Archive

25 January 2013, Volume 25 Issue 1 Previous Issue    Next Issue
---
论文


For Selected:

Download Citations EndNote Ris BibTeX

Toggle Thumbnails

论文

Select

Analysis of disease resistance and its mechanism in rice lesion mimic mutant spl5 FU Shu-fang;CHEN Xi-feng*;HAO Liang;SUN Qing-zhi;JIN Yang;MA Bo-jun** 2013, 25(1):  0-7.  Abstract ( 653 )   PDF (2053KB) ( 1616 )   Hypersensitive response （HR） is an effective way of plants against pathogens. Lesion mimic mutants spontaneously exhibit HR-like cell death in absence of pathogens， and are of great significance in dissecting the molecular mechanisms of disease resistance in plants. In this study， it was found that the resistance against 4 Philippine races and 10 Chinese races was significantly enhanced in the spl5 mutant， indicating that the spl5 mutant displays a broad-spectrum resistance to Xoo. Reactive oxygen species （ROS） were significantly accumulated in spl5 leaves， which is an early feature of HR with reactive oxygen burst， meanwhile, activities of ROS scavenging enzymes such as SOD， POD and CAT significantly changed in spl5， indicating that the imbalance of ROS metabolism might trigger HR occurrence in spl5. In addition， RT-PCR-based assay showed that transcriptional levels of EDS1， AOS2 and LOX2， key regulators in salicylic acid （SA） and jasmonic acid （JA） signaling pathways， respectively， and their downstream pathogenesis-related genes such as PR1a and PR1b were up\|regulated in spl5. Taken together， these results clearly indicated that spl5 mutation might activate both SA and JA signaling pathways and consequently trigger systematic defense responses in plants． Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Rapid determination of nitrofuran metabolites in aquatic products by colloidal gold method LIU Aichun;LIU Chao;ZHAO Yun;SANG Liya;WANG Zhenguo;CHEN Feidong 2013, 25(1):  0-102.  Abstract ( 515 )   PDF (1381KB) ( 1544 )   The fast methods of the derivatization of nitrofuran metabolites（AOZ, SEM, AMOZ, AHD） in aquatic products were investigated. The results showed that the optimal derivation condition was adding 4\|carbonyl\|benzaldehyde （4\|CBA） or 2\|nitrobenzaldehyde （2\|NBA） solution， then insulating in 60℃ constant temperature water bath for 60 min in acid medium. By comparing and selecting the clean\|up， extraction， and purification methods of the samples，the colloidal gold rapid test methods for the determination of nitrofuran metabolites in aquatic products had been developed and the colloidal gold rapid test kit had been successfully produced. Their lowest detection limits for AOZ， SEM， AMOZ and AHD were 05， 1. 0， 10 and 10 μg·kg-1 respectively， and the shortest test time for one sample was 90 min. These test results were confirmed by the methods of liquid chromatography\|tandem mass spectrometry and the coincidence rate of two methods was 98%. The colloidal gold rapid test methods were fast， easy to handle， inexpensive and of great application value for rapid detection． Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Establishment of LAMP for detection of porcine circovirus type 2 SHEN Shichuan;WANG Yicheng;*;YUAN Xiufang;XYU Lihua;LI Junxing 2013, 25(1):  0-26.  Abstract ( 470 )   PDF (1574KB) ( 1177 )   In this study， a convenient， sensitive， specific and appreciable LAMP （loop\|mediated isothermal amplification） assay for detection of PCV-2 （porcine circocirus type 2） based on the ORF2 gene was established. This method completed amplification of PCV-2 in the role of the Bst DNA polymerase， by four specific primers designed through six sites of target sequence. After optimization of the reaction mixture and conditions， the assay could successfully detect PCV-2 genomic DNA at 61℃ for 1 h， which was easy to operate， never need PCR instrument and other complex instruments， and the result can be obtained by agarose gel electrophoresis or naked eye. The sensitivity and specificity tests showed that the method was able to detect PCV-2 specifically and its sensitivity could be up to 0.5 pg PCV-2 DNA. The positive rate of LAMP method for PCV-2 was 100% in accordance with international standard of PCR. This study provided an easier， faster way for rapid detection of PCV-2， which met the needs of grass-roots quarantine． Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Quantification of phytometallophore nicotianamine （NA） in rice by HPL-MS/MS LI Jinhui;JIANG Xinhang;WU Shihua;* 2013, 25(1):  0-13.  Abstract ( 542 )   PDF (1697KB) ( 1264 )   Phytometallophores play an important role in plant roots for uptaking insoluble mineral nutrients from soil via chelation. One of the important hytometallophores， nicotianamine （NA）， is an only known low molecular mass Fe（II） complexing compound which can be found in all higher plant species. In this work, we developed a convincing method by using high performance liquid chromatography\|mass spectrometry mass spectrometry （HPLC\|MS/MS） to detemine the content of NA in rice. As a result， HPLC was performed on a Zorbax SB-Aq C18 column （2.1×100 mm，3.5 μm） with the 0.5％ formate-acid solution-methanol as the mobile phase. The flow rate was 0.3 mL·min-1 with gradient elution. The mass spectrometry detection was performed on the eletronspray tandem mass spectrum in the positive mode and scanned in positive-ionization mode. Multiple reaction monitor was used to detect the NA concentration.The results indicated that NA had a good linear relationship within the range of 0.127-65 ng·20 μL-1（R2=0.9997）. The relative standard deviation was 2.37％． Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Preliminary bioinformatics analysis of aquaporin sequences available in cotton WANG Wei;WANG Changbiao;CHEN Haodong;LIU Fang;WANG Chunying;ZHANG Xiangdi;WANG Yyuhong;WANG Kunbo;* 2013, 25(1):  0-20.  