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24 January 2012, Volume 24 Issue 1 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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作物科学
动物科学
作物科学
动物科学
园艺科学
植物保护
动物科学
植物保护
园艺科学
植物保护
环境科学
植物保护
环境科学
食品科学
农业经济
综述
农业经济
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作物科学

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Effects of exogenous glycine betaine on the physiological indexes of soybean seedlings under NaCl stress HUANG Yingyun;ZHU Danhua;LI Hongzhang;DONG Dekun;* 2012, 24(1):  0-16.  Abstract ( 829 )   PDF (1148KB) ( 1305 )   Effects of exogenous glycine betaine on some physiological indexes of soybean variety Zhechun NO. 3 seedlings under NaCl stress were studied. The photosynthetic pigments content， proline content， malondialdehyde accumulation (MDA)， soluble sugar content， relative electric conductivity and root activity of soybean seedlings were investigated. The results showed that exogenous betaine significantly increased the photosynthetic pigments and soluble sugar content， decreased proline and MDA accumulation， reduced the relative electric conductivity of soybean leaves， and enhanced root activity of soybean seedlings， which indicated that the application of exogenous betaine could enhance the photosynthetic activity of soybean leaves， improve the osmoregulatory ability of seedlings， alleviate the damages caused by NaCl stress， and then improve the salt tolerance ability of soybeans. Related Articles | Metrics

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The assessment of major malt qualities among 73 elite varieties in the germplasm for malting barley WANG Junmei;ZHANG Xingzhong;LIN Feng;ZHU Jinghuan;JIA Qiaojun;SHANG Yi;HUA Wei;YANG Jianming* 2012, 24(1):  0-6.  Abstract ( 638 )   PDF (1243KB) ( 1214 )   The genetic diversity and relationship of five major malt qualities, such as malt extract, diastatic power, αamino nitrogen, Kolbach index, protein, were assessed in a collection of 73 barley varieties originated from different regions. The results showed that there was great variation of malting qualities among barley varieties. All barley varieties had the higher generalized ShannonWeaver genetic diversity index for five malt qualities. The result of correlation analysis also indicated that there was complicated relationship among malt qualities. Seventythree varieties were classified into three groups by the dynamic cluster analysis, and varieties within different groups applied to different utilization. All of results provided the basic data for the diverse utilization of these barley germplasms． Related Articles | Metrics

动物科学

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Influence of symbiotics on the bacterial community in the cecal contents of broilers analyzed by PCRDGGE YANG Huiling;LIU Yong;XU Shaochun;LI Yanli;XU Yaoxing;* 2012, 24(1):  0-31.  Abstract ( 816 )   PDF (1356KB) ( 1253 )   The influence of synbiotics on the predominant bacteria community in the cecal content of broilers was evaluated. Four hundred and fifty oneyearold broilers were randomly divided into five treatments of basic diets and basic diets supplemented with antibiotics, probiotics, prebioticts, synbioticts, respectively. On day 21 and 42, two chickens of each replicate were randomly selected and killed, the cecal contents were sterilely collected, and total cellular DNA from the cecal digesta were extracted and purified for PCRDGGE, then diversity of microbiota was analyzed after DGGE. The results showed the chickens fed with synbiotics showed a higher bacterial diversity and more DGGE bands compared with other treatments on day 21 and 42. The specificity bands of cecal were from uncultured Bacteroidales, uncultured Prevotellaceae, uncultured Clostridiales and plenty of uncultured bacterial without classification． Related Articles | Metrics

作物科学

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Genetic analysis and mapping of three rice mutants with yellow leaf trait JI Xianjun;YE Shenghai;ZHOU Ya;XIU Fenlian;DENG Xiaomei;SHANG Haixuan;LIU Jiyun;CHEN Pingping;JIN Qingsheng;ZHANG Xiaoming;* 2012, 24(1):  0-11.  Abstract ( 615 )   PDF (1519KB) ( 1179 )   Three stably inherited yellow leaf mutants, Yl1, Yl2 and Yl3, were isolated from a japonica rice variety Xiushui 09 treated by ethyl methylsulfonate (EMS). Compared with their wild type Xiushui 09, these mutants showed less tiller and shorter culm, and yellow leaves were observed at the seedling and tilling stages. With the growth of the mutant plants, the leaves turn green. Genetic analysis showed that the yellow leaf traits of the three mutants were all controlled by one pair of recessive nuclear genes. Genetic mapping of the mutant genes were conducted using yellow leaf individuals from the F2 mapping populations of Y 1, Y 2 and Y 3 crossed with indica variety Zhenshan 97. Y 1 was mapped between SSR markers RM282 and RM6080, within genetic distance of 7.5 cM in chromosome 3. While Y 2 and Y 3 were mapped in the same site of chromosome 5 between 5.43w and RM1237, with genetic distances of 2.0 cM and 6.8 cM to each of them, respectively． Related Articles | Metrics

