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25 November 2011, Volume 23 Issue 6 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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作物科学
动物科学
园艺科学
植物保护
环境科学
植物保护
环境科学
植物保护
环境科学
食品科学
环境科学
生物系统工程
农业经济
生物系统工程
农业经济
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作物科学

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Effects of seed pelleting with magnetic powder on tobacco seed germination and seedling growth LI Yongping;GUAN Yajing;MA Wenguang;ZHENG Yunye;HU Jin;* 2011, 23(6):  0-1077.  Abstract ( 890 )   PDF (1139KB) ( 1306 )   In present experiment, seeds of two tobacco cultivars, Honghua Dajinyuan and MS Yunyan 85, were used to investigate effects of seed pelleting with magnetic powder on tobacco seed germination and seedling growth. The results showed that three treatments with magnetic powder concentrations of 2% (B2), 5% (B5) and 8% (B8) were mixed with second layer powder of the pelleting, respectively, had no negative influence on germination emergence, germination percentage and germination index of two tobacco cultivar seeds. For Honghua Dajinyuan, root length and shoot height significantly increased in treatments of B2 and B8 , and B5, respectively. For MS Yunyan 85, shoot height was obviously improved by B2, B5 and B8, and shoot dry weight was significantly enhanced by B5. It suggested that the suitable magnetic powder concentration for seed pelleting was 2% to 8%, and adding magnetic powders to the second layer of the pelleting was better. Related Articles | Metrics

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High yield cultivation mechanism of direct-seeding rapeseed (Brassica napus L. cv. Zheyou-18) SHAO Mei\|hong;SUN Jia\|yan;LIN Bao\|gang;ZHANG Dong\|qing;* 2011, 23(6):  0-1072.  Abstract ( 953 )   PDF (1208KB) ( 1229 )   Effects of three cultural factors including seeding time, plant density and application amount of nitrogen on main traits and yield of direct\|seeding rapeseed Zheyou\|18 were studied using orthogonal test. The results showed that seeding time significantly affected the height, the number of primary affective branches, the total pods per plant, the grains per pod and the kilo-grain weight. Plant density significantly affected the number of primary affective branches, the total pods per plant and the grains per pod. Meanwhile, the application amount of nitrogen only influenced the branch height, and these three cultural factors had no significant effect on the other traits. The order of the three effect factors on rapeseed yield was seeding time>plant density>application amount of nitrogen based on the range of means and F test. The yield of Zheyou-18 increased at first and reduced later with the increasing application of nitrogen, but showed no significant difference. The yield markedly increased with appropriate earlier seeding time and higher plant density． Related Articles | Metrics

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Allelopathic effect of Commelina benghalensis root exudates YANG Tiantian;DU Hairong;CHEN Gang;*;DENG Peng;ZHEN Weiwei 2011, 23(6):  0-1083.  Abstract ( 896 )   PDF (1377KB) ( 1146 )   In the farmland ecosystem, one reason for the crops postponed seed germination and weak seedling was attributed to the influence of allelochemicals released from the weeds. The root exudates of Commelina benghalensis were collected with a continuous trapping system. The allelopathic effects of the root exudates from Commelina benghalensis L on four crops-Sorghum vulgare, Zea mays, Vigna radiate and Brassica napus were investigated in seed germination and seedling growth with petri-dish and sand cultivation. The results showed that the root exudates from C. benghalensis had different allelopathic effects on the four crops, and varied with crop species in the descending order of Brassica napus > Zea mays > Vigna radiate > Sorghum vulgare. Allelopathic index of seed germination and seedling growth depended on the concentration of root exudates, that is, when the concentration was lower than 0.025 g·mL-1, the germination and seedling growth of acceptors were promoted. While the concentration was over 0.050 g·mL-1, they were inhibited, and the level of inhibition was improved with the increase of the root exudates concentration. In conclusion, Brassica napus was inhibited more strongly than the other species at the same concentration. The results also indicated that the allelopathic effects of C. benghalensis to the four acceptors were not so strong in low concentration． Related Articles | Metrics

动物科学

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Establishment and optimization of SRAP-PCR amplification system in Takifugu obscurus CHENG Chanhong;ZHANG Minying;LIU Kai;XU Dongpo;DUAN Jinrong;ZHOU Yanfeng;SHI Weigang;* 2011, 23(6):  0-1089.  Abstract ( 677 )   PDF (1451KB) ( 1151 )   Using genomic DNA of Takifugu obscurus, SRAP-PCR amplification system of Takifugu obscurus was optimized using orthogonal design based on five influencing factors of the amplification efficiency (Mg2+, Taq DNA polymerase, dNTPs, DNA template, primer) at four levels. The results showed that the optimal 20 μL SRAP-PCR reaction system contained Mg2+ 1.5mmol·L-1, TaqDNA polymerase 0.5 U, dNTPs 0.15 mmol·L-1, template DNA 75 ng and primer 0.2 μmol·L-1. The optimized SRAP\|PCR system was tested for 30 Takifugu obscurus germplasms and proved to be stable and reliable. Related Articles | Metrics

