单宁对育肥滩羊生长性能、消化代谢以及屠宰性能的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20221742

浙江农业学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (12): 2809-2817.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20221742

单宁对育肥滩羊生长性能、消化代谢以及屠宰性能的影响

温红瑞(), 齐明江, 高昌鹏, 田晓雨, 李雪梅, 周玉香()

宁夏大学动物科技学院,宁夏银川 750021

收稿日期:2022-12-04 出版日期:2023-12-25 发布日期:2023-12-27
作者简介:温红瑞(1998—),女,河北张家口人,硕士研究生,从事反刍动物营养与饲料研究。E-mail: wenhrwenrr@163.com
通讯作者: *周玉香,E-mail: zhyxzhww@163.com
基金资助:
宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划(2021BEF02027)

Effect of tannin on growth performance, digestion and metabolism and slaughtering performance of fattening Tan sheep

WEN Hongrui(), QI Mingjiang, GAO Changpeng, TIAN Xiaoyu, LI Xuemei, ZHOU Yuxiang()

College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China

Received:2022-12-04 Online:2023-12-25 Published:2023-12-27

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本试验旨在研究单宁对育肥滩羊生长性能、消化代谢以及屠宰性能的影响。选取体重相近的健康滩羊公羔27只,随机分为3组,每组9只。3组滩羊分别饲喂含0(对照组)、2 000(试验Ⅰ组)和 4 000 mg·kg^-1(试验Ⅱ组)单宁的试验饲粮。预试期10 d,正试期60 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,试验Ⅱ组滩羊极显著提高了干物质采食量(P<0.01),显著提高了总增重和平均日增重(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,试验组滩羊极显著提高了氮摄入量、食入总能和消化能(P<0.01),显著提高了干物质表观消化率、沉积氮、氮沉积率和总能表观消化率(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,试验组显著提高羊只的宰前活重、胴体重、净肉重以及眼肌面积(P<0.05)。综上所述,在饲粮中添加单宁可以提高育肥滩羊的生长性能、消化代谢和屠宰性能,在本试验条件下,以添加水平为 4 000 mg·kg^-1时效果最佳,可以在生产中推广使用。

关键词: 滩羊, 单宁, 生长, 氮代谢, 能量代谢

Abstract:

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of tannin on body size index, digestion and metabolism and slaughtering performance of fattening Tan sheep. Twenty-seven healthy male lambs with similar body weight were randomly divided into 3 groups with 9 lambs in each group. Tan sheep in three groups were fed with identical basic diets with different tannin levels: 0 (control group), 2 000 (trial group Ⅰ) and 4 000 mg·kg^-1 (trial group Ⅱ), respectively. The pre-trial period lasted for 10 days and the experimental period lasted for 60 days. The results showed that, compared with the control group, the dry matter intake of Tan sheep in trial group Ⅱ was significantly increased (P<0.01), and the total weight gain and average daily gain were significantly increased (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the experimental group extremely significantly increased nitrogen intake, general energy intake and digestible energy (P<0.01), and significantly increased apparent digestibility of dry matter, deposited nitrogen, nitrogen deposition rate and apparent digestibility of general energy (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the pre-slaughter live weight, carcass weight, net meat weight and eye muscle area of the experimental group were significantly increased (P<0.05). It is concluded that tannin supplementation can improve the growth performance, digestion metabolism and slaughtering performance of fattening Tan sheep, and the best effect is achieved at the supplemental level of 4 000 mg·kg^-1 under the experimental conditions, which can be widely used in production.

Key words: Tan sheep, tannin, growth, nitrogen metabolism, energy metabolism

中图分类号:

S826

温红瑞, 齐明江, 高昌鹏, 田晓雨, 李雪梅, 周玉香. 单宁对育肥滩羊生长性能、消化代谢以及屠宰性能的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2023, 35(12): 2809-2817.

