浙江农业学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (7): 1492-1501.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20230554
潘志军1(), 吴小文1, 吴晨阳1, 程驭1, 陈龙1, 张晓红1, 张进山1, 周兵1, 江波1, 张文静2, 车钊2, 宋贺2
收稿日期:
2023-04-26
出版日期:
2024-07-25
发布日期:
2024-08-05
作者简介:
潘志军(1990—),男,安徽铜陵人,学士,农艺师,主要从事作物栽培和土壤肥料研究。E-mail: jun396@163.com
基金资助:
PAN Zhijun1(), WU Xiaowen1, WU Chenyang1, CHENG Yu1, CHEN Long1, ZHANG Xiaohong1, ZHANG Jinshan1, ZHOU Bing1, JIANG Bo1, ZHANG Wenjing2, CHE Zhao2, SONG He2
Received:
2023-04-26
Online:
2024-07-25
Published:
2024-08-05
摘要:
为探究皖中地区不同类型再生稻的生长发育与温光资源利用特征,为再生稻品种选择和周年稻作模式搭配提供参考,本研究以早熟籼型常规稻、早熟籼型杂交稻、中熟籼型杂交稻和籼粳杂交稻4个类型的8个代表品种为供试材料,监测不同类型再生稻的产量和全生育期气象要素情况。结果显示,中熟籼型杂交稻品种作再生稻时产量[(12.47±0.24)t·hm-2]、光能生产效率[(0.40±0.01)g·MJ-1]和有效积温(≥10 ℃)生产效率[(4.35±0.10)kg·hm-2·℃-1·d-1]最高,可通过较高的日产量和适度较长的生育期促进高产形成。早熟籼型常规稻和早熟籼型杂交稻较中熟籼型杂交稻和籼粳杂交稻的再生季成熟期提前24~47 d,可用于后茬作物的温光资源更充裕。综上,选择中熟籼型杂交稻品种做再生稻时,温光资源利用效率和产量最高;选择早熟籼型常规稻和早熟籼型杂交稻作再生稻时,可搭配的轮作模式最多。
中图分类号:
潘志军, 吴小文, 吴晨阳, 程驭, 陈龙, 张晓红, 张进山, 周兵, 江波, 张文静, 车钊, 宋贺. 皖中不同类型再生稻品种产量与温光资源利用特征分析[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2024, 36(7): 1492-1501.
PAN Zhijun, WU Xiaowen, WU Chenyang, CHENG Yu, CHEN Long, ZHANG Xiaohong, ZHANG Jinshan, ZHOU Bing, JIANG Bo, ZHANG Wenjing, CHE Zhao, SONG He. Analysis of yield and utilization of temperature and light resources of different types of ratoon rice varieties in central Anhui, China[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2024, 36(7): 1492-1501.
类型 Type | 实际产量Actual yield/(t·hm-2) | 日产量Daily yield/(kg·hm-2·d-1) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
头季 Main crop rice | 再生季 Ratoon rice | 合计 Total | 头季 Main crop rice | 再生季 Ratoon rice | 平均值 Mean | |
EIR | 7.54±0.64 bc | 3.08±0.28 b | 10.62±0.58 b | 65.87±3.36 a | 45.71±3.97 bc | 58.36±2.31 a |
EHR | 7.40±0.32 c | 3.30±0.31 b | 10.70±0.22 b | 61.17±2.40 ab | 50.40±2.09 b | 57.38±1.05 a |
MHR | 8.24±0.28 a | 4.24±0.21 a | 12.47±0.24 a | 56.83±1.08 ab | 62.31±2.57 a | 58.58±1.53 a |
IJR | 8.01±0.21 ab | 3.12±0.27 b | 11.14±0.26 b | 54.11±1.47 b | 40.84±1.42 c | 49.45±0.95 b |
表1 不同类型再生稻的产量
Table 1 The yield of different types of ratoon rice varieties
类型 Type | 实际产量Actual yield/(t·hm-2) | 日产量Daily yield/(kg·hm-2·d-1) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
头季 Main crop rice | 再生季 Ratoon rice | 合计 Total | 头季 Main crop rice | 再生季 Ratoon rice | 平均值 Mean | |
EIR | 7.54±0.64 bc | 3.08±0.28 b | 10.62±0.58 b | 65.87±3.36 a | 45.71±3.97 bc | 58.36±2.31 a |
EHR | 7.40±0.32 c | 3.30±0.31 b | 10.70±0.22 b | 61.17±2.40 ab | 50.40±2.09 b | 57.38±1.05 a |
MHR | 8.24±0.28 a | 4.24±0.21 a | 12.47±0.24 a | 56.83±1.08 ab | 62.31±2.57 a | 58.58±1.53 a |
IJR | 8.01±0.21 ab | 3.12±0.27 b | 11.14±0.26 b | 54.11±1.47 b | 40.84±1.42 c | 49.45±0.95 b |
类型 Type | 品种 Variety | 关键时间节点(月-日)Key time point for rice growth (month-day) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
FTP | FPI | FHD | FHP | RHD | RMA | ||
EIR | ZZ143 | 04-25 | 05-25 | 06-14 | 07-18 | 08-17 | 09-22 |
ZZ39 | 04-25 | 05-27 | 06-16 | 07-19 | 08-18 | 09-26 | |
EHR | LLY916 | 04-25 | 05-29 | 06-17 | 07-23 | 08-20 | 09-27 |
LLY268 | 04-25 | 05-29 | 06-19 | 07-27 | 08-21 | 09-30 | |
MHR | LLY1307 | 04-25 | 06-21 | 07-16 | 08-18 | 09-10 | 10-26 |
HLY898 | 04-25 | 06-19 | 07-16 | 08-18 | 09-08 | 10-24 | |
IJR | YY6720 | 04-25 | 06-21 | 07-19 | 08-20 | 09-15 | 11-04 |
YY4918 | 04-25 | 06-23 | 07-21 | 08-23 | 09-18 | 11-08 |
表2 不同类型再生稻品种的关键生育期
Table 2 Key growth stages of different types of ratoon rice varieties
类型 Type | 品种 Variety | 关键时间节点(月-日)Key time point for rice growth (month-day) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
FTP | FPI | FHD | FHP | RHD | RMA | ||
EIR | ZZ143 | 04-25 | 05-25 | 06-14 | 07-18 | 08-17 | 09-22 |
ZZ39 | 04-25 | 05-27 | 06-16 | 07-19 | 08-18 | 09-26 | |
EHR | LLY916 | 04-25 | 05-29 | 06-17 | 07-23 | 08-20 | 09-27 |
LLY268 | 04-25 | 05-29 | 06-19 | 07-27 | 08-21 | 09-30 | |
MHR | LLY1307 | 04-25 | 06-21 | 07-16 | 08-18 | 09-10 | 10-26 |
HLY898 | 04-25 | 06-19 | 07-16 | 08-18 | 09-08 | 10-24 | |
IJR | YY6720 | 04-25 | 06-21 | 07-19 | 08-20 | 09-15 | 11-04 |
YY4918 | 04-25 | 06-23 | 07-21 | 08-23 | 09-18 | 11-08 |
图2 不同类型再生稻品种各生育阶段的有效积温(EAT) EIR,早熟籼型常规稻;EHR,早熟籼型杂交稻;MHR,中熟籼型杂交稻;IJR,籼粳杂交稻。FTP,头季移栽的日期;FPI,头季穗分化的日期;FHD,头季抽穗的日期;FHP,头季收获的日期;RHD,再生季抽穗的日期;RMA,再生季成熟的日期。TFP-FPI,头季稻从移栽到穗分化的阶段。其他生育阶段依此类推。同一生育时期内柱上无相同字母的表示差异显著(P<0.05)。下同。
Fig.2 The effective accumulated temperature (EAT) of different growth periods for different types of ratoon rice varieties EIR, Early indica rice; EHR, Early indica hybrid rice; MHR, Middle-season indica hybrid rice; IJR, Indica-japonica hybrid rice. FTP, The date of transplanting for the main crop rice; FPI, The date of panicle initiation for the main crop rice; FHD, The date of heading for the main crop rice; FHP, The date of harvest for the main crop rice; RHD, The date of heading for the ratoon rice; RMA, The date of mature for the ratoon rice. TFP-FPI, The grwoth period from transplanting to panicle initiation for the main crop rice. The rest may be deduced by analogy. Bars marked without the same letters in the same growth period indicate significant differnce at P<0.05. The same as below.
图4 不同类型再生稻品种关键生育期的平均气温 RPI,再生季穗分化的日期。图5同。
Fig.4 The average temperature in key growth period of different types of ratoon rice varieties RPI, The date of panicle initiation for the ratoon rice. The same as in Fig. 5.
图5 不同类型再生稻品种头季关键生育期的最高气温与再生季关键生育期的最低气温
Fig.5 The maximum temperature in key growth period of main crop rice and the minimum temperature in key growth period of ratoon rice for different types of ratoon rice varieties
类型 Type | 光能生产效率 Solar radiation production efficiency/(g·MJ-1) | 有效积温生产效率 EAT production efficiency/(kg·hm-2·℃-1·d-1) | 年有效积温利 用率 Use efficiency of annual EAT/% | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
头季 Main crop rice | 再生季 Ratoon rice | 平均值 Mean | 头季 Main crop rice | 再生季 Ratoon rice | 平均值 Mean | ||
EIR | 0.45±0.04 a | 0.31±0.03 bc | 0.40±0.01 a | 5.21±0.48 a | 2.66±0.24 c | 4.10±0.14 ab | 83.75±1.63 b |
EHR | 0.43±0.01 ab | 0.33±0.01 b | 0.40±0.01 a | 4.73±0.22 ab | 2.97±0.15 bc | 4.02±0.05 bc | 86.10±0.99 b |
MHR | 0.41±0.02 ab | 0.41±0.02 a | 0.40±0.01 a | 4.16±0.08 bc | 4.69±0.13 a | 4.35±0.10 a | 92.75±0.21 a |
IJR | 0.37±0.01 b | 0.27±0.01 c | 0.33±0.01 b | 3.92±0.01 c | 3.40±0.25 b | 3.78±0.08 c | 95.35±0.35 a |
表3 不同类型再生稻品种的温光资源利用效率
Table 3 Utilization efficiency of temperature and light resources of different types of ratoon rice varieties
类型 Type | 光能生产效率 Solar radiation production efficiency/(g·MJ-1) | 有效积温生产效率 EAT production efficiency/(kg·hm-2·℃-1·d-1) | 年有效积温利 用率 Use efficiency of annual EAT/% | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
头季 Main crop rice | 再生季 Ratoon rice | 平均值 Mean | 头季 Main crop rice | 再生季 Ratoon rice | 平均值 Mean | ||
EIR | 0.45±0.04 a | 0.31±0.03 bc | 0.40±0.01 a | 5.21±0.48 a | 2.66±0.24 c | 4.10±0.14 ab | 83.75±1.63 b |
EHR | 0.43±0.01 ab | 0.33±0.01 b | 0.40±0.01 a | 4.73±0.22 ab | 2.97±0.15 bc | 4.02±0.05 bc | 86.10±0.99 b |
MHR | 0.41±0.02 ab | 0.41±0.02 a | 0.40±0.01 a | 4.16±0.08 bc | 4.69±0.13 a | 4.35±0.10 a | 92.75±0.21 a |
IJR | 0.37±0.01 b | 0.27±0.01 c | 0.33±0.01 b | 3.92±0.01 c | 3.40±0.25 b | 3.78±0.08 c | 95.35±0.35 a |
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