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Key technologies for high yield cultivation of saffron in Yangtze river delta LU Zhonghua;ZHANG Zhen;WANG Zhian;WANG Qiang;REN Jiangjian 2012, 24(1):  0-21.  Abstract ( 515 )   PDF (1110KB) ( 1350 )   With the aim to improve the production of saffron, key technologies for high yield cultivation were developed. The influence of different factors including seed treatment modes, fertilizer composition, planting time, planting density and bulb size on saffron productivity and bulb yield were investigated. The results showed that higher yield in saffron production could be obtained in the condition of complete bulb with outside flakes but not unwanted sidebuds, the appropriate fertilizer of N 450 kg·hm-2, P2O5 225 kg·hm-2 and K2O 225 kg·hm-2and the bigsize bulb planted in the density of 10 cm×10 cm in late November and early December after fine management． Related Articles | Metrics

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Characteristics of Yujiao No.4, a new cultivar of doublecropping wild rice, Zizania latifolia FU Changhuan;ZHENG Xusong;WENG Liqing;ZHENG Chunlong 2012, 24(1):  0-25.  Abstract ( 632 )   PDF (1102KB) ( 1231 )   Yujiao No.4, a new cultivar of wild rice (Zizania latifolia Turcz.), developed from the indigenous mutation wild rice lines of Zhejiao No.2. Yujiao No.4 with a strong plant type had a similar tillering capacity with Zhejiao No. 2. The gross weight and net weight of fleshy stem (24.0 cm in length, 4.0 cm in diameter) in autumn cropping were 163.8, 113.0 g. The yield in autum cropping was 1 194.7 kg·667m-2, increased by 42.14% compared to Zhejiao No.2 and the harvest time of autumn cropping was from November 4th to December 9th, delayed 22 d compared to Zhejiao No.2. The gross and net weight of fleshy stem (165 cm in length, 35 cm in diameter) in summer cropping were 120.3 and 73.7 g, respectively, the yield in summer cropping was up to 3 093.0 kg·667m-2,20.40% more than Zhejiao No.2, while the harvest time of summer cropping was similar with Zhejiao No.2. Fleshy stem of Yujiao No.4 with big size and high level nutrient may gain a good reputation in commercial market. Related Articles | Metrics

动物科学

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Review on the animal endocrine disruption (ED) of brominated flame retardants (BFRs) WU Huanyang;PENG KaiQin;DING Shihua*;LI Yun 2012, 24(1):  0-36.  Abstract ( 590 )   PDF (1174KB) ( 1140 )   In recent years, brominated flame retardants (BFRs), one of the most widely used flame retardants in the polymer and the fabric widely are used in various consumers and industrial products. BFRs are persistent organic pollutants which has been widespread in the environment and has attracted wide international attention. As the use of BFRs increasing year by year, BFRs have been widely detected and showed varying degrees of toxic effects on aquatic animals, birds and mammals, the breadth of its distribution, refractory and uncertainty in human health has attracted peoples attention. Based on results of animal toxicology studies abroad, the article discussed the effects of BFRs and their metabolites on endocrine disrupting activity of different animals, mainly on the level of thyroid hormone, estrogen, androgen levels and the development of animal nervous systems, and provided a theoretical basis for evaluation of BFRs on the impact of animal and human health. Related Articles | Metrics

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Development and application of one step RTPCR technique for detection of Duck Tembusu virus Abstract: Key words: ZHANG Shuai;YUN Tao;YE Weicheng;DENG Xiaohui;CUI Yanshun;*;HUA Jionggang;ZHANG Cun;*;ZHANG Yan 2012, 24(1):  0-40.  Abstract ( 647 )   PDF (1283KB) ( 1477 )   Duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV) is a new flavivirus that can cause Duck hemorrhagic ovaritis, a duck infectious disease with eggdrop. It is important to establish a pathogen detection assay for diagnosis and epidemiological studies. A pair of primers was designed based on the analysis of TMUV sequences. The onestep RTPCR method had been successfully developed for detection of DTMUV through optimization of viral RNA extraction and RTPCR assay. The results showed that 182 TCID50 of virus could be detected in two hours. The rate of positivity in 106 clinically suspected tissues and organs of diseased duck subjected to detection by RTPCR was 46.2%. The results indicated that DTMUV is highly prevalent in Zhejiang and its neighboring provinces. Related Articles | Metrics