WEN Hongrui, QI Mingjiang, GAO Changpeng, TIAN Xiaoyu, LI Xuemei, ZHOU Yuxiang. Effect of tannin on growth performance, digestion and metabolism and slaughtering performance of fattening Tan sheep[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2023, 35(12): 2809-2817.

图/表 6

表1 基础饲粮组成及营养水平(干物质基础)

Table 1 Composition and nutrient levels of basal diets (dry matter basis)

项目Items	含量Content	营养指标Nutrient inde $x 2)$	营养水平Nutrient levels
青贮玉米Maize silage/%	15.00	代谢能Metabolizable energy/(MJ·kg^-1)²⁾	9.40
苜蓿干草Alfalfa hay/%	30.00	粗蛋白质Crude protein/%	12.39
玉米Corn grain/%	29.74	钙Ca/%	0.52
豆粕Soybean meal/%	14.50	磷P/%	0.36
麦麸Wheat bran/%	6.00	中性洗涤纤维Neutral detergent fiber/%	32.75
预混料Premi $x 1)$ /%	5.00	酸性洗涤纤维Acid detergent fiber/%	21.35
合计Total/%	100.00

表1 基础饲粮组成及营养水平(干物质基础)

Table 1 Composition and nutrient levels of basal diets (dry matter basis)

项目Items	含量Content	营养指标Nutrient inde $x 2)$	营养水平Nutrient levels
青贮玉米Maize silage/%	15.00	代谢能Metabolizable energy/(MJ·kg^-1)²⁾	9.40
苜蓿干草Alfalfa hay/%	30.00	粗蛋白质Crude protein/%	12.39
玉米Corn grain/%	29.74	钙Ca/%	0.52
豆粕Soybean meal/%	14.50	磷P/%	0.36
麦麸Wheat bran/%	6.00	中性洗涤纤维Neutral detergent fiber/%	32.75
预混料Premi $x 1)$ /%	5.00	酸性洗涤纤维Acid detergent fiber/%	21.35
合计Total/%	100.00

图1 单宁对育肥滩羊生长性能的影响标准差顶部的字母表示差异显著性,没有相同大写字母表示差异极显著(P<0.01),没有相同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)。下同。

Fig.1 Effect of tannin on the growth performance of Tan sheep Letters at the top of the standard deviation indicates significant difference, different capital letters indicate extremely significant difference (P<0.01), and different lowercase letters indicate significant difference (P<0.05). The same as below.

表2 单宁对育肥滩羊养分表观消化率的影响

Table 2 Effect of tannin on apparent digestibility of nutrients in Tan sheep

项目 Items	对照组 Control group	试验Ⅰ组 Trial group Ⅰ	试验Ⅱ组 Trial group Ⅱ	P值P value
项目 Items	对照组 Control group	试验Ⅰ组 Trial group Ⅰ	试验Ⅱ组 Trial group Ⅱ	处理 Treatment	线性 Linear	二次 Quadratic
干物质DM/%	60.16±3.77 b	67.39±3.01 a	67.76±1.67 a	0.033	0.020	0.150
中性洗涤纤维NDF/%	53.65±2.91	55.77±1.84	54.73±2.27	0.581	0.599	0.384
酸性洗涤纤维ADF/%	36.80±5.14	34.15±2.25	35.61±2.59	0.847	0.698	0.690