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Influences of glutathione-S-transferase on mud loach challenged with bacteria Aeromonas hydrophila and iron dextran GENG Xiaoxue;QIU Qingchong;DENG Gang;LI Wei;* 2011, 23(6):  0-1094.  Abstract ( 976 )   PDF (1141KB) ( 1085 )   Mud loach is widly distributed in East\|Asia. Previous reports showed that glutathione\|S\|transferase (GSTs) was one key element in the detoxication procedure of immune system. The aim of this study was to investigate the influences of different concentrations of Aeromonas hydrophila and iron dextran on glutathione\|S\|transferase in mud loach. The liver was extracted and homogenated to obtain the GSTs in different time after injection. The activities of GSTs were analyzed and the results showed that different concentrations of Aeromonas hydrophila induced the expression of GSTs in livers of loaches. The group treated with 21×109cfu·mL-1 had the strongest ability to induce the activity of GSTs. However, the group treated with 21×107 cfu·mL-1 and 21×105 cfu·mL-1 showed a smaller induction on activity of GSTs than 21×109 cfu·mL-1 group. The activity of GSTs reached the peak several hours after injection and then dropped to the normal level, and the GSTs activities of treatment groups were significantly higher than the control. After injection of iron dextran, we found that different concentrations of iron dextran showed different effects on GSTs activities. The GSTs activities was the highest when treated with 10 μg·g-1 iron dextran, and reached the peak at 1 d after injection and then dropped to the normal level during the following days. However, the GSTs activities was inhibited when treated with 25 μg·g-1 and 50 μg·g-1 iron dextran, which was the strongest at 4 d after injection with iron dextran and then increased to the normal level． Related Articles | Metrics

园艺科学

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Effects of mulch using vapor permeable light reflecting film on fruit quality of Satsuma mandarin CHEN Junwei;*;XIE Ming;XU Hongxia;FANG Weiwen;WU Donglin;XIAO Jinping;ZHANG Huiqin 2011, 23(6):  0-1099.  Abstract ( 766 )   PDF (1217KB) ( 1321 )   Effects of coverage of vapor permeable light reflecting film and silver\|black light reflecting film on fruit coloring, soluble solid contents, titratable acid content and sugar accumulation in fruit of Satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marc.) were studied. The results showed that mulch with vapor permeable light reflecting film improved fruit coloring. The a* value of color parameter was significantly increased in mulch treatment during fruit coloring and thus the fruits of mulch treatment showed redder color compared with the control. Soluble solid contents increased by 1.5 and 0.5 Brix° compared to the control after mulch with vapor permeable light reflecting film and silver black light reflecting film, respectively. Titratable acid content also slightly increased. The glucose, fructose and sucrose content increased in fruit mulched by light reflecting film, especially for glucose and fructose content. However, vapor permeable light reflecting film was more effectively than silver black light reflecting film. Related Articles | Metrics

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Situation and analysis of nomenclature about cultivars of twenty important fruit crops in China MU Qian;YU Mingliang;FANG Jinggui;*;SUN Xin;MA Ruijuan;SONG Changnian; 2011, 23(6):  0-1106.  Abstract ( 614 )   PDF (1205KB) ( 1440 )   Fruit crops are important cash crop with high nutrition value. The scientific nomenclature of fruit cultivars not only was of importance in the unification and the specification of fruit cultivars name, but also benefits the researches in pomology areas and the development of fruit industries. However, the nomenclature of the fruit crops was affected by region, culture and some other factors. In order to understand the situation of the nomenclature of fruit cultivars in China, and to provide more comprehensive referential data for the nomenclature in the future, we analyzed the nomenclature modes of the cultivars of apple, peach, litchi, chestnut, hazelnut, mei, hawthorn, longan, loquat, kixifruit, jujube, persimmon, citrus, lie, apricot, pear, cherry, strawberry, grapevine and banana in total of 20 important and representative fruit crops selected． Related Articles | Metrics

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Cloning and analysis of ITS sequences from four Carpinus plants in Mount Tiantai CHEN Beibei;LI Wenping;ZHOU Jing;WANG Anle 2011, 23(6):  0-1112.  Abstract ( 805 )   PDF (2056KB) ( 1154 )   To provide evidence for molecular identification and genetic diversity studies, sequencing and analysis of ITS from Carpinus tientaiensis, C. londoniana, C. polyneura and C. viminea were performed. ITS sequences were amplified from leaf DNA of four Carpinus plants by PCR. Sequence were compared and analyzed using ClustalX, EXCEL and MEGA softwares. Seven Carpinus ITS sequences were downloaded from NCBI database for evolution analysis. Sequence analysis results revealed that these four ITSs were 600-602 bp in length with 26 variable sites. Some sites showed prominent species characteristics and could be used for specific DNA fingerprint identification. Evolution analysis results indicated that the genetic distance among 11 Carpinus plants were 0.0048-0.0681， confirming their interspecific relationship. The four Carpinus plants collected from Mount Tiantai belonged to 3 different clades, one for C. polyneura, C. kawakamii and C. monbeigiana, another for C. tientaiensis, C. betulus and C. hupeana, and the other for C. londoniana C. viminea and C. caroliniana. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of orthogonal design in tissue culture of Begonia Helen Lewis ZHANG Zhi;LIU Jianxin;WANG Weiyong 2011, 23(6):  0-1122.  Abstract ( 648 )   PDF (1339KB) ( 1140 )   Effects of 6\|BA, NAA and 2,4*D on adventitious buds induction from leaf explants of Begonia Helen Lewis were studied by L9(34)orthogonal design. In the present work we established an in vitro regenerative protocol for the large-scale propagation. The experimental results showed that the best medium for adventitious buds induction was MS with 2 mg·L-1 6-BA,05 mg·L-1 NAA, 05 mg·L-1 2,4-D, and young leaves used as explants showed 867% induction rate of adventitious buds for about 36 d, with light green calli formed. The MS media supplemented with 0.5 mg·L-1 6-BA and 0.2 mg·L-1 NAA was beneficial to differentiation and proliferation of adventitious buds and calli, while the best rooting effect was in 1/2 MS medium with 0.5 mg·L-1 IBA. Plantlets longer than 4 cm were successfully transplanted into soil medium showing a survival rate of 90%. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of chilling stress on growth, metabolism of reactive oxygen species and polyamines in vegetable soybean seedlings HU Junjie;ZHANG Guwen;HU Qizan;XU Shengchun;GONG Yaming;* 2011, 23(6):  0-1118.  Abstract ( 1118 )   PDF (1223KB) ( 1356 )   Two vegetable soybean cultivars, Huning 95-1 (cold-tolerant cultivar) and Taiwan 75 (cold-sensitive cultivar) were used to investigate the effects of chilling stress on plant growth, metabolism of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and polyamines. The results showed that chilling stress significantly reduced the biomass production of both cultivars, with the reduction in Taiwan 75 more significant. When exposed to chilling stress, antioxidant enzymes activities, O·-2 producing rate, contents of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondiadehyde (MDA) increased significantly in both cultivars, with the fold of increment of antioxidant enzymes activities more significant in Huning 95-1 and O·-2production rate, contents of H2O2 and MDA in Taiwan 75, respectively. In addition, after chilling stress, contents of different forms of putrescine (Put), spermidine (Spd) and spermine (Spm) in leaves of Huning 95-1 increased significantly, contents of different forms of Put in leaves of Taiwan 75 decreased obviously, levels of free and conjugated Spd and Spm increased markedly, no significant difference was observed in bound Spd and Spm. These results indicated that different forms of Put, bound Spd and Spm were involved in lower growth reduction, lower oxidative damage and higher antioxidant enzymes activities in Huning 95-1, and they might play important roles in cold tolerance of vegetable soybean plants． Related Articles | Metrics