园艺科学

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Application of Logistic equation in cold tolerance of Aeschynanthus radicans variety round leaf and red flower GE Yaying;TIAN Danqing;YU Yongming;PAN Gangmin;XIA Yiping;* 2012, 24(1):  0-51.  Abstract ( 640 )   PDF (1375KB) ( 1202 )   The biennial branches of Aeschynanthus radicans variety round leaf and red flower were used as test materials. Effects of low temperature and treatment time on the relative electric conductivity (REC) were studied and the semilethal temperature (LT50) was calculated out based on Logistic equation. The results showed that REC increased as a Scurve with the decrease of temperature when the treatment time was longer than twelve hours. According to the Scurves and Logistic equation, the temperature of Scurves inflection point namely LT50 was calculated. The LT50 was between 81℃ and 101℃, which could be considered as an important index of cold tolerance in Aeschynanthus radicans． Related Articles | Metrics

植物保护

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Resource accumulation and biological characteristics of Solanum nigrum L. in Qinghai Province SU Xu;LIU Yuping;WU Xueming 2012, 24(1):  0-60.  Abstract ( 570 )   PDF (1106KB) ( 1178 )   Solanum nigrum L. is a kind of important medical plant in QingTibet Plateau and the whole plant could be used as medicine. It abundantly contains several kinds of alkaloids including biological alkaline, solanine, solasonine, etc. They have pharmacological effects on antiinflammation, antitussive and expectorant, leavening concentration of blood sugar and adjusting excitability of the central nervous system and so on. Meanwhile, the fruit of Solanum nigrum L. have abundant nutritious components consisting of fructose, minerals, manifold amino acids, etc. But the resource of wild plant decreases markedly because of excessively exploration and execrable natural environmental conditions in QingTibet Plateau, which is detrimental to ecological environmental protection of QingTibet Plateau and sustainable utilization and exploitation of medical plants. In this paper, the biological characteristics, populated botanical characteristics, community and quantity characteristics and resource accumulation of Solanum nigrum L. in Qinghai Province were investigated by the method of pointing field, the least sample and statistics. Furthermore, the resource accumulation of it was calculated. Related Articles | Metrics

动物科学

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Study on biodiversity protection countermeasures based on survival and development of marine fishery: Take Zhejiang province as an example PENG Xin;YANG Jianyi;CHEN Shaobo;XUE Feng;WANG Ning; 2012, 24(1):  0-47.  Abstract ( 1065 )   PDF (1129KB) ( 1441 )   In this paper, taking Zhejiang Province as an example, we deeply discussed the relationship between marine fisheries and biodiversity. As is known, marine biodiversity is the material basis for the development of marine fishery. However, overfishing, bycatch, catching natural seed, selfpollution, and the farmed species escaping also affect marine biodiversity conversely, which not only reduced marine biodiversity, but also restricted the sustainable development of marine fisheries. Based on the present situation of marine biodiversity and the effect of marine fishery on it, all levels of government have actively taken measures to eliminate threats and achieved some outcomes in improving biodiversity, such as establishment of marine reserve, implementation of multiplication and releasing, execution of summer close season, demonstration activities of management for marine biodiversity conservation, rehabilitation typical habitats and so on. The suggestions and countermeasures for the sustainable development of marine biodiversity were proposed such as strengthening the construction of marine conservation areas, controlling fishing intensity and incesscont pollutants, implementing the seaclosure and seafilling ergineering scientificly, implementing integrated coastal zone management, optimizing the culture mode, establishing public participation mechanism and perfecting laws and regulations of marine. Related Articles | Metrics

植物保护

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Preliminary study on accelerated improvement of rice blast resistance of Luhui 602 using molecular markerassisted selection ZENG Zhengming;KUANG Haochi*;LUO Juntao;CHEN Guangzhen;FU Jun;YANG Yang;HE Xingcai 2012, 24(1):  0-70.  Abstract ( 584 )   PDF (1210KB) ( 1206 )   Luhui 602 is a heat resistant and highpower recovery line， but has less resistance to the rice blast. Rice blast resistance gene Pi9(t) showed a broad spectrum of strong resistance. In order to improve the resistance of Luhui 602， Oryza minuta which has Pi9(t) gene was carried as the antisource， and Luhui 602 as the recipient and transmigrate parent through hybridization and resumption of diplomatic relations， and made it selfhybrid until BC3F1. The marker PB8 tightly linked to Pi9(t) was used to select in the separate groups combined with plant type， grain type， maturity and other agronomic traits similar to strains with Luhui 602. In BC3F4， 15 plants were obtained with homozygous Pi9(t) gene and similar agricultural features to Luhui 602. Background selection was carried out with 120 pairs SSR primers， and six plants were screened out as the improved line of Luhui 602. Resistance of these 6 improved line were identified use 32 blast isolates collected in Sichuan Province， and the resistance frequency were 75.00%-87.50%， which identified that the resistance gene had been imported in Luhui 602 successfully and expressed． Related Articles | Metrics