Abstract ( 534 )   PDF (5636KB) ( 1239 )   Aquaporin（AQP） is a kind of inner epicyte protein which efficiently transports water molecule relevant to drought resistance and plays an important role in water regulation. To evaluate and analyze cotton AQP sequence resources preliminarily， the latest 52 AQP sequences from cotton public database were selected and analyzed by molecular clustering，multi-sequence alignment and distribution and location of AQP genes in subtype cell. The results indicated that AQPs were roughly divided into seven categories with a rich diversity， and AQP genes played an important role in the transportation through membrane and photosynthesis. Besides， 328 AQP sequences from rice， soybean， maize， Arabidopsis and the latest online 52 AQP sequences available in cotton were carried out with molecular clustering. The results showed that 48 out of the 52 AQP sequences in cotton and soybean gathered for a clustering with a closer genetic distance. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effects of mating in the different seasonal temperature conditions on reproductive performance of sows CHEN Shaomeng;LU Fuzeng;*;HUA Weidong;XYU Ruhai;CHU Xiaohong;DAI Lihe;HU Jinping;ZHEN Shouqian 2013, 25(1):  0-30.  Abstract ( 496 )   PDF (1116KB) ( 1429 )   In order to explore the effects of mating in the different seasonal temperature conditions on reproductive performance of sows， we made a statistical analysis of sow reproductive record of a Zhejiang pig farm in recent three years. The results showed that: the parturition rate and the number of live born of sow mating in summer is the lowest （69.67%， 8.34）， which reduced by 5.06%， 4.04%， 4.62% and 0.21， 0.65， 0.82 compared with that in spring， autumn and winter respectively. The average birth weight of piglet born in spring after sow mating in winter was 1.34 kg， which increased by 0.19， 0.12 and 0.07 kg. The rearing rate of piglet born in spring after sow mating in winter was in a high level （85.31%）， next to piglet born in summer after sow mating in spring(88.86%). Therefore， the temperature has a great influence on reproductive performance of sows， and the optimal mating season is in winter． Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Genetic diversity of indigenous grey goose breeds based on microsatellite markers by automatic scanning technique DUAN Xiujun;XYU Qi;QIAO Na;CHEN Guohong;DONG Biao;SUN Guobo 2013, 25(1):  0-42.  Abstract ( 491 )   PDF (1549KB) ( 1191 )   The genetic polymorphisms of 3 goose breeds（Shitou goose， Wuzong goose and Magang goose）were analyzed by 10 fluorescent labeling microsatellite primers. The allelic frequency， genetic parameter and genetic distance were compared among different breeds. The data would be used to study genesis， conservancy and exploitation about breeds. Sixty\|three allelic were indicated in 10 microsatellites about three goose breeds. The frequency of allelic was between 0 and 08833. Some allelic belong to single breed which could be used to identify different breeds. The heterozygosity of Magang goose （0.6530） was the highest， and Wuzong goose （0.5712） was the lowest. The three goose breeds PIC were all at high level. There was a large of genetic diversity in three goose breeds. The distance of Wuzong goose and Magang goose was the nearest that was accord with genesis of breeds． Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Establishment of a real time PCR assay for Cyprinus carpio var. jian β-actin as a reference gene TANG Yongkai;YYU Jyhua;XYU Pao;*;LI Jianlin;LI Hongxia;DONG Zaijie;REN Hongtao 2013, 25(1):  0-36.  Abstract ( 622 )   PDF (1699KB) ( 1278 )   Eukaryotic β-actin played an important role in physiological process and expressed in almost all tissues at a constant expression level. It was always used as a reference gene in real time PCR. The partial cDNA encoding β-actin in Cyprinus carpio var. jian was isolated using RT-PCR. The length of cDNA was 424 bp encoding 138 amino acids with a calculated molecular weight of 15.4 ku. The comparison analysis of the deduced amino acid sequence of C. carpio var. jian β-actin with Danio rerio， Takifugu rubripes， Carassius auratus， etc.， showed that the homology were 99.3% between C. carpio var. jian and D. rerio， however the amino acids homology was 97.8%-98.6% when comparing C. carpio var. jian with other fish. The corresponding DNA sequence of C. carpio var. jian β-actin consisting of 590 bp was also cloned. Comparing the partial cDNA to its corresponding DNA revealed that C.carpio β\|actin gene consisted of two introns. A pair of real time PCR primers cross exon was designed according to the introns sequence of β-actin and a real time PCR method by SYBR GreenⅠ was established. The standard curve was established with liver cDNA as standard template and the melting analysis was also carried out. The results showed that the real time PCR method about β-actin had advantage of high specificity， good correlation coefficients and wide linear range， which supplied useful information in function gene expression study by real time PCR. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Accumulation of fruit sugar components and activities analyzing of sucrose metabolizing enzymes during fruit development of red bayberry XIE Xiaobo;QI Xingjiang;*;JIN Wei;XIANG Kanghua;CHEN Weili;LIANG Senmiao;ZHENG Xiliang;QIU Yingying;HE Huan 2013, 25(1):  0-52.  