表3 单宁对育肥滩羊氮代谢的影响

Table 3 Effect of tannin on nitrogen metabolism in fattening Tan sheep

项目 Items	对照组 Control group	试验Ⅰ组 Trial group Ⅰ	试验Ⅱ组 Trial group Ⅱ	P值P value
项目 Items	对照组 Control group	试验Ⅰ组 Trial group Ⅰ	试验Ⅱ组 Trial group Ⅱ	处理 Treatment	线性 Linear	二次 Quadratic
氮摄入量Nitrogen intake/(g·d^-1)	18.52±0.37 B	20.94±0.24 A	21.33±0.12 A	<0.001	<0.001	0.002
尿氮Urine nitrogen/(g·d^-1)	1.87±0.11	1.83±0.15	1.85±0.05	0.947	0.861	0.792
粪氮Fecal nitrogen/(g·d^-1)	6.94±0.34	6.95±0.65	7.05±0.34	0.956	0.796	0.896
总排出氮Total excreted nitrogen/(g·d^-1)	8.81±0.30	8.78±0.56	8.90±0.39	0.945	0.819	0.820
沉积氮Deposited nitrogen/(g·d^-1)	9.71±0.19 b	12.16±0.67 a	12.43±0.40 a	0.001	<0.001	0.016
氮表观消化率	62.53±1.13	66.81±3.18	66.96±1.60	0.076	0.046	0.225
Apparent nitrogen digestibility/%
氮沉积率Nitrogen deposition rate/%	52.43±0.90 b	58.04±2.82 a	58.28±1.80 a	0.019	0.012	0.107

表4 单宁对育肥滩羊能量代谢的影响

Table 4 Effect of tannin on energy metabolism of fattening Tan sheep

项目 Items	对照组 Control group	试验Ⅰ组 Trial group Ⅰ	试验Ⅱ组 Trial group Ⅱ	P值P value
项目 Items	对照组 Control group	试验Ⅰ组 Trial group Ⅰ	试验Ⅱ组 Trial group Ⅱ	处理 Treatment	线性 Linear	二次 Quadratic
食入总能General energy intake/(MJ·d^-1)	13.70±0.38 B	15.71±0.36 A	16.07±0.30 A	<0.001	<0.001	0.004
粪能Fecal energy/(MJ·d^-1)	5.49±0.29	5.15±0.69	5.05±0.10	0.490	0.271	0.719
尿能Urinary energy/(MJ·d^-1)	2.51±0.29	2.47±0.34	2.40±0.33	0.920	0.699	0.955
消化能Digestible energy/(MJ·d^-1)	8.22±0.28 B	10.56±0.70 A	11.02±0.10 A	<0.001	<0.001	0.023
总能表观消化率	59.96±2.08 b	67.22±4.42 a	68.56±0.60 a	0.021	0.010	0.191
Apparent digestibility of general energy/%

表5 单宁对育肥滩羊屠宰性能的影响

Table 5 Effect of tannin on slaughter performance of fattening Tan sheep

项目 Items	对照组 Control group	试验Ⅰ组 Trial group Ⅰ	试验Ⅱ组 Trial group Ⅱ	P值P value
项目 Items	对照组 Control group	试验Ⅰ组 Trial group Ⅰ	试验Ⅱ组 Trial group Ⅱ	处理 Treatment	线性 Linear	二次 Quadratic
宰前活重Pre-slaughter live weight/kg	22.96±1.16 b	24.78±1.72 a	25.39±0.76 a	0.027	0.011	0.403
胴体重Carcass weight/kg	11.15±0.57 b	12.34±0.92 a	12.54±0.57 a	0.018	0.009	0.224
净肉重Net meat weight/kg	9.04±0.41 b	10.09±0.80 a	10.24±0.55 a	0.017	0.009	0.196
骨重Bone weight/kg	2.11±0.19	2.25±0.15	2.30±0.06	0.143	0.059	0.630
GR值GR value/mm	11.44±0.84	11.83±1.74	12.89±1.67	0.308	0.145	0.684
骨肉比Flesh and bone ratio	0.23±0.01	0.22±0.01	0.23±0.01	0.595	0.048	0.484
屠宰率Slaughter rate/%	48.80±1.09	49.80±1.48	49.40±1.14	0.468	0.463	0.327
胴体净肉率Net carcass meat rate/%	81.00±1.00	82.00±0.71	81.40±0.55	0.164	0.430	0.084
眼肌面积Eye muscle area/cm²	11.30±0.61 b	12.63±0.42 a	12.85±0.59 a	0.001	0.001	0.091

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单宁对育肥滩羊生长性能、消化代谢以及屠宰性能的影响

Effect of tannin on growth performance, digestion and metabolism and slaughtering performance of fattening Tan sheep

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