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Fast propagation of tissue culture, acclimation and cultivation technique of Eleocharis ducis cv. Diantou Sanwang LAI Xiaofang;CHEN Yinlong;*;WANG Bocheng;YANG Changliang;LIU Shoukan;LIN Haizhong 2011, 23(6):  0-1128.  Abstract ( 732 )   PDF (1202KB) ( 1113 )   In order to establish a rapid propagation system of Eleocharis dulcis cv. Diantou Sanwang by tissue culture, the corm terminal buds of Diantou Sanwang was used as explants, and basic MS medium supplemented with 6BA, NAA, AC and PVP at various concentrations was used. The results showed that the optimal induction medium was MS+6BA 15 mg·L-1. For proliferation of the shoots, MS+6BA 15 mg·L-1+NAA 001 mg·L-1 was the best medium, and the highest proliferation rate reached 11.2. The optimal combination of rooting medium was modified as 1/2 MS+NAA 0.05 mg·L-1+AC 1 000 mg·L-1 or MS+NAA 0.05 mg·L-1+AC 1 000 mg·L-1 on which 100% rooting rate was induced. We also found that it could be better in controlling browning when we added 400 mg·L-1 PVP during subculture, and browning rate decreased from 89.6% to 2.0%, meanwhile, the multiplication coefficient increased from 11.20 to 13.85. In this paper, we also made a detailed study on the tissue culture acclimation and transplanting techniques, and the seedling survival rate was up to 100%. Related Articles | Metrics

植物保护

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Effect of drought stress on the physiological characteristics of Primula forrestii ZHANG Lu;ZHANG Qixiang*;WANG Shiqin 2011, 23(6):  0-1133.  Abstract ( 617 )   PDF (1186KB) ( 1140 )   The changes of physiological indexes of Primula forrestii were investigated, which were treated with 10%, 15% and 20% PEG-6000 solution for 24 hours, and of which the one treated under 15% PEG stress were re-watered at different time. In the experiments, chlorophyll, soluble protein, malondianldehyde (MDA), proline contents in leaves and relative conductance rate of leaves were determined. With the prolonging of drought stress, in all the three PEG treatments, the content of chlorophyll in leaves decreased continuously, and soluble protein contents first increased steadily then decreased, while MDA and proline contents increased. In 20%PEG treatment, the plants could recover rapidly within 8 h, whereas after 12 h treatment, all the physiological indexes recovered slowly, so that 12 h was the turning point of Primula forrestiis recovery． Related Articles | Metrics

