Comprehensive evaluation of 45 adzuki bean germplasms

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20250640

Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis ›› 2026, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (6): 1177-1186.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20250640

• Crop Science • Previous Articles Next Articles

Comprehensive evaluation of 45 adzuki bean germplasms

LAN Huijie(), GAO Hongwei, JI Jiaruo, CAI Ruiguo, ZHANG Min, LIN Xiaohu, YANG Min^*()

Hebei Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao 066600, Hebei, China

Received:2025-10-10 Online:2026-06-25 Published:2026-07-14

Abstract

Abstract:

As an important traditional coarse cereal crop in China, adzuki bean (Vigna angularis) holds significant value in both agricultural economy and nutritional health. However, the main production areas are facing bottleneck problems such as germplasm degradation, declining stress resistance, and separation of quality traits. In this study, 45 adzuki bean germplasm resources were used as materials to systematically determine agronomic traits and starch and crude protein contents. An improved membership function model based on the entropy weight method (EWM-UMF) was constructed, and principal component analysis (PCA), discriminant function analysis (DFA), and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) were combined to analyze the trait association network, yielding comprehensive coefficients of the germplasms. The results showed that the coefficients of variation for pods per plant and seeds per plant were the highest, at 30.16% and 28.03%, respectively, while that for crude protein content was the lowest, at 4.27%. Principal component analysis extracted three principal components, representing yield component factors, seed size and branching characteristics, and plant morphology, with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 69.860%. Hierarchical cluster analysis divided the germplasms into three groups: Group Ⅰ consisted of 2 low-yield germplasms, Group Ⅱ consisted of 4 high-yield germplasms, and Group Ⅲ consisted of 39 medium-yield, large-seed, high-starch germplasms. Through comprehensive evaluation based on the membership function, five elite germplasms (A35, A40, A39, A11, and A13) were selected. Stepwise regression analysis indicated that plant height, stem diameter, branch number, pods per plant, seeds per plant, seed yield per plant, and crude protein content were key evaluation indicators. This study innovatively integrates multi-dimensional statistical methods to form a hierarchical evaluation system, providing a theoretical basis and practical guidance for the evaluation and selection of adzuki bean germplasm resources.

Key words: adzuki bean, germplasm resource, principal component analysis, cluster analysis, comprehensive evaluation

CLC Number:

S521

LAN Huijie, GAO Hongwei, JI Jiaruo, CAI Ruiguo, ZHANG Min, LIN Xiaohu, YANG Min. Comprehensive evaluation of 45 adzuki bean germplasms[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2026, 38(6): 1177-1186.

Figures/Tables 7

References 26

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编号 Number	种质名称 Germplasm name	编号 Number	种质名称 Germplasm name	编号 Number	种质名称 Germplasm name	编号 Number	种质名称 Germplasm name
A1	GHPX02	A13	保红2008.31-2 Baohong 2008.31-2	A25	品红2011-18 Pinhong 2011-18	A37	10.0309-3-3-1-1-3-1-1-1-1-1
A2	I19012-27	A14	红泉3号 Hongquan 3	A26	日本大纳言 Dainagon Adzuki	A38	2.(混黑9218)-2-4-1-1-2 2.(hunhei9218)-2-4-1-1-2
A3	白红2号 Baihong 2	A15	红象2号 Hongxiang 2	A27	唐红2010-12 Tanghong 2010-12	A39	3.030-3-3-1-1-3-1-1-1-1-2
A4	白红8号 Baihong 8	A16	吉红9号 Jihong 9	A28	唐山红小豆 Tangshanhongxiaodou	A40	4.1105-5-5-1
A5	白红9号 Baihong 9	A17	吉红10号 Jihong 10	A29	同杂-6 Tongza-6	A41	5.0921-4-2-1-2-1-1
A6	保红876 Baohong 876	A18	冀红4号 Jihong 4	A30	音更 Yingeng	A42	6.1105反-5-5-2 6.1105 Fan-5-5-2
A7	保红947 Baohong 947	A19	冀红8号 Jihong 8	A31	渝红1号 Yuhong 1	A43	7.1218-6-4
A8	保红0764 Baohong 0764	A20	冀红13号 Jihong 13	A32	渝红2号 Yuhong 2	A44	8.1019-9-1-3-3
A9	保红0778 Baohong 0778	A21	冀红14号 Jihong 14	A33	渝红5号 Yuhong 5	A45	9.0001-15-10-2-2-4-2-1-1-2
A10	保红3992 Baohong 3992	A22	冀红16号 Jihong 16	A34	珍珠红 Zhenzhuhong
A11	保红4795 Baohong 5795	A23	冀红9218 Jihong 9218	A35	中红7号 Zhonghong 7
A12	保红8824 Baohong 8824	A24	垦鉴红 Kenjianhong	A36	1.1218-8-3