Abstract ( 516 )   PDF (1340KB) ( 1364 )   The dynamics of fruit developing， accumulation of fruit sugar components and activities of sucrose metabolizing related enzymes were studied in red bayberry during the period from 54 d after blossoming (DAB) to mature by using three varieties， Myrica rubra cv Dongkui， M rubra cv Heijing and M rubra cv Wenlingdamei Results indicated that the fruit sugar components were dominated by sucrose， fructose and glucose Sucrose was the maximum sugar component， about sharing 40%-50% of the total sugar The content of the three components firstly performed a slight decline， and then followed a rapid accumulating till to mature At mature time， the contents of all the three sugar components reached their summits， were 34.4-48.9， 24.6-28.6 and 23.2-27.7 mg·g-1 FW， respectively The titratable acid contents rose first， then decreased and reached the bottom at full mature time during fruit developing， which was 0.44%-0.62% The activities of sucrose metabolizing enzymes， including acid invertase (AI)， neutral invertase (NI) and sucrose synthase (decomposing direction， SSD) showed a similar trend Their activities declined first to low level， then rose gradually and got to their highest at full mature time, they were 40.3-52.8， 31.2-40.5 and 3.5-4.0 mg glucose · g-1 FW， respectively The order of enzyme activity from high to low was： NI > AI > SSD It was probably supposed that the high activity of NI and AI was a main promoter for the accumulation of fructose and glucose in Chinese bayberry fruit at harvesting time The activity of sucrose synthase (synthesizing direction， SSS) and sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) changed differently in M rubra cv Dongkui fruits Both of them reached their highest activity at full mature time， but the activity of SSS was higher than that of SPS They were (53.4±2.4) and (35.8±2.8) mg sucrose · g-1 FW， respectively It probably implied that the high SSS and SPS activity was a main reason of sucrose accumulation in ripe red bayberry fruit， and SSS activity distributed more than that of SPS. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Physiological characteristics of different sizes of Satsuma mandarin fruit with granulation during storage stage WEN Mingxia;SHI Xuegen;WANG Peng;WU Shaohui 2013, 25(1):  0-63.  Abstract ( 506 )   PDF (1226KB) ( 1216 )   The main purpose of this paper was to study the change of citrus fruit granulation index and activities of antioxidant enzymes， physiological mechanism of granulation in different sizes of citrus fruit， and to propose comprehensive prevention measures. Satsuma mandarin fruit with different sizes were used to study the effect of fruit size on granulation index and activities of antioxidant enzymes （superoxide dismutase SOD， catalase CAT and peroxidase POD） during storage. The results showed that fruit granulation appeared at 60 d after storage and granulation index increased as storage time prolonged. The fruit weight loss increased during storage and that of large fruit was 8.3% and 22.9% higher than middle fruit and small fruit respectively at 120 d after stora.e. SOD， CAT and POD activities in citrus peel were higher than those in citrus pulp. SOD and CAT activities in citrus peel and pulp decreased gradually during storage， which were the highest in small fruit and the lowest in large fruit among the three sizes of fruits. POD activities decreased gradually， which were the highest in large fruit but were the lowest in small fruit. Satsuma mandarin fruit granulation was a course of peel senescence. Higher POD activities and lower SOD and CAT activities in peel were the main causes for fruit granulation. Antioxidant enzyme activities of large fruit changed most among three sizes of citrus fruits during storage. As a result， it is recommended that selecting middle\|size and small\|size fruit to store could be regarded as an important measure to prevent Satsuma mandarin fruit granulation during storage time． Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Validation and comparison of drought-responsive microarray with real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR in asparagus bean WANG Sha;XYU Pei;WANG Baogen;WU Xiaohua;HUANG Yunping;LU Zhongfu;LIU Yonghua;LI Guojing;* 2013, 25(1):  0-47.  Abstract ( 461 )   PDF (1858KB) ( 1252 )   Originating from Africa and domesticated in Asia， asparagus bean ［Vigna unguiculata ssp. sesquipedialis （L.） Verdc］ is an important vegetable crop in China. Drought is an important environmental factor restricting the safety of asparagus bean production; therefore it is fundamental to identify drought tolerance genes from the asparagus bean germplasms. Fluorescence quantitative PCR is a useful tool for quantitative assay of gene expression. In this study， we validated and compared expression pattern of a subset of 11 genes from an in-house cowpea cDNA microarray with fluorescence quantitative PCR. It turned out that in roots and leaves of two different asparagus bean cultivars subject to drought stress， qPCR and microarray generally got similar results. The gene/tissue combinations showed congruent expression regulations between the two methods included 27 up-regulated and 7 down-regulated genes， relative to 10 inconsistently observed combinations， giving a rate of consistence of 0.773. This experiment verified the confidence of high-throughput cDNA microarray in monitoring drought-related gene expressions， which lays a foundation for mining and utilizing drought-tolerant genes in asparagus bean. The causes of differential gene expression patterns between the two methods were discussed． Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Investigation and analysis of heavy metal contents in Agaricus bisporus fruiting body in Xuzhou area QIANG Chengkui;QIN Yuehua;*;WEI Feng;LU Zhengli;WANG Songsong;LIU Hengzhen;ZHOU Baoya;** 2013, 25(1):  0-58.  Abstract ( 495 )   PDF (1156KB) ( 1225 )   To understand pollution state of heavy metal in Agaricus bisporus fruiting body in Xuzhou area， 48 covering soils and 48 fruiting bodies were collected from 4 main plantation areas （SNGS， QSTY， JWJZ and FXHK）.Then the contents of Pb， Cd， As and Hg were determined and their pollution degrees， accumulation coefficients， edible security were analyzed. The results showed that the contents of As and Hg in QSTY and FXHK， Cd in FXHK covering soils were higher than their own background value. Only Hg content in QSTY fruiting body was more than 0005 times of the define value of national standard. SNGS and JWJZ fruiting bodies all belonged to the first product， whereas FXHK and QSTY fruiting body was the second and third product， respectively. Pollution grade of heavy metals in QSTY and FXHK fruiting bodies had reached warning grade. Accumulation ability of heavy metals in fruiting bodies among 4 main plantation areas from high to low was Hg， Cd， As and Pb， and these fruiting bodies all met hygienic standard. Thus it could be seen that the contents of 4 heavy metals in Agaricus bisporus fruiting bodies in Xuzhou area basically met the safety standard of pollution-free food． Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effects of two multi-resistance rootstocks on growth and berry quality of Daziwang grapevine WEI Lingzhu;CHENG Jianhui;LI Lin;MEI Junxia;WU Jiang* 2013, 25(1):  0-67.  Abstract ( 459 )   PDF (1123KB) ( 1240 )   Daziwang as scions were grafted on SO4 and Beta rootstocks and the effects of rootstocks on the growth and berry quality were evaluated. The results showed the fruit setting of Daziwang grafted on rootstocks were better than CK. SO4 and Beta rootstock could improve the growth， fruit coloring uniformity， appearance quality and yields of Daziwang grapevine. It was concluded that SO4 and Beta were appropriate rootstocks for Daziwang in plain with river network regions. Beta rootstocks showed obvious effect on potassium， magnesium content and soluble solid content of Daziwang， while SO4 rootstocks showed no obvious effect on mineral element contents and inner quality of Daziwang. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effect of exogenous ABA on physiological indexes of Phalaenopsis under low temperature stress TIAN Danqing;GE Yaying;LIU Xiaojing;PAN Gangmin;SHEN Xiaolan;PAN Xiaoyun;YYU Yongming* 2013, 25(1):  0-72.  Abstract ( 816 )   PDF (1255KB) ( 1283 )   The study was to reveal effects of exogenous ABA on chilling resistance of Phalaenopsis seedlings under low temperature stress. Leaves were sprayed with 50 mg·L-1 ABA under room temperature for 1 day， and then plants were treated under 6℃ for 4 days. Plants treated with water were used as the control. Relative electric conductivity(REC)， malondialdehyde （MDA） and proline content， and activities of catalase （CAT） and superoxide dismutase （SOD） were determined on four days after cold treatment. The results showed that ABA treatment delayed the increase of REC and MDA content， reduced the accumulation of proline， and increased the activities of SOD and CAT. These above results indicated ABA treatment could increase the activities of antioxidant enzymes， reduce the reaction of membrane lipid peroxidation and the infiltration of membrane， and thus decrease the damage under low temperature in Phalaenopsis plants. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Comparative experimental study of several fungicides to Botrytis cinerea FENG Daili;WANG Qiang;*;ZHENG Jici;ZHANG Changpeng;QIU Houyuan 2013, 25(1):  0-123.  Abstract ( 498 )   PDF (1192KB) ( 1384 )   The fungitoxicity of six fungicides registered in control of tomato gray mold and seven fungicides unregistered to Botrytis cinerea were determined. The result showed that 25% SYP-2048 EC had the highest inhibition rates in the six registered fungicides， of which the EC50 value was 0.14 mg·L-1; 25% prochloraz EC had the highest inhibition rates in the five unregistered fungicides （10% polyoxin B included）， of which the EC50 value was 0.66 mg·L-1. In microbial fungicides，the inhibition rate of Trichoderma viride WP （2×108 cfu·g-1），of which the EC50 value was 0.001×108 cfu·L-1， higher than Bacillus subtilis AS（8×109cfu·mL-1）. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Construction and evaluation of the prediction model for florescence of peony in Luoyang City Henan Province CHEN Qi;ZHANG Guanchen;SU Jinle 2013, 25(1):  0-78.  Abstract ( 490 )   PDF (1141KB) ( 1209 )   The relationship between meteorological data and flowering data of peony in Mangshan Mountain from 1983 to 2010 was investigated. The results showed that flowering data was significantly correlated with the soil temperature and accumulated temperature. Through the selected meteorological factors， a prediction model was made by using SAS system. Furthermore， the relative error between the forecasted and the factual values ranged from -2.38% to 1.51%. The model could exactly forecast the florescence， which provided a reliable reference to predicting florescence of peony. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Analysis on differences in the private gardens between the South of Yangtze in Ming and Qing Dynasty of China and the Edo period of Japan ZHANG Peiying;ZHAO Haihe;MI Manning* 2013, 25(1):  0-82.  Abstract ( 407 )   PDF (1118KB) ( 1297 )   China is the representative of Oriental gardens. Chinese culture and thoughts have made great influence on Japanese gardening art development. Japanese garden art is closely continuous with Chinese garden art. However， due to the differences in development and human spirit， gardens in China and Japan are divergent. First of all， the article analyzed the differences in landscape characteristics of private gardens between China and Japan in the same period. Furthermore， the causes of difference were investigated that different growth conditions contribute to different garden cultures. The analysis results in this paper would play a key role in the development of modern Chinese garden art and provide some constructive ideas． Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Post-occupancy evaluation （POE） on the urban park in Wuhan City HU Jinlong;ZHOU Zhixiang;*;ZHANG Xiaolai 2013, 25(1):  0-88.  Abstract ( 424 )   PDF (1138KB) ( 1229 )   Based on the POE research method， an investigation of the urban park in Wuhan City was made. The results showed that the main users of the urban park in Wuhan City were the younger and middle\|aged people， and the ratio of elder people in the residential area park was higher. Ambulation and bus were the main traffic modes that were chosen by residents when they went to park. The main purposes of visiting a park for residents were enjoying nature and exercising. The frequency of visiting the residential area park was the highest and the dwell time of visitors in the comprehensive park was the longest. The satisfaction of environmental sanitation facilities was the highest and service facilities had the lowest satisfaction among all facilities. The satisfaction of all facilities except exercise and recreation facilities was lowest in the residential area park. The management and maintenance of comprehensive park was the best and the residential area park was the worst. Advices and countermeasures for the problems of different parks were put forward， in order to provide scientific references for the improvement of service facilities and management level of the park and the construction and renovation of the park． Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Evaluation of measurement uncertainty in determination of methomyl residues in cowpea by liquid chromatography SHANGGUAN Miaomiao;CAO Xiao 2013, 25(1):  0-112.  Abstract ( 437 )   PDF (1139KB) ( 1233 )   To find out the main sources of measurement uncertainty in the data of carbamate pesticides determination in vegetables by NY/T761\|2008， methomyl residues in cowpea were determined by liquid chromotography(LC). The sources of uncertainty in the whole measuring process were analyzed， and the uncertainty components were evaluated. Ultimately， the relative synthesis standard uncertainty and the relative expansion uncertainty were calculated out. It was showed that measurement uncertainty was mainly derived from the two procedures of peak area of sample solution and solution volume. Therefore， it was necessary to confirm the good state of LC instrument and precise operation in two forementioned procedures for decreasing measurement uncertainty． Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effect of edible fungus residue on dynamic changes of red soil nutrients and rice yield MA Jiawei;HUANG Qiying;CHENG Lize;YE Zhengqian*;WANG Xyudong 2013, 25(1):  0-151.  Abstract ( 563 )   PDF (1131KB) ( 1357 )   In order to investigate the effect of edible fungus residue on soil fertility， dynamic changes of soil nutrients contents and rice growth were monitored in a pot experiment. Results showed that， at rice harvest， soil available phosphorus content increased significantly under application of the highest rate of edible fungus residue，while soil organic matter content increased significantly under combination of the highest rate of edible fungus residue with high rate of chemical fertilizer. Meanwhile soil available potassium content increased significantly under combination of the highest rate of edible fungus residue with medium or minimum rate of chemical fertilizer. However， soil available nitrogen content showed no difference among all treatments. Leaf SPAD index became greater with the increasing rate of chemical fertilizer application， but it appeared that leaf SPAD was little affected by edible fungus residue application. The highest rice grain yield and economic coefficient were gained under combination of the highest rate of chemical fertilizer with high rate of edible fungus residue． Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Behavioral responses of brown planthopper， Nilaparvata lugens（Stl） to the volatile substance released by the same kind of insects in danger LI Kai;CHEN Liezhong;CHEN Jianming;*;HE Yueping;ZHANG Juefeng 2013, 25(1):  0-94.  Abstract ( 423 )   PDF (1175KB) ( 1364 )   In order to verify whether the alarm signal was released when the insect attacked by its natural enemies， Erigonidium graminicolum， behavioral responses of the brown planthopper （BPH）， Nilaparvata lugens Stl， to the volatile substance released by the same kind of insects in danger were studied with Y-tube olfactometer. The results showed that BPH nymphs had no response to the volatile chemicals of E. graminicolum released， but escaped when received the chemicals released by the same kind of insects attacked by E. graminicolum. However, such responses varied in different instar nymphs. The 2nd to 3rd instar nymphs of BPH responded strongly to the volatile released by the same kind of insects， while no obvious response was made by the 1st， 4th to 5th instar nymphs of BPH to the volatile. The results above indicated that 2nd to 3rd nymphs of BPH in dangerous environment could release volatile substances and give a dangerous alarm signal to the same kind of insects， but 1st， 4th to 5th nymphs had not obvious alarm behavior. There might be reasons that mature nymphs of BPH could not be easily predated by E. graminicolum， or the youngest nymphs could not release a strong alarm signal while attacked by the natural enemy． Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Identification of the pathogen of peach branch blight FANG Li;XIONG Caizhen;GU Liming;JING Xiaorong;JIN Jianfang;WANG Hanrong;* 2013, 25(1):  0-107.  Abstract ( 556 )   PDF (1639KB) ( 1226 )   Peach branch blight， a serious new fungal disease， burst out in Fengqiao town， Jiaxing city and Zhangqi town， Cixi city in Zhejiang in recent years. The symptom firstly appeared on the base of shoot twig with tan to black pit scab causing the leaves above withering sharply. The disease cause death of branch even the whole peach tree， and reduced seed setting rate about 20%-50% per year. To understand and control the disease， Kochs postulate was used and a species of fungus was found to be the pathogenic agent. The fungus yielded white to light olivesheen colony on potato saccharose agar （PSA） medium with short tiny cotton\|shaped hypha， and produced black spherical pycnidium with ostiole. There were two kinds of condium generated by pathogen，α\|type， fusiform， hyaline， unicellular， (5.2-8.7)μm×(1.3-2.7)μm；β\|type， linear， hyaline， unicellular， 1-3 oil globule，(11.5-26.2)μm×(0.9-2.1)μm. The ribosomal ITS 1\|58S\|ITS2 region was PCR amplified from genomic DNA from mycelium and obtained a sequence of 611 bp. A blast search from the GenBank revealed highest similarity （100%） to Phomopsis amygdali sequences in Europe. The pathogen was identified as Phomopsis amygdali Delacr. J.J. Tuset & M.T. Portilla （Fusicoccum amygdali Delacr.） associated with culture characters． Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Study on adsorption\|desorption characteristics of butylene fipronil in soils CAO Weiqiang;LYU Yixiu;YYU Yyujuan;YE Qing;SHE Yongxin;WANG Jing;* 2013, 25(1):  0-118.  