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Assessment on quality and safety of the vegetables in Zhejiang market based on AHP DONG Xiujin;WANG Xiaoli;ZHU Jiahong;HU Guixian 2011, 23(6):  0-1156.  Abstract ( 677 )   PDF (2292KB) ( 1275 )   The main heavy metal contents and pesticide residues in 10 kinds of vegetables for sell in 11 prefecture cities of Zhejiang Province were monitored and evaluated. The comprehensive pollution index of different kinds of vegetable and different subregion markets was figured out by Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP).The results showed as followed: safe level of different kinds of vegetables from high to low was: cabbage> water bamboo> cucumber> tomato> towel gourd > leek> Chinese cabbage> celery > cowpea >eggplant；safe level of vegetables in different subregions from high to low was：Hangzhou>Jinhua>Shaoxing> Wenzhou>Taizhou>Lishui> Zhoushan>Quzhou> Huzhou> Jiaxing > Ningbo． Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparative analysis on NPK uptake by different organs of eggplants during different growth stages ZHANG Ya 2011, 23(6):  0-1139.  Abstract ( 1135 )   PDF (1166KB) ( 1399 )   The uptake rule that NPK accumulate in eggplant (Hangjia No.2008) had been investigated. The NPK content of different organs of eggplants had been analyzed during different growth stages. The results showed that the uptake amounts of K by the single eggplant was the highest (11.41 g), followed by N (4.19 g) and P (1.19 g). The percentages of NPK uptake amount at seedling stage in whole developmental stage were the least, which showed as N (3.3%), P (3.5%) and K (2.6%), respectively. Second was the early fruit stage with N (14.6%), P (10.8%) and K (16.9%), respectively. The mid fruit stage showed the highest as N (53.2%), P (68.9%) and K (55.3%), respectively. Compared to other organs, the percentages of NPK distribution in fruits was the highest, as N (53.2%), P (68.9%) and K (55.3%), respectively, while the percentages of NPK distribution in roots was the lowest. The N percentage of leaf was more than stem, while the P and K percentages of stem were more than leaf. The best curve equation of daily NPK accumulation by eggplants was cubic curve equation in the whole developmental stage, which was superior to normal linear and logarithmic equations. When the fresh eggplant yield was 3 941 kg per 667m2, the uptake amounts of N, P and K were 2.13 kg, 0.60 kg and 5.78 kg per 1 000 kg eggplants, respectively and the ratio of N, P and K uptake amount was 1.00∶0.28∶2.71． Related Articles | Metrics

环境科学

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Residue dynamics of zoxamide in cucumber and soil ZHANG Chunrong;PING Lifeng;ZHAO Hua;HE Hongmei;HU Xiouqing;WU Min;LI Zhen* 2011, 23(6):  0-1181.  Abstract ( 1070 )   PDF (1540KB) ( 1234 )   A method was developed to determine the residue of zoxamide in cucumber and soil by gas chromatography(GC).The samples were extracted by acetonitrile, purified by column aluminaB and analyzed by gas chromatography with electron capture detection (GC/ECD). The results showed that the linear ranges were 0.020-0.000 mg·L-1 for zoxamide, the coefficient of correlation was 1 and the limit of quantitation (LOQ) of residues in cucumber and soil was 0.1 mg·kg-1.The average recoveries and coefficient of variations of zoxamide of the method varied from 89.% to 96.% and 4.% to 10.% for cucumber samples, and 90.% to 97.% and 2.% to 4.5 for soil samples.The degradation of zoxamide in cucumber and soil were conformed to the firstorder dynamic equation. The halflife of zoxamide in cucumber and soil were 1.-3. d and 1.-5. d,respectively． Related Articles | Metrics

植物保护

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The function of rice OsBBR1 in resistance to rice bacterial blight disease DONG Ruixian;WANG Xuming;YAN Chengqi;CHEN Jianping;* 2011, 23(6):  0-1146.  Abstract ( 756 )   PDF (1531KB) ( 1188 )   Y73 is a progeny of asymmetric somatic hybridization from an elite japonica rice cultivar (Dalixiang) and a wild rice (Oryza meyeriana) and shows high resistance to bacterial blight. The expression of a NBSLRR gene in Y73 was induced notably after inoculation with Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae(PXO124). In order to investigate the function of the gene in resistance to rice bacterial blight disease, the CDS of the gene (2 631 bp) was cloned by RTPCR and was named OsBBR1(bacterial blight resistancerelated gene 1). Furthermore, the overexpression and RNA interference vectors of the gene were constructed with pCAMBIA1300 and the transgenic rice lines were developed by Agrobacteriummediated transformation. Resistance assay of transgenic analysis revealed that RNA interference lines were more sensitive to rice bacterial blight, while the overexpressing lines shown higher resistance to bacterial blight compared with wild type plants. These results suggested that OsBBR1 was involved in the rice bacterial blight resistance. Furthermore, the analysis of subcellular localization showed that OsBBR1 localized in cell plasma membrane and nuclear. This result indicated that OsBBR1 was probably involved in the signal transduction and the regulation of the transcription of downstream genes． Related Articles | Metrics

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The nematode quantity in edible mushroom substance and its amplification and impact on the mushroom mycelium growth LIANG Lin\|lin;LIU Qi\|zhi*;XIE Fei;YANG Dao\|wei;BAI Peng\|hua 2011, 23(6):  0-1161.  Abstract ( 671 )   PDF (1555KB) ( 1142 )   In order to confirm the harmfulness of the dominant nematodes isolated from edible mushroom growing substance, the nematode quantity amplification on Auricularia auricular and Agaricus bisporus culture medium and its impact on the mushroom hypha growth were investigated in this study. The results showed that 19 genera including three dominant nematode species, Acrobeloides sp., Mesorhabditis sp. and Aphelenchoides composticola were identified and isolated from the button mushroom substance in Cangnan County, Zhejing Province. The three dominant nematode species of each with 150 individuals were inoculated in test tubes which were filled with the hyphae of A. auricular or A. bisporus. The mushroom hyphae grew normally after one week, the number of the nematodes increased less than 4.5 times of the inoculation amount (except of Mesorhabditis sp., its quantity on the A. bisporus hyphae increased 27 times as the amount of the inoculation); after two weeks, the nematodes could lead to mushroom mycelium untimely black brown and withered. After inoculated the three nematode species respectiviely on the hyphae of A. auricular for 2 or 3 weeks, the nematode quantity of all the 3 species increased about 10 times. On A. bisporus hyphae for 2 weeks, the nematode quantity of Acrobeloides sp., Mesorhabditis sp. and A. composticola increased 19.4, 42.3 and 11.1 times, respectively; for three weeks, the quantity of Acrobeloides sp. and Mesorhabditis sp. increased 60 times, while the quantity of A. composticola increased 10 times. Therefore, it was considered that when the density of the nematodes (Acrobeloides sp., Mesorhabditis sp. and A. composticola) was lower than 10 individuals per cm2 substance, the hyphae growth of A. auricular and A. bisporus was sensory normal within 1 week, but the hyphae would be damaged by the nematodes after 2 weeks． Related Articles | Metrics

