were applied as test materials in the present study. The main agronomic traits of S37-2 and B37-2 were investigated. The differences of the contents of soluble sugar, soluble protein, free proline, soluble starch, and malonaldehyde (MDA), and the activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) in leaves between S37-2 and B37-2 were determined. The results showed that S37-2 had thin and atrophic anther shape and poor plumpness, as the length and cross section diameter of anther were significantly (P<0.05) smaller than those of B37-2. The contents of soluble protein, free proline and soluble sugar in S37-2 leaves were significantly (P<0.05) higher than those of B37-2 at the tasseling stage and pollen shedding stage. During the whole growth period, the CAT and SOD activities of S37-2 were significantly (P<0.05) lower than those of B37-2 at the same growth stage. It was inferred that the blocked transportation path of soluble protein, free proline and soluble sugar in leaves of S37-2, with the relatively lower activities of SOD and CAT led to the sterility of S37-2.

Key words: maize, male sterility, phenotypic traits, physiological indicators

中图分类号:

S513
S503.3

郑冉, 吕丹, 武清贵, 邸晓红, 朱通通, 邱冠杰, 罗红兵. 玉米C型胞质不育系S37-2败育的生物学与生理生化机制分析[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2023, 35(2): 259-265.

ZHENG Ran, LYU Dan, WU Qinggui, DI Xiaohong, ZHU Tongtong, QIU Guanjie, LUO Hongbing. Analysis of biological, physiological and biochemical mechanism of abortion of C-type cytoplasmic male sterile line S37-2 in maize[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2023, 35(2): 259-265.

图/表 5

表1 S37-2与B37-2的农艺性状比较

Table 1 Comparison of agronomic traits between S37-2 and B37-2

性状Trait	S37-2	B37-2
株高Plant height/cm	102.54±11.18 a	97.63±8.09 a
穗位高Ear height/cm	35.03±5.98 a	32.93±5.82 a
穗上位茎粗	11.78±0.56 a	11.89±0.50 a
Upper spike stem diameter/mm
茎粗Stem diameter/mm	15.85±1.41 a	15.89±1.70 a
茎节数Number of node	11.32±0.70 a	11.52±0.51 a
叶片数Number of leaf	9.59±0.55 a	9.67±0.62 a
叶长Leaf length/cm	69.34±4.26 a	66.49±2.46 b
叶宽Leaf width/cm	8.69±0.48 a	7.76±0.54 b
雄穗分枝数Number of tassel	9.03±1.87 a	8.98±1.53 a
雄穗长Tassel length/cm	26.91±1.34 a	27.30±1.13 a

图1 不育系S37-2(左)与保持系B37-2(右)的花药形态

Fig.1 Anthers morphology of sterile line S37-2 (left) and maintainer line B37-2 (right)

表2 B37-2与S37-2的花药性状比较

Table 2 Comparison of anther traits of S37-2 and B37-2

性状Trait	S37-2	B37-2
花药长度Length of anther/mm	3.52±0.18 b	4.67±0.13 a
花药横截面直径	0.40±0.03 b	1.00±0.05 a
Cross section diameter of anther/mm

图2 S37-2和B37-2叶片中的营养物质含量比较同一时期柱上无相同字母的表示差异显著(P<0.05)。下同。

Fig.2 Comparison of nutrients content in leaves of S37-2 and B37-2 Bars marked without the same letters at the same growth stage indicate significant difference at P<0.05. The same as below.

图3 S37-2和B37-2叶片中酶活性与丙二醛(MDA)含量的比较 CAT、SOD、POD活性均以鲜重计。

Fig.3 Comparison of enzymes activities and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in leaves of S37-2 and B37-2 Activities of CAT, SOD and POD were measured based on fresh weight.

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玉米C型胞质不育系S37-2败育的生物学与生理生化机制分析

Analysis of biological, physiological and biochemical mechanism of abortion of C-type cytoplasmic male sterile line S37-2 in maize

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