园艺科学

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Evaluation and optimization of greenbelt vegetation NCSH in western residential areas of Hangzhou Zhejiang College of Construction;Xiaoshan;China 2012, 24(1):  0-56.  Abstract ( 563 )   PDF (1515KB) ( 1136 )   The typical greenbelt vegetation NCSH of Hangzhou western residential areas from greenbelt adjacent to the house， roads greenbelt and central greenbelt was investigated and studied with the method of typical greenbelt sampling by field measuring and visual inspecting etc. Meanwhile， the characteristics of residential areas greenbelt vegetation and the existing problems and deficiencies were quantitatively analyzed and evaluated. Furthermore， strategies and suggestions of optimization were proposed in order to provide the reasonable reference and suggestions for future residential areas greenbelt construction． Related Articles | Metrics

植物保护

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Screening genes related to adaptive variation in Magnaporthe oryza by suppression subtracted hybridization JIANG Hua;SU Zhijie;ZHANG Zhen;WANG Yanli;WANG Jiaoyu;CHAI Rongyao;QIU Haiping;MAO Xueqin;DU Xinya;SUN Guochang* 2012, 24(1):  0-75.  Abstract ( 619 )   PDF (1735KB) ( 1183 )   Rice blast fungus is one of the most important rice pathogens， whose pathogenicity on rice can be enhanced through several ways. Successive inoculation can make their virulence improved， which is called adaptive variation. In order to understand the molecular mechanisms related to adaptive mutation， a suppression subtracted hybridization library was constructed using the original strain and the fourth generation strain after successive inoculation on rice. After verification by PCR and sequence analysis， total of 168 nonredundant EST sequences were obtained. Alignment analysis led to 110 Unigenes. BLASTX analysis against different databases was used to reveal the functions of these proteins deduced from EST sequences， which were obtained from sequence analysis of the suppression subtracted hybridization library. KEGG analysis showed that 20 Unigenes can be classified into metabolic pathways. Annotation of the proteins showed that these proteins were primarily associated with the synthesis and signal transduction. GO analysis revealed that the proteins involved in many aspects of life activities， but mainly in cell growth， nucleic acid binding and the perception of external stimuli and signal transduction. Related Articles | Metrics

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Polymorphism analysis of Colletotrichum spp. from Zhejiang Province by ITS rDNA PCRRFLP LIU Shiyin;QIU Haiping;JIANG Hua;ZHANG Zhen;CHAI Rongyao;MAO Xueqin;WANG Jiaoyu;DU Xinfa;WANG Yanli;*;SUN Guochang;* 2012, 24(1):  0-65.  Abstract ( 737 )   PDF (1170KB) ( 1167 )   Colletotrichum spp. is the most common fungi in Zhejiang Province as well as the most important plant pathogens. There are so many kinds of species that it is important to find a way to identify and classify these fungi. Genetic diversity among 32 strains belonging to Colletotrichum spp. was assessed by RFLP analysis on the basis of rDNA ITS region. The PCR amplified ITS region was about 600 bp in length in all the tested strains and RFLP patterns of ITS products digested with different endonucleases (AluⅠ， BsuRⅠ， Hha Ⅰ， HpaⅡ and TaqⅠ) were analyzed. The UPGMA phenogram constructed with the pool of the ITS PCRRFLP data revealed that all the isolates were clustered on one big group when the value of genetic similarity was 0.6. The Gst parameter of all the ITS PCRRFLP polymorphic bands was 0.82 which indicated there were high diversity in the ITS region of all the isolates． Related Articles | Metrics

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Using bibliometrics method to analyze researches on Asian corn borer during 2005—2009 in China CAI Zhuoping;ZHU Honghui* 2012, 24(1):  0-80.  Abstract ( 912 )   PDF (1093KB) ( 1361 )   Paper number, publish time, research topic, journal, affiliation of author and fund item in the papers concerning Asian corn borer (Ostrinia furnacalis) were analyzed based on bibliometric method in this study. The results showed that great attention had been paid to Asian corn borer studies in China. From 2005 to 2009, about 62 related papers were published in Chinese core journals, among which 21 were published in 2007, and 17 in 2009. The studies focused on biochemistry and molecular genetics (32.26%), prevention theory and methodology (29.03%), and population and reproduction behavior of Asian corn borer (16.13%). Most of the papers were published by Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (15 papers), Shenyang Agricultural University (11 papers) and Yangzhou University (8 papers); while Acta Entomologica Sinica (10 papers), Acta Phytophylacica Sinica (9 papers)and Journal of Maize Sciences (6 papers) were the top three journals that published the largest numbers of related papers. About 56 papers were financially supported by different fund items, among which 25 were supported by the National Natural Science Foundation. The study may present a comprehensive analysis of the current research status of Asian corn borer in China, and provide reference for further researches on Asian corn borer． Related Articles | Metrics

环境科学

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Effect of different planting years on soil nutrient status, microbial community and fruit quality in navel orange orchards GUAN Xuefang;LIN Bifeng;XU Qingxian;QIAN Lei;LIN Bin;* 2012, 24(1):  0-113.  Abstract ( 985 )   PDF (1148KB) ( 1235 )   The soil nutrient status, microbial communities and fruit quality of Newhall navel oranges planted for 8 and 13 years respectively in orchards of Luran ecological farm and Xinyuan fruit industry in Shanghang County in Fujian Province were determined and analyzed in 2010. The results showed that, the available K content in soils increased significantly with the planting time of orange trees in the two tested orchards, but the contents of total N, NO3N, total P, available P and organic matter changed in different patterns from each other as the planting time increased, the contents of exchangeable Ca, exchangeable Mg and effective S were not significantly different between the two orchards. All the soil nutrient contents, except pH value, were in an acceptable range for orange growing. The total microbe biomass of PLFAS and the specific PLFA, such as i16∶0,14∶0,20∶0,15∶0,a15∶0,10 Me 16∶0,10Me18∶0 etc in different treatments, except for 8 planting years time in the tested orchardsⅠ, were significantly higher than that in the control with pure chemicalfertilizers. The Simpon, Shannon and Mclntosh index in the tested orchardsⅡ were significantly higher than the control.The contents of total sugar, reducing sugar and total soluble solids (TSS) significantly increased as the age of tree became longer, but the changing patterns for the contents of vitamin C (Vc), total acid (TA), sugaracid ratio and TSS/TA were different from each other, and there was no significant difference in individual fruit weight, edible rate, fruit shape index observed between the two orchards. Related Articles | Metrics

植物保护

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Effect of Myrica rubra blight disease on mycorrhizal fungi REN Haiying;FANG Li;QI Xingjiang;WANG Kangqiang;WANG Hanrong;* 2012, 24(1):  0-84.  Abstract ( 685 )   PDF (1556KB) ( 1396 )   The fruit tree Myrica rubra (called yangmei) is seriously damaged by blight disease in Zhejiang Province. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of blight disease on growth and development of mycorrhizal fungi. The result indicated that the fiber content of infected tree was seriously damaged and resulted in the breakdown of mycorrhizal mycelia tissue on infected tree. The fungal spore cells were broken that caused a leakage of spore mass compared to the whole and intact spores in the control. Furthermore， there was low colonizing capability of spore found on infected tree rhizosphere compared to spores found on healthy tree. Our results indicated that the blight disease inhibited the mycorrhizal fungal growth and development， though the exact interaction between two fungi was unknown， which should be investigated later. Related Articles | Metrics

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Nutrient balance of raperice and wheatrice alternating rotation by different ways of fertilization and its effect on crop yield in new farmland of northern Zhejiang Plain SHI Yanping;HUANG Jinfa;CHEN Yiping;NI Xiongwei 2012, 24(1):  0-91.  Abstract ( 556 )   PDF (1148KB) ( 1142 )   Nutrient balance of fixed monitoring sites in new farmland by different ways of fertilization in raperice and wheatrice alternating rotation system and its effect on crop yield in North Zhejiang Plain was studied for 7 season crops in 4 years. The results showed that the apparent surplus of nutrients in spring crops, and the actual balance of nitrogen, phosphorus profit rate were above 100%, while phosphorus and potassium deficient in rice season. Application of organic fertilizer and straw stalk return to the field could be integrated to maintain the supplydemand balance of NPK nutrients and increase crop yields. The crop yield in spring season was positively correlated with the total NPK nutrient actual balance profit and loss rate, but late rice could get the best yield by the actual balance of the total NPK rate of 5%. In the condition of certain chemical N input, rice yield was also positively correlated with the phosphorus and potassium actual balance profit and loss rate. Related Articles | Metrics

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Evaluation on efficiencies of water, soil and fertilizer conservation of public welfare forests in Jinyun County, Zhejiang Province LU Zhuqin;YI Lita;*;QIAN Yifan;DOU Peimin;YING Baogen;YU Shuquan; 2012, 24(1):  0-98.  Abstract ( 1084 )   PDF (1526KB) ( 1292 )   The efficiencies of water, soil and fertilizer conservation of public welfare forests in Jinyun County, Zhejiang Province in 2000-2010 were evaluated based on monitoring data of 117 permanent sample plots by calculating the biomass of six types of forest communities. The results showed that the waterregulation and waterstorage capacity of public welfare forest in Jinyun County was 3.69×108 t, cumulative water conservation efficiency was 2.116 billion yuan, in which efficiencies of waterregulation and waterstorage were 1.577 and 0.539 billion yuan, respectively. Water conservation capacity of different forest communities decreased in the order showed as Phyllostachys pubescent forest> Chinese fir forest> broadleaved forest > Masson pine forest > broad leaved mixed forest>scrub forest. The soil conservation efficiency of public welfare forest was 0.12×108 t. Reduced nutrients loss amounts of N, P, K and organic matters were 9.18×103 t, 2.57×103 t, 2.47×105 t and 3.73×104 t respectively, and the cumulative economic efficiency was 1.428 billion yuan. Soil and fertilizer conservation capacities of different forest communities decreased in the order as broadleaved forest >broad leaved mixed forest > Phyllostachys pubescent forest > Masson pine forest >Chinese fir forest> scrub forest. Related Articles | Metrics

环境科学

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Effects of different NPK ratios on nutrients absorption,carbon and nitrogen metabolism, and grain yield of rapeseed YANG Yong1, LIU Qiang1,*, SONG Haixing1, GUAN Chunyun2,*, RONG Xiangmin1, PENG Jianwei1 (1Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Farmland Pollution Control and Agricultural Resource Use, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition in Common University, College of Resource and Environment, Hunan Agriculture University, Changsha 410128,China; 2 National Center of Oilseed Crops Improvement,Hunan Branch,Changsha 410128,China) Abstract: A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different NPK ratios on nutrients absorption, carbon and nitrogen metabolism, and grain yield of Xiangzayou 763 rapeseed. The results showed that the total amounts of free amino acids as well as the contents and total soluble sugar increased with increasing N levels,but there was no consistent effect for P and K levels on them. NPK accumulation and grain yields of rapeseed were increased with increasing N and P levels, but the influence of K was not obvious. Fertilizer use efficiencies of N and K decreased with increasing N and P levels. However, P fertilizer use efficiency increased first and then decreased with increasing P levels. The highest grain yield (2 231 kg·hm-2) was obtained from the treatment E (N∶P2O5∶K2O=10∶05∶05), followed by the treatment K (N∶P2O5∶K2O=1∶043∶057, which was 2 065 kg·hm-2. Effects of yield component factors on grain yields of rapeseed decreased in the order: effective pod numbers per plant>seeds per pod >1000-seeds weight． Key words: Effects of different NPK ratios on nutrients absorption,carbon and nitrogen metabolism, and grain yield of rapeseed YANG Yong;LIU Qiang;*;SONG Haixing;GUAN Chunyun;*;RONG Xiangmin;PENG Jianwei 2012, 24(1):  0-104.  Abstract ( 843 )   PDF (1155KB) ( 153 )   A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different NPK ratios on nutrients absorption, carbon and nitrogen metabolism, and grain yield of Xiangzayou 763 rapeseed. The results showed that the total amounts of free amino acids as well as the contents and total soluble sugar increased with increasing N levels,but there was no consistent effect for P and K levels on them. NPK accumulation and grain yields of rapeseed were increased with increasing N and P levels, but the influence of K was not obvious. Fertilizer use efficiencies of N and K decreased with increasing N and P levels. However, P fertilizer use efficiency increased first and then decreased with increasing P levels. The highest grain yield (2 231 kg·hm-2) was obtained from the treatment E (N∶P2O5∶K2O=10∶05∶05), followed by the treatment K (N∶P2O5∶K2O=1∶043∶057, which was 2 065 kg·hm-2. Effects of yield component factors on grain yields of rapeseed decreased in the order: effective pod numbers per plant>seeds per pod >1000-seeds weight． Related Articles | Metrics

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Environmental effect of returning farmland to forest and its ecological value estimation in Pingguo County, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region YU Minghan;SUN Baoping 2012, 24(1):  0-119.  Abstract ( 633 )   PDF (1509KB) ( 1313 )   Based on sampling and analyses,the effects of returning farmland to forest on soil characteristics were investigated in Rocky Mountain, Pingguo County, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. The difference in physicochemical properties between forest land and agricultural field and the physicochemical properties of soil in typical samples under different vegetation restoration measures were analyzed. The theory ecological effect of converting farm land to forest land was estimated using price substitution method and shadow project approach. The results showed that the soil profile structure gradually improved, the soil bulk density reduced, and the total porosity, capillary porosity and water content increased after returning farmland to forest. Meanwhile, the soil organic content increased for 15% and there was no significant increase in total nitrogen content. The soil quality recovery benefit was the largest in precocious peach land and Zenia insignis land. Under different types of vegetation, the difference in soil available nutrient was larger than soil total elements. The ecological benefit values were more than 2.1 billion yuan in protection of water resource and decrease the loss of soil fertilily. Related Articles | Metrics

食品科学

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Unintended effects and their detection in genetically modified crops ZHANG Huanchun;CHEN Xiaoyun;WANG Xiaofu;YANG Guiling;XU Junfeng;LI Yueying;* 2012, 24(1):  0-132.  Abstract ( 1178 )   PDF (1206KB) ( 1697 )   With the rapid development of the genetically modified (GM) industry， the safety of GM foods gradually attracted peoples extensive attentions. The nutrition compounds of the GM crops might be changed and even generate some toxic compounds， caused by the unknown effects of exogenous genes， which might possess potential harmfulness to the health of human beings, animals and the environment. Therefore， to evaluate the unintended effects of exogenous genes is one of the most important contents of the safety assessment of GM foods. Because of potential unintended effects and nonpredictability of exogenous genes， the methods of orientation evaluation based on “substantial equivalence” is very difficult to fully take the genetic modification caused by the unintended effects into account.In current study， the distribution and mechanism of integration sites in transgenic plant was illuminated， as well the unintended effects that is possibly induced by GM crops， to compare the difference of gene expression between GM crops and nonGM crops using gene chip， quantitative proteomic analysis and metabolomics analysis technologies at mRNA， protein as well as metabolism levels will be a complementary scheme for the orientation evaluation in the process of food safety assessment and also crucial to the safety assessment of GM foods. Related Articles | Metrics

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Geocodingbased technology of safety and traceability for fresh vegetables DENG Xunfei;HUANG Xiaohua;REN Zhouqiao;ZHENG Suying;LU Xiaonan;* 2012, 24(1):  0-124.  Abstract ( 1036 )   PDF (1280KB) ( 1394 )   In this article, the current production file, code layout and description way of origin place have been analyzed in detail, it was proposed to investigate safe and traceable technology which was fit to the actual situation for fresh vegetables. Here the way to combine national regional code (administrative village level) was adopted as the main part of place geocoding, and this 15 digits code fixed the present puzzle of validation, generalization and specification of coding pattern. Subsequently, the digitization and graphically for spatial characters and related attribute information of place environment integrated with geocoding were achieved. Furthermore, this study designed a new specification of production file for producing, packaging and distribution of fresh vegetables reference to GAP. Finally, on the basis of place geocoding and production information, a system for safe producing management and product tracking of fresh vegetables was developed with Flex, WebGIS and Webservices technology. In a case study, the place geocoding was printed as tracking tag, and the traceability among planting land, vegetable store, distribution units and consumers was figured out reliably． Related Articles | Metrics

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Screening for rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotyeps with lower Cd, Pb and As contents WANG Linyou;ZHU Chaona;WANG Jianjun;ZHANG Lixia;JIN Qingsheng;SHI Chunhai;* 2012, 24(1):  0-138.  Abstract ( 1127 )   PDF (1287KB) ( 1325 )   It is a direct and efficient way of screening for rice genotypes with lower Cd, Pb and As contents to decrease the absorption of heavy metals and control the heavy metals contents in rice. Total grain cadmium (Cd), plumbum (Pb) and arsenic (As) contents of brown rice were determined for 78 varieties grown in Zhejiang Province using ICP\|MS analysis. Simultaneously, 20 varieties from 78 varieties were grown in three field trials with different Cd, Pb and As content. The results showed that there was remarkable difference in Cd, Pb and As accumulation in brown rice among varieties, and there were more polymorphisms in genotypes of Cd and Pb concentration than As concentration. Correlation analysis showed that Cd content in brown rice had significant correlation with Pb content (P<001). Out of 78 varieties, we obtained five genotypes with low Cd concentration and low Pb concentration in brown rice, one genotype of low Cd and low As, two genotypes of low As and low Pb, and only one genotype of low Cd, Pb and As in brown rice. T test showed that environments had significant influence on Cd, Pb and As in brown rice. Cd, Pb and As showed diverse reaction to growth environments. Related Articles | Metrics

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Model of agriculture with culture function： a case study of tea culture and tea industry SHEN Xuezheng;SU Zhucheng* 2012, 24(1):  0-149.  Abstract ( 517 )   PDF (1117KB) ( 1340 )   Economic mode of agriculture with culture endowment was explored in this article by the positive investigation on the case of tea industry and tea culture. From perspective of consumption and economization difference， the resources of tea culture could be divided into two categories， i.e. tangible and intangible cultural forms， which may be further classified into four types. These resources of tea culture can realize economization by path of tourism of tea culture， marketing of tea product， performance with tea culture， teaculture creativity， and development of derived tea product， industry of tea house and economic activity of tea party respectively． Related Articles | Metrics