环境科学

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Comprehensive evaluation of water pollution caused by agricultural nonpoint source in Tiaoxi River HU Chenxia;ZHOU Lijun;HUANG Zuqing;ZHANG Zhongming 2011, 23(6):  0-1202.  Abstract ( 718 )   PDF (1124KB) ( 1320 )   Comprehensive evaluation of agricultural nonpoint source pollution around six counties around Tiaoxi River was conducted by equal standard pollution loading method in 2008. The results indicated that the lose rates of COD, TN and TP were 6782%, 2875% and 342%, respectively. The equivalent standard pollution loading rates of COD, TN and TP were 6.88%, 58.3% and 34.75%, respectively. The equivalent standard pollution loading rates of animal and poultry feces, chemical fertilizer, breeding fish ponds, and domestic living sewage were 43.87%, 23.95%, 17.34% and 14.84%, respectively, which showed that the animals and poultry feces was the greatest agricultural nonpoint source of water system in Tiaoxi River drainage area． Key words: agricultural nonpoint source pollution; equal standard pollution loading; pollution evaluation; Tiaoxi River Related Articles | Metrics

植物保护

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Antagonism of Chinese leek against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. Cubense and its inhibitory effect on Fusarium wilt incidence of potted banana HUANG Yonghong;LI Chunyu;WEI Yuerong;ZUO Cunwu;YI Ganjun;* 2011, 23(6):  0-1166.  Abstract ( 785 )   PDF (1409KB) ( 1278 )   The suppressive and control effect of Chinese leek on the growth of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. Cubense race 4(Foc4) and banana Fusarium wilt was studies in laboratory and greenhouse. The results showed the extracts of Chinese leek significantly suppressed the growth of Foc4 and resulted in highly lethal effects on the spores. Moreover, in the peat soil artificially inoculated with Foc4 and in the field soil naturally infected with Foc, the disease incidence and disease severity index greatly reduced in the treatment of water extracts and leek residues, which suggested Chinese leek had high control effect on banana Fusarium wilt． Related Articles | Metrics

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Determination of gibberellin A3 in rice panicle by highperformance liquid chromatography CHEN Shengjun;WANG Yanli;ZHANG Zhen;JIANG Hua;CHAI Rongyao;MAO Xue\|qin;QIU Haiping;WANG Jiaoyu;DU Xinfa;* 2011, 23(6):  0-1171.  Abstract ( 1022 )   PDF (1166KB) ( 1180 )   This paper aims to find out a suitable method for extracting, purifying and analyzing endogenous gibberellin A3 of rice panicle by highperformance liquid chromatography method. To deal with the existence of large amount of pigments, polyphenols and other impurities,pigment was eliminated by chloroform and then gibberellin A3 was purified by liquidliquid extraction of three steps. On the basis of former reports, the highperformance liquid chromatographic conditions for analyzing endogenous hormone of plant were improved. It was found that the optimal chromatographic conditions included that detection wave length was made by the UV detector at 254 nm and the mobile phase was composed of acetonitrilewateracetic acid liquid (volume ratio 20∶79∶1) at the velocity of 1.0 mL·min-1, et al. The peak shape was good and retention time was stable under these chromatographic conditions. The results showed that the add mark recovery rate of gibberellin A3 was above 80% and the relative standard deviation was less than 3% according to this test procedure, which demonstrated that the test procedure could detect endogenous gibberellin A3 of rice panicle excisely. Related Articles | Metrics

环境科学

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Simultaneous determination of butachlor and clomazone in cotton and soil by high performance liquid chromatography LI Xinan;CHEN Xiling;ZHAO Hua;* 2011, 23(6):  0-1176.  Abstract ( 1181 )   PDF (1199KB) ( 1291 )   An analytical method was established for simultaneous determining butachlor and clomazone residues in cotton and soil. Samples were extracted with acetonitrile, cleaned up by passing through an aluminum oxide (neutral) column, determined by reversedphase HPLC with an ultraviolet detector. When the sample was spiked at 0.05-1.0 mg·kg-1, the average recovery varied from 88.78% to 99.52% (RSD 0.49%-2.09%) for butachlor and 85.57% to 101.2% (RSD 0.7%-2.4%) for clomazone. The lowest detection limit for butachlor and clomazone was 5.×10-10 and 1.×10-9 g, respectively. The lowest detectable concentration was 0.5 mg·kg-1 in cotton seeds and soil. The proposed method met the demands of pesticide residue analysis. The degraded dynamic in cotton leaves and soil indicated that the half lives of butachlor were 2.4 and 2.3 days, and the half lives of clomazone were 2.4 and 2.3 days. The final residues of butachlor and clomazone in soil and cotton seeds were less than 0.5 mg·kg-1． Related Articles | Metrics

