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25 September 2010, Volume 22 Issue 5 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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Correlation between genetic distance and heterosis based on yield-related molecular markers in indica rice YAN Song;HUANG Fu-deng;LI Chun-shou;TAO Yue-zhi;ZOU Gui-hua* 2010, 22(5):  545-551.  Abstract ( 1102 )   PDF (1249KB) ( 1363 )   Molecular markers tightly linked to the QTLs underlying yield were employed for studying genetic diversity among 13 parents of hybrid rice. The relationship between genetic distance (GD) and hybrid performance was analyzed. The results indicated that: (1) Selected from 79 markers, 34 polymorphism markers produced 84 alleles. The average allele number was 2.5. (2) The cluster analysis classified 13 rice parents lines into two groups (i.e. maintainer line group and restorer line group) and fitted better with the pedigree information. (3) The correlation between genetic distance and the heterosis of yield\|related traits was positive but insignificant (0.04-0.25). The genetic distance showed that the genetic basis of inter-maintainer lines and inter-restorer lines was rather narrow, while the genetic distance between maintainer and restorer lines were relatively distant, which would explain the positive relationship between genetic distance and heterosis. Related Articles | Metrics

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Changes of quality index of Ma duck during postmortem aging WANG Dao-ying;LIU Fang;ZHU Yong-zhi;XU Wei-min*;LI Chao;CAO Jian-min 2010, 22(5):  599-602.  Abstract ( 1377 )   PDF (1030KB) ( 1537 )   Through tracked changes of pH, color, moisture content, shear force values and MFI of duck during postmortem aging, the process of postmortem aging was analyzed comprehensively. The results showed that the pH value of duck meat was the lowest at 12 h, meanwhile, rigor mortis was the highest and meat quality was the worst. After 16 h, moisture content, shear force values and MFI changed gently, which proved it was mature. The postmortem aging cycle of duck was 16 h (environmental temperature 5-8℃)． Related Articles | Metrics

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Genetic diversity analysis of water bamboo (Zizania latifolia Turcz.) germplasms in Zhejiang employing SRAP markers DING Chao-hong;HUA Jin-wei;HU Ting-ting;XU Pei 2010, 22(5):  576-579.  Abstract ( 1053 )   PDF (1203KB) ( 1325 )   The genetic diversity analysis among 35 accessions of water bamboo (Zizania latifolia Turcz.) from Zhejiang Province was conducted using 47 pairs of SRAP primers. A total of 153 loci were detected, 11 being polymorphic, which equalled to an average polymorphism rate of 7.2%. The size of amplified PCR products ranged from 50-400 bp. At a threshold of 0.51, these accessions were generally clustered into two groups. Genetic distance between single-cropping and double-cropping water bamboo was greater than the distance within each type, while the accessions with closer geographic origins showed higher genetic similarity. Related Articles | Metrics

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Molecular cloning of male sterile gene BnaX.MS1.a in Brassica napus and construction of a vector with MS1 amiRNA LIU Zhen-lin;KE Li-ping;He Hai-yan;CHEN Jin-qing;* 2010, 22(5):  552-557.  Abstract ( 2172 )   PDF (1312KB) ( 1560 )   MS1 gene is a tapetum-specific expressed gene related with male sterility in Arabidopsis thaliana. According to the coding sequences of Arabidopsis MS1 gene, a series of primers were designed to clone the homologous sequences in Brassica napus. PCR-Walking method was used to clone the full sequence of BnaX.MS1.a gene of Brassica napus. The total length of BnaX.MS1.a gene cloned here was 3 424 bp. The MS1 from Brassica napus shared a similarity of 89.5% in encoding sequence and 60.3% in full sequence with that from Arabidopsis thaliana. According to the results, it was deduced that it had an open reading frame (ORF) of 2 004 bp, encoding a protein of 667 amino acid, with protein molecular weight of 26 kD and isoelectric point of 8.01. The similarity between MS1 gene from Brassica napus and that from Arabidopsis thaliana was 93% in amino acid sequence. A plant expressed vector with the artificial miRNA was constructed for further studies on male sterility of Brassica napus. Related Articles | Metrics

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Identification of AFLP markers linked to TYLCVD-resistance gene in tomato YAO Jin-xiao;YANG Yue-jian;*;YE Qing-jing;WANG Rong-qing;RUAN Mei-ying;ZHOU Guo-zhi;YAO Zhu-ping 2010, 22(5):  558-563.  Abstract ( 1597 )   PDF (1418KB) ( 1514 )   F1 and F2 progeny of cross combination with TYLCVD-resistant tomato material T0727 and susceptible material T9179 were inoculated. With 64 EcoRⅠ/MseⅠ primer combinations, AFLP analysis was performed on two parents, their F1 and F2 resistant and susceptible bulks. A total of about 4 023 distinguishable bands were amplified, three of which were stable. Genetic linkage analysis of the three polymorphic DNA fragments with the resistance genes was tested in the F2 segregating population derived from the cross with T0727 and T9179. The DNA fragment E-ACC/M-CAG was found to be closely linked to one of the TYLCVD-resistant genes, with a genetic distance of 9.5 cM, which was tentatively named Afty-196. The cloned fragment E-ACC/M-CAG was sequenced and then successfully converted to a SCAR marker, which can be used in marker-assisted selection for tomato resistant to tomato yellow leaf curl virus disease． Related Articles | Metrics

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Molecular cloning, characterization and expression of a novel DREB transcript factor GhDREB2B in cotton LI Fu-zhen;*;QIU Xin-mian;LIU Chuan-liang;* 2010, 22(5):  564-569.  Abstract ( 1912 )   PDF (1427KB) ( 1355 )   Cotton is an important crop in the reclamation of saline and alkaline land. In this study, a novel DREB (dehydration responsive element binding) transcript factor named GhDREB2B (GenBank accession No.GQ848094) was cloned from the upland cotton (Zhongmiansuo 49) by RT-PCR method based on the information of screening the cotton fiber EST (express sequence tag) database and contig the candidate ESTs under salt treatment. The full length of GhDREB2B encoded a polypeptide of 351 amino acid residues with a predicted molecular weight of 39 kD. The deduced amino acid sequences had the homology with the members of DREB family in plant kingdom: populus, soybean and Arabidopsis thaliana, etc. They shared the conserved domain of AP2/ERF in the deduced protein. This gene was predicted as a novel DREB factor in tetreploid cotton. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR analysis revealed that the higher expression levels of GhDREB2B gene were detected under salt treatment and its expression level was high under 0.7% NaCl treatment; however, its expression was not affected by the plant hormone of ABA (abscisic acid). These results indicated that GhDREB2B gene plays an important role under salt tolerance and gives us the clues of using the factor in cotton by transgenic method． Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of different electrophoresis and sequence characteristics of RAPD amplification products of loquat ZHANG Xiao-ying;QIAN Jian-lin;WANG Hua-kun;SONG Chang-nian;ZHANG Yan-ping;FANG Jing-gui 2010, 22(5):  570-575.  Abstract ( 1741 )   PDF (1263KB) ( 1358 )   In order to utilize RAPD technology in identification of loquat cultivars and genetic analysis, the RAPD fingerprints of 16 loquat cultivars from agarose and polyacrylamide gel electrophoreses were compared, which were carried out with latest optimization of RAPD technique in choosing 11 nt primers and strict screening PCR annealing temperature. The results showed that more bands and more polymorphic bands could be detected by the polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) than the agarose gel electrophoresis. