Evaluation of fertility quality in typical “non-grain” cultivated soils of Zhejiang Province of China based on the improved Nemerow method

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20240531

Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (8): 1755-1765.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20240531

• Environmental Science • Previous Articles Next Articles

Evaluation of fertility quality in typical “non-grain” cultivated soils of Zhejiang Province of China based on the improved Nemerow method

GAO Yang¹^,²(), ZHANG Yuxin¹^,², BU Aiai¹^,², XU Jiayi¹^,², MA Jiawei¹^,², YE Zhengqian¹^,², LIU Dan¹^,², FANG Xianzhi¹^,²^,^*()

1. Key Laboratory of Soil Remediation and Quality Improvement of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
2. National Key Laboratory for Development and Utilization of Forest Food Resources, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China

Received:2024-06-20 Online:2025-08-25 Published:2025-09-03
Contact: FANG Xianzhi

Abstract

Abstract:

In the present study, 117 soil samples were collected from three kinds of typical “non-grain” cultivated soils (bamboo forests, nurseries and orchards) in Zhejiang Province of China. The pH value and contents of organic matter, available nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in these soil samples were measured. According to the grading standards of the Second National Soil Survey, the nutrient levels of these samples were assessed. Meanwhile, the improved Nemerow method was used to comprehensively evaluate the fertility of these soil samples. The results showed that the average comprehensive fertility index of the soil samples in bamboo forests and orchards was 1.32 and 1.15, respectively, belonging to the level Ⅱ (general level), and the average comprehensive fertility index of the soil samples in orchards was 0.87, belonging to the level Ⅲ (poor level). For the soil samples in bamboo forests, the average pH value was 4.94, which was acidic; the average organic matter content was 36.20 g·kg^-1, which was classified as the abundant level; and the average contents of available nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium were 153.28, 170.56, 235.09 mg·kg^-1, which were all classified as the extremely abundant level. For the soil samples in nurseries, the average pH value was 6.06, which was weakly acidic; the average contents of organic matter and available potassium were 16.96 g·kg^-1 and 73.50 mg·kg^-1, which were classified as the moderately low level; and the contents of available nitrogen and available phosphorus were 122.87, 34.42 mg·kg^-1, which were classified as the abundant level. For the soil samples in orchards, the average pH value was 5.13, which was acidic; the average contents of organic matter and available nitrogen were 22.48 g·kg^-1 and 117.81 mg·kg^-1, which were classified as the moderate level; and the contents of available phosphorus and available potassium were 71.96, 205.96 mg·kg^-1, which were classified as the extremely abundant level. It was suggested that each region should formulate soil improvement and fertilization plans tailored to local conditions, with rational application of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers as well as reduced application of phosphorus fertilizer, to ensure the sustainable and efficient utilization of the re-cultivated soil resources in the future agricultural production.

Key words: “non-grain” cultivated soil, soil fertility evaluation, comprehensive fertility index

CLC Number:

S158

GAO Yang, ZHANG Yuxin, BU Aiai, XU Jiayi, MA Jiawei, YE Zhengqian, LIU Dan, FANG Xianzhi. Evaluation of fertility quality in typical “non-grain” cultivated soils of Zhejiang Province of China based on the improved Nemerow method[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2025, 37(8): 1755-1765.

Figures/Tables 6

References 38

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类型 Type	地点 Location	纬度 Latitude (N)	经度 Longitude (E)	样品数 Number of samples
竹林 Bamboo forests	杭州市临安区太湖源镇 Taihuyuan Town, Lin’an District, Hangzhou	30°15'	119°35'	57
苗木园 Nurseries	杭州市富阳区新桐乡 Xintong Township, Fuyang District, Hangzhou	29°54'	119°49'	5
苗木园 Nurseries	杭州市富阳区春建乡 Chunjian Township, Fuyang District, Hangzhou	30°04'	119°49'	12
苗木园 Nurseries	杭州市萧山区党湾镇 Dangwan Town, Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou	30°12'	120°33'	3
苗木园 Nurseries	杭州市萧山区益农镇 Yinong Town, Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou	30°09'	120°35'	8
苗木园 Nurseries	杭州市萧山区瓜沥镇 Guali Town, Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou	30°12'	120°28'	2
果园 Orchards	金华市浦江县前吴乡 Qianwu Township, Pujiang County, Jinhua City	29°27'	119°49'	3
果园 Orchards	金华市浦江县黄宅镇 Huangzhai Town, Pujiang County, Jinhua City	29°27'	119°59'	3
果园 Orchards	金华市浦江县浦南街道 Punan Sub-district, Pujiang County, Jinhua City	29°26'	119°54'	3
果园 Orchards	金华市浦江县仙华街道 Xianhua Sub-district, Pujiang County, Jinhua City	29°29'	119°54'	3
果园 Orchards	金华市婺城区长山乡 Changshan Township, Wucheng District, Jinhua City	29°01'	119°33'	11
果园 Orchards	金华市婺城区蒋堂镇 Jiangtang Town, Wucheng District, Jinhua City	29°03'	119°27'	5
果园 Orchards	金华市婺城区沙畈乡 Shafan Township, Wucheng District, Jinhua City	28°47'	119°25'	2

类型 Type	地点 Location	纬度 Latitude (N)	经度 Longitude (E)	样品数 Number of samples
竹林 Bamboo forests	杭州市临安区太湖源镇 Taihuyuan Town, Lin’an District, Hangzhou	30°15'	119°35'	57
苗木园 Nurseries	杭州市富阳区新桐乡 Xintong Township, Fuyang District, Hangzhou	29°54'	119°49'	5
苗木园 Nurseries	杭州市富阳区春建乡 Chunjian Township, Fuyang District, Hangzhou	30°04'	119°49'	12
苗木园 Nurseries	杭州市萧山区党湾镇 Dangwan Town, Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou	30°12'	120°33'	3
苗木园 Nurseries	杭州市萧山区益农镇 Yinong Town, Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou	30°09'	120°35'	8
苗木园 Nurseries	杭州市萧山区瓜沥镇 Guali Town, Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou	30°12'	120°28'	2
果园 Orchards	金华市浦江县前吴乡 Qianwu Township, Pujiang County, Jinhua City	29°27'	119°49'	3
果园 Orchards	金华市浦江县黄宅镇 Huangzhai Town, Pujiang County, Jinhua City	29°27'	119°59'	3
果园 Orchards	金华市浦江县浦南街道 Punan Sub-district, Pujiang County, Jinhua City	29°26'	119°54'	3
果园 Orchards	金华市浦江县仙华街道 Xianhua Sub-district, Pujiang County, Jinhua City	29°29'	119°54'	3
果园 Orchards	金华市婺城区长山乡 Changshan Township, Wucheng District, Jinhua City	29°01'	119°33'	11
果园 Orchards	金华市婺城区蒋堂镇 Jiangtang Town, Wucheng District, Jinhua City	29°03'	119°27'	5
果园 Orchards	金华市婺城区沙畈乡 Shafan Township, Wucheng District, Jinhua City	28°47'	119°25'	2

级别Grade	SOM/(g·kg^-1)	SAN/(mg·kg^-1)	SAP/(mg·kg^-1)	SAK/(mg·kg^-1)
Ⅰ级Grade Ⅰ	≥40	≥150	≥40	≥200
Ⅱ级Grade Ⅱ	30~<40	120~<150	20~<40	150~<200
Ⅲ级Grade Ⅲ	20~<30	90~<120	10~<20	100~<150
Ⅳ级Grade Ⅳ	10~<20	60~<90	5~<10	50~<100
Ⅴ级Grade Ⅴ	6~<10	30~<60	3~<5	30~<50
Ⅵ级Grade Ⅵ	<6	<30	<3	<30

级别Grade	SOM/(g·kg^-1)	SAN/(mg·kg^-1)	SAP/(mg·kg^-1)	SAK/(mg·kg^-1)
Ⅰ级Grade Ⅰ	≥40	≥150	≥40	≥200
Ⅱ级Grade Ⅱ	30~<40	120~<150	20~<40	150~<200
Ⅲ级Grade Ⅲ	20~<30	90~<120	10~<20	100~<150
Ⅳ级Grade Ⅳ	10~<20	60~<90	5~<10	50~<100
Ⅴ级Grade Ⅴ	6~<10	30~<60	3~<5	30~<50
Ⅵ级Grade Ⅵ	<6	<30	<3	<30

土地类型 Soil type	项目 ltem	pH值 pH value	SOM/(g·kg^-1)	SAN/(mg·kg^-1)	SAP/(mg·kg^-1)	SAK/(mg·kg^-1)
竹林 Bamboo forests	平均值±标准差 Mean±standard deviation	4.94±0.72 b	36.20±21.82 a	153.28±69.43 a	170.56±114.38 a	235.09±152.61 a
	范围Range	3.43~6.32	0.57~99.22	18.30~312.60	1.60~435.30	41.00~1 020.00
	变异系数 Coefficient of variation/%	14.56	60.27	45.29	67.06	64.91
苗木园 Nurseries	平均值±标准差 Mean±standard deviation	6.06±1.42 a	16.96±9.1 b	122.87±49.36 a	34.42±26.60 b	73.50±78.91 b
	范围Range	4.00~8.28	1.90~32.22	38.90~236.80	6.60~99.80	12.00~440.00
	变异系数 Coefficient of variation/%	23.52	53.64	40.17	77.27	107.37
果园 Orchards	平均值±标准差 Mean±standard deviation	5.13±0.63 b	22.48±6.10 b	117.81±41.26 a	71.96±50.30 b	205.96±188.51 a
	范围Range	3.68~6.57	12.90~38.20	54.67~210.89	6.70~169.00	56.20~846.00
	变异系数 Coefficient of variation/%	12.20	27.11	35.02	69.90	91.53

Evaluation of fertility quality in typical “non-grain” cultivated soils of Zhejiang Province of China based on the improved Nemerow method

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土地类型 Soil type	项目 ltem	pH值 pH value	SOM/(g·kg^-1)	SAN/(mg·kg^-1)	SAP/(mg·kg^-1)	SAK/(mg·kg^-1)
竹林 Bamboo forests	平均值±标准差 Mean±standard deviation	1.43±0.52 b	1.55±0.83 a	1.46±0.66 a	2.69±0.81 a	2.06±0.88 a
	范围Range	1.00~2.50	0.03~3.00	0.17~2.98	0.13~3.00	0.41~3.00
	变异系数 Coefficient of variation/%	36.46	53.71	45.30	30.04	42.60
苗木园 Nurseries	平均值±标准差 Mean±standard deviation	1.85±0.68 a	0.75±0.40 b	1.17±0.47 a	1.97±0.99 b	0.69±0.85 c
	范围Range	1.00~3.00	0.08~1.43	0.37~2.26	0.53~3.00	0.12~3.00
	变异系数 Coefficient of variation/%	36.98	53.64	40.17	50.21	83.99
果园 Orchards	平均值±标准差 Mean±standard deviation	1.47±0.54 b	1.00±0.27 b	1.12±0.39 a	2.53±0.79 a	1.62±0.74 b
	范围Range	1.00~3.00	0.57~1.70	0.52~2.01	0.54~3.00	0.56~3.00
	变异系数 Coefficient of variation/%	36.84	27.11	35.02	31.22	45.65

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