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Detection method and residue dynamic of tebufenozide and furan tebufenozide in soil ZHOU Hang;WANG Jingwen;*;WANG Wanshan;YANG Wenye;QIAN Mingrong 2011, 23(6):  0-1186.  Abstract ( 1115 )   PDF (1149KB) ( 1146 )   A method for determining residue of tebufenozide and furan tebufenozide pesticides in soil by means of liquid chromatograph was developed. The samples were extracted by acetomintrile, purified using amino column and filtered by the organic membrane. The results showed that the recoveries were in the range of 83% and 100.5%, and furan tebufenozide were 87% to 109.5%, with RSD less than 10.2%, which indicated that the method could meet the requires for the analysis of the pesticide residue in soil. Comparing the degradation dynamics of tebufenozide and furan tebufenozide in two types of soil (sandy loam, sand), the tests showed that residues of tebufenozide and furans tebufenozide was the largest after 1 h, with the extension of the reduced interval. The degradation rate of pesticide in the sandy loam was faster than sand. Pesticide digestion equations in the sand were: tebufenozide Ct=0.847e-0.1848t,T1/2=3.75 d,R2=0.9554；furan tebufenozide Ct=0.875e-0.2895t,T1/2=2.39 d,R2=0.929， and in the sandy loam tebufenozide Ct=0.816e-0.12541t,T1/2=5.53 d,R2=0.9418；furan tebufenozide Ct=0.8657e-0.1462t,T1/2=4.74 d,R2=0.9399. Related Articles | Metrics

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Selection of Bacillus cereus resisting to jingangmycin aqua XU Chuan;ZHAO Chuntian*;HE Wenyan;QIU Juanping 2011, 23(6):  0-1191.  Abstract ( 596 )   PDF (1544KB) ( 1186 )   Related Articles | Metrics

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Screening of hydrophyte plant species with high uptake of N and P potential for remediation of polluted water ZHANG Min;GUO Bin;FU Qing\|lin;*;JING Jinfu;LI Hua;DING Nengfei;LIU Chen;LIN Yicheng 2011, 23(6):  0-1215.  Abstract ( 1038 )   PDF (2369KB) ( 1466 )   Pot experiments were conducted to screen hydrophyte plant species for high uptake potentials of N and P. The plants including three kinds of emerged plants, namely Thalia dealbata, Iris tectorum, Canna indica, and three kinds of floated plants, namely Ludwigia peploides, Myriophyllum spicatum, Pistia stratiotes. The results showed that: among all these species, the dry weight, uptakes of N and P, and the highest abilities of removal of N and P from water of Thalia dealbata and Pistia stratiotes were found in 15 d pot experiments. Furthermore, when combining emerged plants with floated plants into a pot experiment, the increase in dry weight, and the abilities of removal of N and P of emerged plant were higher than those of floated plants. Combination of Thalia dealbata with Pistia stratiotes could remove 90.7% of P and 97.9% of N during 15 d growth period. Thus, these two spices could be recommended as ideal plants in remediation of N and P polluted waters． Related Articles | Metrics

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Iodine fortification of fruit vegetable with seaweed iodine fertilizer application in the field HONG Chunlai;LIU Huiping;WENG Huanxin;*;ZHU Fengxiang;CHEN Xiaoyang;WANG Weiping;XUE Zhiyong 2011, 23(6):  0-1198.  Abstract ( 607 )   PDF (1523KB) ( 1104 )   The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of seaweed iodine absorption and accumulation on fruit vegetables in field experiments under two different application techniques (root application and exroot application). The results showed that the iodine in the edible parts of fruit vegetable increased with the increasing iodine addition in soil. The iodine in edible parts of vegetable decreased with the sampling time except soybean. Under two different application techniques (root application and exroot application), root application of iodine was more favorable to iodine accumulation in vegetable, of which the distribution of iodine was showed as: root>leaf>stem>fruit. Whereas with iodine exroot application (spraying to the leaf), the iodine content of leaf was the highest, then was stem, and the iodine accumulation in fruit and root were the minimum in all these tested vegetables． Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of different management practices on soil respiration of Phragmites communities in Yangtze River reclaimed wetlands YANG Shuhui;REN Wenling;ZHONG Qicheng;WANG Kaiyun*;ZHANG Chao 2011, 23(6):  0-1209.  Abstract ( 831 )   PDF (1653KB) ( 1224 )   Mowing and straw returning of Phragmites are two main management practices in the wetland ecosystem. A field experiment was conducted at Dongtan wetland, Chongming Island near Yangtze River estuary to determine the effects of different management practices on soil respiration of wetland ecosystem. The results indicated that late winter mowing and straw returning significantly increased the strength of soil respiration, whereas early winter mowing and no straw returning significantly reduced the strength of soil respiration. There was an exponential relationship (P<005) between soil respiration and soil temperatures. Correlation coefficients between soil respiration and soil moisture were lower than that between soil respiration and soil temperatures. A combination of soil temperature and moisture could explain 88%-93% of the variability in soil respiration. The results of this study showed that management practices could markedly affect soil carbon emissions in the wetland ecosystem． Related Articles | Metrics

食品科学

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Branch module of Juglans regia L. f. luodianense Liu et Xu in different slope positions ZHANG Dongkai;LIU Jiming*;XU Guorui;LIAO Xiaofeng;YAN Guohua;WANG Min 2011, 23(6):  0-1231.  Abstract ( 608 )   PDF (1190KB) ( 1257 )   In order to explore the branch module features of Juglans regia L. f. luodianense Liu et Xu in different slope positions, the branch module situation of J. regia L. f. luodianense in middle slope position, down slope position and nonslope position was investigated and analyzed by method of Harpers plant module theory. The results showed that:(1) J. regia L. f. luodianense had more branches and better growth in down slope position;(2)The order of spatial expanding capacity of J. regia L. f. luodianense showed as nonslope position> middle slope position>down slope position. The use level of light and carbon dioxide of J. regia L. f. luodianense somewhat depended on the length of its first class branches;(3)The order of branching capability of J. regia L. f. luodianense showed as nonslope position> middle slope position>down slope position, and the branching capability of its branches showed as the third class branches>the second class branches>the first class branches;(4)The transportation of moisture and nutrient between the first class branches and the second class branches had the greatest effect on growth and development of J. regia L. f. luodianense． Related Articles | Metrics

环境科学

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Application research of cultivated land fertility evaluation based on land use status data JIANG Yugen;WU Haoxiang;*;QIU Xiya;BAI Jinhe;HE Xuhua;CHEN Kan 2011, 23(6):  0-1221.  Abstract ( 582 )   PDF (1654KB) ( 1331 )   The purpose of this paper was to evaluate cultivated land fertility based on land use status map at 1∶10 000 scale combined with existing soil survey and soil sample analysis data. The evaluation results showed that spatial positioning of cultivated land distribution was a more accurate and practical situation and that the assessment unit division of cultivated land classification was more reasonable and more sophisticated, and the evaluation accuracy was greatly improved, compared to evaluation at 1∶50 000 scale implemented in the work program of testing soil for formulated fertilization in our country. The research method in this paper was beneficial for the establishment of soil testing and formulated fertilization information management systems to provide detailed basic information and scientific management of farmland. It can better meet farmland information needs on precision agriculture and fertilizer management for agricultural production． Related Articles | Metrics

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Optimization of overexpression conditions of Lactobacillus plantarum bsh genes YAO Jing;REN Jing;WU Zhengjun;GUO Benheng;* 2011, 23(6):  0-1226.  Abstract ( 695 )   PDF (1146KB) ( 1117 )   The bsh1 gene was subcloned into expression vector pET28b and its product bile sale hydrolase(BSH) was overexpressed in Escherichia coli BL21. The appropriate value of each significant effect was noted with single factor experimental design. Effects of inducing time, isopropylthioDgalactoside. IPTG concentration, bile salt concentration and amount of medium on BSH activity were investigated by orthogonal test. After orthogonal experimental design, under the optimal condition, the specific activity of BSH was 817.73 U． Related Articles | Metrics

生物系统工程

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Design of a small portable wind/pv hybrid controller WU Xiuhua;LIU Yongliang;GUO Lijie;HONG Su 2011, 23(6):  0-1136.  Abstract ( 592 )   PDF (1234KB) ( 1135 )   The city possesses abundant wind and solar energy resources. In order to facilitate and effectively utilize the solar and wind power of the city. Based on the 60 W wind/pv hybrid generation system, a new small portable wind/pv hybrid controller was designed to transform dispersed energy into electric energy stored in the battery. In this paper, 89C51 microcontroller was used as the intelligent control core to manage and control the wind/pv hybrid system, and the intelligent battery charging was achieved through a timer producing a highfrequency PWM. Meanwhile, using the matlab software, the experiment simulated the 60W wind/pv hybrid system and the experimental data proved the correctness of the parameter of the hardware system and security and reliability of the whole power system． Related Articles | Metrics

农业经济

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Dynamic changes of agricultural resources utilization efficiency form 1994 to 2010 in Zhejiang Provincebased on the analysis of Malmquist index ZHANG Zhongming;ZHOU Lijun;SONG Mingshun 2011, 23(6):  0-1242.  Abstract ( 614 )   PDF (1342KB) ( 1099 )   Agricultural resources panel data form 1994 to 2010 was adopted in the northeast six cities and southwest five cities in Zhejiang Province. Utilization efficiency of agricultural resources and its growth were studied empirically with Malmquist index of DEA. The results showed that: the average growth rate of total factor productivity of agricultural resources was 5.08%, that of technological progress was 5.14% and that of technical efficiency was-0.04% from 1994 to 2010 in Zhejiang Province. Technological progress was a major factor promoting TFP growth of agricultural resources, but the negative impact of decline in technical efficiency could not be ignored. As the different levels of technology progress and technical efficiency, utilization efficiency of agricultural resources was significantly different in every region in the province. Overall, the northeast region was higher than the southwest region in utilization efficiency of agricultural resources． Related Articles | Metrics

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Consideration on innovation management of stateowned assets in provincial agricultural research institutions SHEN Xinfen 2011, 23(6):  0-1265.  Abstract ( 991 )   PDF (1124KB) ( 1223 )   Stateowned assets in provincial agricultural research institutions are important material base and necessary guarantees for performing institution functions and providing public products and services. Along with the progress of Chinas stateowned assets management system reform, it is an urgent task to strengthen the management of stateowned assets in provincial agricultural research institutions, increase the efficiency in the use of stateowned assets and ensure and promote the development of undertakings. This paper started with analyzing the characteristics of stateowned assets in provincial agricultural research institutions, revealed the problems in management of stateowned assets, and put forward the proper basic concept in the process of strengthening the management of stateowned assets; meanwhile, put forward the specific measures and methods of innovation management of stateowned assets in provincial agricultural research institutions from the perspectives of strengthening stateowned assets infrastructure construction and informatization construction, carrying out the compensation for use of stateowned assets and strengthening the declaration administration budget． Related Articles | Metrics

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Countermeasures and demand incentives about developing agricultural technology innovation strategic alliances in Zhejiang Province WU Gang;YAN Ping;*;KE Fuyan 2011, 23(6):  0-1247.  Abstract ( 602 )   PDF (1123KB) ( 1220 )   Developing agricultural technology innovation strategic alliance is an urgent thing for integrating the agricultural technology innovation resources and gathering the innovative elements around the leading agricultural enterprises. It is also an efficient way to promote integrated innovation of industry technology and upgrade the industrial core competencies. Taking Zhejiang Province as a case, this paper was aimed to promote some countermeasures of strengthening agricultural technology innovation strategic alliances after analyzing the demand incentives, the present situations and main problems of development of agricultural technology innovation strategic alliance. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis on agricultural production efficiency of statelevel major grainproducing counties in Shaanxi Province based on superefficiency DEA model and Malmquist index WANG Guibo;HAN Yuting;NAN Ling* 2011, 23(6):  0-1254.  Abstract ( 615 )   PDF (1149KB) ( 1300 )   This paper used superefficiency DEA model and Malmquist index comprehensively to analyze the efficiency of the sixteen statelevel major grainproducing counties in Shaanxi Province from static and dynamic views. It was found that: judging from the whole, the total factor productivity had the fastest growth speed during 2007 to 2008; judging from each county, both the comprehensive efficiency of agricultural production and the total factor productivity of Wugong County were ahead of other counties; judging from the growth structure of total factor productivity, the growth of the total factor productivity of the sixteen counties was mainly from agricultural technology progress, neither from the improvement of technical efficiency nor scale efficiency during 2005 to 2009． Related Articles | Metrics

生物系统工程

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The input-utput analysis of economical energy value of leisure agricultural park ecosystems CHEN Zhifeng;ZENG Yurong;LIN Xiaogui;LIN Guohua;LIU Rongzhang;* 2011, 23(6):  0-1260.  Abstract ( 1075 )   PDF (1145KB) ( 1311 )   Integration of the concept of energy value into the systemic analysis of ecology and economics of leisure agricultural parks is a fusion of ecology, economics and tourism. This helps to find a new way of the quantitative evaluation of the interactions among each system in the analysis of system energy value of leisure agricultural parks. The results showed that there was interdependency between the economical energy values of fishery, animal husbandry and the tourism in agricultural ecosystems in Dragon Taishan Ecological Park in Fuzhou, suggesting direct interactions of these industries. The planting subsystem was the base of the entire agricultural ecosystems in Dragon Taishan Ecological Park. The tourism, the fishery and the animal husbandry developed on the basis of the planting and they played important roles for the reuse of the material and energy. However, the internal structure of agricultural ecosystem needs to be further improved to strengthen the interaction between subsystems and increase the efficiency of using of material and energy. Related Articles | Metrics

农业经济

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Development status and countermeasures of new rural technology innovative talent in Hangzhou QIAN Zhongming;LU Kefei;SHEN Yuelin 2011, 23(6):  0-1269.  Abstract ( 623 )   PDF (1110KB) ( 1097 )   This article investigated the development status of new rural technology innovative talent in Hangzhou. Through analyzing the current problems and the personnel training problems of Hangzhou rural innovation, five suggestions were proposed to improve the rural technological innovation policy and strengthen innovation team building． Related Articles | Metrics

综述

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College students associations serving the construction of new rural  PAN Yufeng 2011, 23(6):  0-1273.  Abstract ( 621 )   PDF (1109KB) ( 1219 )   Serving the construction of new rural is a good way for college students to go from the campus toward society, serve local community, exercise their capacity, et al. This article analyzed the necessity and advantages for college student to serve the construction of new rural. Finally, three longterm mechanisms of college students serving the construction of new rural were put forward such as forming and strengthening mechanism of multibeneficiary, establishing and strengthening system safeguard mechanism, establishing and improving incentive mechanism Related Articles | Metrics

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Overview of antimicrobial peptides and its application prospect ONG Shilei;;LIU Wei;XIE Xiuzhi;YU Hongwei;WANG Xin;* 2011, 23(6):  0-1281.  Abstract ( 934 )   PDF (1419KB) ( 1489 )   The antimicrobial peptides are a class of polypeptide substances with antimicrobial activity produced by organism and have a significant killing effect on bacteria, fungi, viruses, etc. Antimicrobial peptides have a wide application prospect and are expected to develop into the antibiotics candidates for the treatment, prevention and control of human and animal diseases. In this paper, the characteristics of structure, the mechanism of action and the application prospect of antimicrobial peptides were reviewed to provide a reference for its deeper research and application． Related Articles | Metrics

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Six cloned rice bacterial blight resistance genes and their mechanism of action WANG Tao;WANG Changchun;HU Haitao;YAN Chengqi;YANG Ling;* 2011, 23(6):  0-1289.  Abstract ( 775 )   PDF (1189KB) ( 1241 )   The bacterial blight of rice is caused by the pathogenic bacterium Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae(Xoo), which resulted in great loss of rice yield and even led to lose production completely. More than 30 resistance genes had been identified, and only seven genes ([STBX]Xa1, Xa21, Xa23, Xa3/Xa26, Xa27, xa5 and xa13)[STBZ] had been cloned. The structure, encoded protein and action mechanism of the cloned resistance genes, except Xa[STBX]23[STBZ], were reviewed in this paper．[JP] Related Articles | Metrics