编号 Number	种质名称 Germplasm name	编号 Number	种质名称 Germplasm name	编号 Number	种质名称 Germplasm name	编号 Number	种质名称 Germplasm name
A1	GHPX02	A13	保红2008.31-2 Baohong 2008.31-2	A25	品红2011-18 Pinhong 2011-18	A37	10.0309-3-3-1-1-3-1-1-1-1-1
A2	I19012-27	A14	红泉3号 Hongquan 3	A26	日本大纳言 Dainagon Adzuki	A38	2.(混黑9218)-2-4-1-1-2 2.(hunhei9218)-2-4-1-1-2
A3	白红2号 Baihong 2	A15	红象2号 Hongxiang 2	A27	唐红2010-12 Tanghong 2010-12	A39	3.030-3-3-1-1-3-1-1-1-1-2
A4	白红8号 Baihong 8	A16	吉红9号 Jihong 9	A28	唐山红小豆 Tangshanhongxiaodou	A40	4.1105-5-5-1
A5	白红9号 Baihong 9	A17	吉红10号 Jihong 10	A29	同杂-6 Tongza-6	A41	5.0921-4-2-1-2-1-1
A6	保红876 Baohong 876	A18	冀红4号 Jihong 4	A30	音更 Yingeng	A42	6.1105反-5-5-2 6.1105 Fan-5-5-2
A7	保红947 Baohong 947	A19	冀红8号 Jihong 8	A31	渝红1号 Yuhong 1	A43	7.1218-6-4
A8	保红0764 Baohong 0764	A20	冀红13号 Jihong 13	A32	渝红2号 Yuhong 2	A44	8.1019-9-1-3-3
A9	保红0778 Baohong 0778	A21	冀红14号 Jihong 14	A33	渝红5号 Yuhong 5	A45	9.0001-15-10-2-2-4-2-1-1-2
A10	保红3992 Baohong 3992	A22	冀红16号 Jihong 16	A34	珍珠红 Zhenzhuhong
A11	保红4795 Baohong 5795	A23	冀红9218 Jihong 9218	A35	中红7号 Zhonghong 7
A12	保红8824 Baohong 8824	A24	垦鉴红 Kenjianhong	A36	1.1218-8-3

性状 Character	株高/cm Plant height/cm	茎粗/mm Stem diameter/mm	分枝数 Branch number	单株荚数 Pod number per plant	单株粒数 Grain number per plant	千粒重/g 1 000-grain weight/g	单株籽粒产量/g Grain yield per plant/g	淀粉含量/% Starch content/%	粗蛋白含量/% Crude protein content/%
最大值Maximum	77.70	8.14	18.33	72.70	329.18	178.58	33.57	60.94	25.49
最小值Minimun	24.12	4.98	7.33	8.94	55.13	77.41	7.75	46.47	20.10
平均值Average	47.14	6.95	12.63	42.77	192.62	141.34	26.54	53.49	23.11
标准差 Standard deviation	11.93	0.61	2.28	12.90	53.98	24.08	4.32	3.81	0.99
变异系数/% Coefficient of variation/%	25.30	8.83	18.06	30.16	28.03	17.04	16.26	7.12	4.27

性状 Character	株高/cm Plant height/cm	茎粗/mm Stem diameter/mm	分枝数 Branch number	单株荚数 Pod number per plant	单株粒数 Grain number per plant	千粒重/g 1 000-grain weight/g	单株籽粒产量/g Grain yield per plant/g	淀粉含量/% Starch content/%	粗蛋白含量/% Crude protein content/%
最大值Maximum	77.70	8.14	18.33	72.70	329.18	178.58	33.57	60.94	25.49
最小值Minimun	24.12	4.98	7.33	8.94	55.13	77.41	7.75	46.47	20.10
平均值Average	47.14	6.95	12.63	42.77	192.62	141.34	26.54	53.49	23.11
标准差 Standard deviation	11.93	0.61	2.28	12.90	53.98	24.08	4.32	3.81	0.99
变异系数/% Coefficient of variation/%	25.30	8.83	18.06	30.16	28.03	17.04	16.26	7.12	4.27

指标 Index	因子载荷Factor loading
指标 Index	PC1	PC2	PC3
株高Plant height	0.062	-0.004	0.669
茎粗Stem diameter	0.108	-0.162	0.507
分枝数Branch number	-0.014	0.428	0.500
单株荚数Pod number per plant	0.503	0.053	-0.035
单株粒数Grain number per plant	0.541	-0.087	-0.033
千粒重1 000-grain weight	-0.375	0.422	0.019
单株籽粒产量Grain yield per plant	0.385	0.315	-0.147
淀粉含量Starch content	-0.020	0.666	-0.145
粗蛋白含量Crude protein content	-0.386	-0.245	-0.019
特征值Eigenvalue	3.108	1.702	1.477
方差贡献率/% Variance contribution rate/%	34.530	18.920	16.410
累计方差贡献率/% Cumulative variance contribution rate/%	34.530	53.450	69.860
因子权重Factor weight	0.494	0.271	0.235

Comprehensive evaluation of 45 adzuki bean germplasms

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性状 Traits	类群Ⅰ Group Ⅰ		类群Ⅱ Group Ⅱ		类群Ⅲ Group Ⅲ
性状 Traits	均值 Mean	变异系数/% CV/%	均值 Mean	变异系数/% CV/%	均值 Mean	变异系数/% CV/%
株高/cm Plant height/cm	36.87	8.78	55.10	15.45	46.85	25.82
茎粗/mm Stem diameter/mm	6.83	21.34	7.25	9.18	6.92	8.34
分枝数Branch number	10.42	5.66	12.42	15.52	12.76	18.27
单株荚数Pod number per plant	10.22	17.64	57.87	16.09	42.89	24.00
单株粒数Grain number per plant	57.11	4.89	299.21	7.61	188.64	18.01
千粒重/g 1 000-grain weight/g	133.32	2.33	95.39	18.33	146.46	13.56
单株籽粒产量/g Grain yield per plant/g	12.61	54.53	28.36	14.59	27.07	10.53
淀粉含量/% Starch content/%	52.58	0.98	52.88	8.84	53.59	7.22
粗蛋白含量/% Crude protein content/%	24.08	5.31	22.10	6.28	23.16	3.79

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