Abstract ( 441 )   PDF (1154KB) ( 1166 )   The adsorption-desorption experiments of butylene fipronil in soils were conducted by the batch equilibration and GC-MS techniques， furthermore， data were analyzed with mathematic models to describe the characteristics and mechanism of adsorption-desorption and the shift of butylene fipronil in soils. The results showed that the adsorption-desorption isotherms of butylene fipronil was fitted for Freundlich model well， and the physical reaction played the main role in adsorption-desorption process. The adsorption values （1/nads） of butylene fipronil in 5 types of soils ranged from 0.4539-0.4868 and the desorption values （1/ndes） ranged from 0.4220-0.4623. The results of desorption indicated that there was no obvious hysteresis phenomena appeared during the desorption process， and the hysteresis index （HI） of the butylene fipronil in 5 soils studied varied from 0.8958-0.9497. Furthermore， there was not a positive correlation between the adsorption values （1/nads） and the desorption values （1/ndes） of butylene fipronil and organic materials in soils， average hysteresis index （HI） decreased with increasing organic materials content slightly. The mobility of butylene fipronil in 5 types of tested soils was very low， and there was no risk to surface water and underground water during routine use． Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Spatial and temporal distribution of organochlorine pesticides in surface water of West Lake of Hangzhou YANG Hongda;WANG Xiangyun;DENG Xunfei;ZHAO Chanshan;ZHANG Hu;XYU Hao;WANG Xinquan;* 2013, 25(1):  0-129.  Abstract ( 513 )   PDF (2188KB) ( 1185 )   The 19 surface water samples were collected from the West Lake of Hangzhou in summer and winter. The concentrations of 18 organochlorine pesticides(OCPs) in the samples were determined by GC\|ECD with the internal standard method. The results showed that the total concentrations of OCPs in surface water from the West Lake of Hangzhou in both summer and winter were in the ranges of 2486-15980 ng·L-1（with a mean of 75.09 ng·L-1） and 20.88-96.24 ng·L-1 （with a mean of 43.60 ng·L-1）. The concentration of OCPs was seasonal and the level of OCPs in summer was higher than that in winter. The orders as the total concentrations of OCPs in surface water from the West Lake of Hangzhou were: DDTs>HCHs>other OCPs， and DDTs and HCHs were mainly the early residues in environment. Compared with other regions， the concentration of OCPs in surface water from the West Lake of Hangzhou was lower. The concentration of DDTs and HCHs in surface waters did not exceed the limit of surface water environment quality of China． Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Influence of four environmental substances on absorption behavior of sulfamonomethoxine in the soil JIN Caixia;PI Yunqing;WU Chunyan;XUE Wanxin;CHEN Qiuying;LIU Junjun 2013, 25(1):  0-134.  Abstract ( 434 )   PDF (1162KB) ( 1182 )   Sulfamonomethoxine is a veterinary antibiotic drug， which can be absorbed by soil. The adsorption behavior of sulfamonomethoxine in soil and influence of nitrate， urea， anionic surfactant dodecylbenzene sulfonate （SDBS）， cationic surfactant hexadecyltrimethyl\|ammonium bromide （CTMAB） and humic acid （HA） on it were studied. The results showed that: the distribution coefficient Kd of sulfamonomethoxine in the soil was 18.9 mL·g-1， organic carbon distribution constant KOC was 466.2 mL·g-1; furthermore， sulfamonomethoxine possessed the mobility in the soil. 50 mL·g-1 urea and anionic surfactant SDBS can decrease adsorption of sulfamonomethoxine in soil， increasing its mobility in soil. 500 mL·g-1 urea， cationic surfactant CTMAB and HA can increase adsorption of sulfamonomethoxine in soil. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Study on feasibility of straw concentrated ditch\|buried returning field using machine ZHA Liangyyu;QIU Zhongqi;WANG Xiaohua;WU Jie;ZHU Liqun;BIAN Xinmin;*;CAO Weizhao;DU Lei 2013, 25(1):  0-141.  Abstract ( 407 )   PDF (1434KB) ( 1345 )   In order to test the ditching quality with the improved ditcher meeting requirements for ditching， straw\|buried and covering soil，and the effect on drainage and growth of wheat during straw concentrated ditch\|buried returning， a field experiment was carried out with total straw returning of last season （at the rate of 21 kg·m-1） in three processing methods， ditch\|buried returning at the depth of 20， 30 cm and conventional returning （CK）. Field tests showed that top width and bottom width of trapezoidal ditch were about 35.00 cm and 19.20 cm， the average depth of ditch were 19.50 cm and 29.90 cm， distance of centralized throwing soil were 38.00 cm， 41.00 cm， thickness of centralized covering soil were 11.45 cm， 17.17 cm individually for D2 and D3， at the same time， broken rate of soil were both more than 90%. The drainage and waterlogging reduction function of straw ditch were similar as common drainage ditch. Decrease amplitude of water content in straw ditch for D2 and D3 were larger than that of CK， and D3 had better effect of waterlogging reduction than D2. The germination and growth of wheat on ditch\|buried were both better than that of CK. The ditch performance was reliable and excellent， and the ditch can meet straw-buried and covering soil requirements. Ditch\|buried had drainage function， no bad effect on the seedling and growth of wheat. So it is feasible that straw concentrated ditch\|buried returning with machine． Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Relationship analysis between mineral elements contents in soil and flue\|cured tobacco leaves in Henan province HE Jingfu;DUAN Weidong;ZHANG Dachun;ZHAO Yunfei;HU Zhanjun;SUN Shuguang;YE Xiefeng;* 2013, 25(1):  0-146.  Abstract ( 564 )   PDF (1132KB) ( 1235 )   Relationship between mineral elements contents in the soil and flue\|cured tobacco leaves in Henan was analyzed. Results showed that soil total P and Mg contents as well as water soluble Cl contents in Zhoukou and Shangqiu was the highest， whereas soil total K，Ca，Fe and Mn contents in Sanmenxia was higher than other places. Soil total K and Fe contents in Jiyuan were the highest， and soil total Mn in Nanyang was the highest. Soil total P， Mg， Fe and Mn contents in Zhengzhou was the lowest and total K and Ca contents in Xinyang as well as water soluble Cl content in Sanmenxia was the lowest. The variation coefficients of soil total P， Ca， Mn contents as well as water soluble Cl contents were higher than 40%. Potassium contents in tobacco leaf of most samples were lower than the standard. The contents of P， Ca， Mg， Cl， Fe and Mn contents in tobacco leaf were appropriate. Variation coefficients of Mn， Cl， Fe and Mg contents were the highest. The contents of soil total K， Ca and Mg had the biggest effects on the seven mineral elements contents in flue\|cured tobacco leaves， and soil total P， Fe， and Mn took the second place， and soil water soluble Cl content had the lowest effect． Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Investigation and evaluation on the heavy metals pollution of vegetable planting region in Cixi City SHEN Qunchao;JIANG Kaijie;LU Hong;HU Yinxia;WENG Ying;SU Tong;MA Ji|jin 2013, 25(1):  0-155.  Abstract ( 483 )   PDF (1121KB) ( 1330 )   The average concentration of Pb， Cd， Cr， Cu， As and Hg in the soils of the vegetable planting region in Cixi City （Zhejiang Province） was 22， 0.17， 65， 27， 0.083， 6.5 mg·kg-1， respectively. The evaluation results of single factor index showed that the heavy metals of the soil in 933% region were safe and Cd was the most important risk factor for the development of Green Food. Compared with the three regions by comprehensive index， the east， middle and west regions of Cixi were safe. The accumulative pollution level of the soil in the west was the safest， followed by the middle and the east． Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effects of fertilizer kinds and rates as well as planting density on growth and yield of Komatsu dish under facility cultivation DAI Guohui;SUN Zhidong;*;WANG Meiying;WENG Shengyyu;HU Zhiyong 2013, 25(1):  0-160.  Abstract ( 450 )   PDF (1135KB) ( 1367 )   In order to study effects of fertilizer kinds and rates as well as planting density on growth and yield of Komatsu dish under facility cultivation condition，an orthogonal design experiment of 3 kinds of fertilizers（tea dregs organic\|inorganic compound fertilizers， inoue Masa microbial fertilizer and fulvic acid potassium），3 fertilization levels and 3 kinds of planting density（27，36，and 45×104 plant· hm-2）was selected. The results of the experiment showed that improvement of growth and increases of yields of Japanese Komatsu dish generally followed the order: plant densities>fertilizer rates>fertilizer kinds. Optimum application rates of tea dregs organic\|inorganic compound fertilizers was 1 125 kg·hm-2；while inoue Masa microbial fertilizer and fulvic acid potassium was all 300 kg·hm-2 under the condition of application of 345 kg·hm-2 NPK compound fertilizer. Optimum planting density of Komatsu dish for improving the utilization rate of export goods was 36×104 plant·hm-2. The highest yields and economic benefits of Komatsu dish was obtained from the treatment with 300 kg·hm-2 of inoue Masa microbial fertilizer and 45×104 plant·hm-2 of planting density． Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Analysis on the drought and waterlogging occurrence during the growth period of summer maize in Liaochen SUN Peiliang;LI Youjun;WANG Yunfang;SHANG Yyurong;CAO Donghao;WANG Xuefeng 2013, 25(1):  0-165.  Abstract ( 480 )   PDF (1382KB) ( 1402 )   The water supply and demand amount in summer maize growth period was set as drought and waterlogging evaluation index of summer maize. Using the methods of GIS， statistics and agrometeorology， the precipitation cases in the summer maize growth period in Liaochen district from 1961 to 2011 were systematically analyzed. Through the calculation of Palmer drought severity index， it was found that drought and waterlogging frequently occurred in the summer maize growth stage， in which drought played the main role. The occurrence frequency of drought achieved 804% in seedling stage， and the phenomenon of the critical drought easily happened， which seriously influenced the normal growth of summer maize. With global warming， the drought showed increase trend year by year， which would give rise to the trouble for the district sustainable development of summer maize. The main measures on dealing with drought and waterlogging were as followes: strengthening the construction of infrastructure， organizing the research and application of cultivation technique under stresses， promoting water saving technology， using the air and groundwater resources well and guaranteeing the cultural water in the critical period of summer maize growth． Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Discussion on implementation of fallow system in China ZHANG Huifang;WU Yyuzhe;*;HE Lijiang 2013, 25(1):  0-170.  Abstract ( 423 )   PDF (1158KB) ( 1454 )   This paper discussed the necessity， difficulty and implementation approach of the fallow system in order to solve the problems that a large number of cultivated lands has been abandoned or overused in China at present， and to ensure the national food security of China at macro level. Methods employed in the paper include economic analysis， literature summary and empirical research. The results indicated that disorderly use of land was the result of rational choice of individual farmers according to the methods of economic analysis， literature summary and empirical research， and fallow system was beneficial to interests of the country and farmers. Thus， three implementation patterns of fallow system were designed including seasonal fallow model， fallow model based on land transfer and macro\|planned fallow model． Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Analysis of energy footprint sustainability and forecast in recent 10 years for Yunnan SHANG Hailong;LIU Lirong;DONG Jinyi;DENG Li;ZHANG Wenfen 2013, 25(1):  0-175.  Abstract ( 427 )   PDF (1190KB) ( 1175 )   This article analyzed dynamic changes of energy footprint and ecosystem sustainable development in Yunnan Province during the period of 2001-2010 by improved ecological footprint model with energy analysis. The results showed that: the ecological system was still in the sustainable development status even though the per capita energy value reduced to 17076 hm2 in 2009. On this basis， the trend of per capita energy surplus of the next five years was scenarioscan predicted by GM（1，1） model. The results displayed that the per capita energy surplus kept downward trend with the value 15098 hm2 to 01767 hm2 from 2011 to 2015 in the condition that no sudden change occurred in natural environment and economic development; That is to say, the ecological value system did not appear deficit, so it was in coordination state. The conclusion above were important for the implementation of “Bridge head” strategy o f resource development and ecological security barrier construction． Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Isolation and identification of the strain of lactic acid bacteria inhibiting Aspergillus fumigatus and its properties LOU Xiuyu;ZHANG Chen;ZHANG Xiaomei;SHEN Lei;GU Qing* 2013, 25(1):  0-181.  Abstract ( 393 )   PDF (1501KB) ( 1329 )   A strain with strong inhibitory activity against Aspergillus fumigatus named as LZ54， was isolated from the feces of infants by the overlay plate method. The strain was identified as Lactobacillus paracasei by physiological and biochemical characterization and 16S rDNA sequence nomology analysis. Some antimircrobial substances exist in the cell\|free fermentation supernatant were dealt with pH， enzymatic， Amberlite XAD\|2 macroporous resin， and it was observed the antifungal activity was high at the neutral acid pH， but the antifungal activity decreased rapidly with the increase of pH. After enzymatic treatment of supernatant with pepsase， trypsin and proteinase K， loss of part of the antifungal activity was observed， which indicated there were other proteinaceous substance with the antifungal activity. After dealing with the XAD\|2， the supernatant possessed the ability to inhibit Aspergillus fumigatus as well， and the molecular weight of the antimicrobial substance was about 5 kD determined by the SDS\|PAGE. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Screening of bacteriocin\|producing low\|temperature lactic acid bacteria in high，cold pasture areas in Xinjiang WANG Jungang;LIU Chengjiang;GUO Anmin;LI Yyuhui;HAN Dongyin;LI Kaixiong 2013, 25(1):  0-186.  Abstract ( 504 )   PDF (1400KB) ( 1166 )   Forty\|five lactic acid bacteria were screened from the samples collected from the high， cold pasture areas in Xinjiang， and three of them with antimicrobial properties were screened out through the test. After exclusion of organic acids and catalase， these three lactic acid bacteria still had a certain bacteriostasis performance. Meanwhile， the antibacterial activity was greatly reduced after treated with trypsin， which indicated that the metabolite was bacteriocins， the protein with antibacterial property. These three lactic acid bacteria were identified to be: Lactobacillus plantarum， Lactobacillus pentosus and Lactococcus lactis，respectively． Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Study on the content of extractable and non\|extractable polyphenols in onions RU Yi;CHENG Anwei;*;WANG Wenliang;JIN Qiong;GONG Zhiqing;WANG Shoujing; 2013, 25(1):  0-191.  Abstract ( 438 )   PDF (1328KB) ( 1204 )   The contents of extractable and non\|extractable polyphenols in different sizes and parts of onion （from the outer to the inner， from the top to the bottom） were studied in this paper. The non\|extractable polyphenols were hydrolyzed by sulfuric acid， and polyphenol contents in the extracts were determined by Folin\|Ciocalteu colorimetric method. The results showed that the extractable and non\|extractable polyphenols were increased with the decreasing size of onion， and the order of extractable and non\|extractable polyphenols was outer>middle>inner， top>bottom>middle in onion. The content of polyphenols was much higher than that of non\|extractable polyphenols in onion Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Climate change and issues of Chinese agricultural development XYU Lang;LIU Jinjin 2013, 25(1):  0-199.  Abstract ( 436 )   PDF (1174KB) ( 1356 )   Agriculture is vulnerable to climate changes， and the extreme climate events caused by climate changes become more and more harmful to Chinas agricultural development. Therefore， dealing with climate change has been one of the major challenges of Chinas agricultural development， which is turning into an important strategic task for maintaining agricultural stability and the sustainable development of rural economy. Starting with analysis on the fact of climate change and its agro\|meteorological effect， the article analyzed the possible effects of climate change on Chinas agricultural development and proposed agricultural policy measures to address climate change. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Innovation practice of training mode of rural leading talentsTaking Yunhe County， Zhejiang province as an example ZHU Qibiao;HUANG Lili;XYU Xiane;MAO Lirong;LU Yi 2013, 25(1):  0-204.  Abstract ( 434 )   PDF (1124KB) ( 1360 )   Rural leading talents are the vital and core persons of the rural practical talent team. It is an urgent issue of rural human resource development to train and bring up a batch of leading talents for rural economic development. This paper systematically analyzed the achievements， operating mechanism and innovation mode of the “ten hundred thousand” helping and training project， proposing the training mode of “ great teacher matching brilliant student” and some enlightens for improving the training mode of rural leading talents． Related Articles | Metrics