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Empirical study on promoting economic growth of rural circulation industry—Evidence from Zhejiang HE Yongda 2012, 24(1):  0-144.  Abstract ( 526 )   PDF (1116KB) ( 1178 )   There were great significance on narrowing the gap between urban and rural areas， promoting farmers income and achieving sustainable economic development. There were many factors which affecting rural economic growth and these factors were complicated. Econometric models of rural economic growth and circulation industry had been established. Numerical relationship and mechanism were analyzed based on the data of 1985-2009. The results showed that rural employment structure， rural capital and labor input， rural human capital and rural circulation development played the positive role in promoting the economic growth， rural human capital， rural capital and rural employment structure were significant， while rural labor input and circulation development were not significant. Based on the theory and practical study， rural circulation development should be improved. Finally， suggestions such as speeding up construction of rural commodity distribution network， focusing on the development of rural chain store， developing modern procurement and distribution centers were put forwarded. Related Articles | Metrics

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Empirical research of Chinas rural industrial structure adjustment on rural economic growth NIU Kai 2012, 24(1):  0-157.  Abstract ( 506 )   PDF (1145KB) ( 1351 )   In order to study the interaction between the rural industrial structure adjustment and economic growth in rural areas, reveal the inherent regularity of rural economic development, Investigate policy mechanism of promoting the sustained and rapid growth of the rural economy, we made an autoregressive distributed lag model (ARDL) to analyze the relevant variables for cointegration test and a delay wide VAR model (LAVAR) to analyze the relevant variables for Granger causality test, using econometric research methods and Toda & Yamamoto, respectively. And on this basis, the effect of the rural industrial structure adjustment on Chinas rural economic growth was empirically analyzed in detail. The influence mechanism of Chinas rural industrial structure adjustment on rural economic growth was well explained by the relevant variables through cointegration analysis and Granger causality test. The results showed that there was a longterm equilibrium relationship between Chinas rural industrial structure adjustment and economic growth,and the adjustment of industrial structure in rural areas certainly will affect the rural economic growth． Related Articles | Metrics

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analysis on agriculture water saving based on agriculture GDP water consumption in zhejiang Xu Lian-jun 2012, 24(1):  0-161.  Abstract ( 570 )   PDF (1132KB) ( 1073 )   The relationship among agriculture GDP growth,water consumption,water structure and agriculture water saving efficiency was analyzed and compared.The influencing factors on agriculture water GDP were analyzed by multiple linear regression modles on the basis of zero growth in total supplying water amount in zhejiang. The results showed that there was great potential in agriculture waster saving in zhejiang. Related Articles | Metrics

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The role and application of MYB-type transcription factors in the plant growth and development Liu zhong-li;Cong yue-xi;Gou wei-chao;Wang xiang;Chen kun 2012, 24(1):  0-179.  Abstract ( 1004 )   PDF (1235KB) ( 1430 )   The MYB family is one of the most important transcription factors family of plants.They play important roles in various processes including anthocynin biosynthesis,envirnmental stress resistance, and the regulation of the growth and deveiopment cotton fibers.Furthermore,the processes interact with each other with MYB as a key bridge. Related Articles | Metrics

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Competitiveness study of potato starch industry based on gray correlation analysis in Gansu province Shi yong-liang;Du ying;Zhang ai-niong*;Zhang jian-tao 2012, 24(1):  0-168.  Abstract ( 976 )   PDF (1127KB) ( 1223 )   Based on ananlysis of the potato starch development in Gansu province, the impact factors of the potato starch industry competitive were explored.On this basis, the industry competitiveness of the potato starch in the main producing areas of China was estimated by grey correlation analysis, moreover, the stituation of potato starch industry competitiveness in Gansu province was analyzed based on the calculation results. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of feeding probiotics in animal healthy cultivation Lv yu-li;Xu zi-wei;Wu jian-liang;Deng bo 2012, 24(1):  0-186.  Abstract ( 1039 )   PDF (1135KB) ( 1744 )   Probiotic is a new type of nontoxic and unpolluted feed addivites of biological products.It has some specific fuctions such as adjusting the microecological balance in animal organism,preventing diseases,enhancing the feed/gain ratio,promoting animal health and protecting ecological environment, instead of antibiotic ,probiotic hasn't toxins and side-effects ,drug residuses and resistences,so it has been extensively used in animal product.The origins,kinds,functional mechanisms of feeding probiotic were discussed in animal healthy cultivation. Related Articles | Metrics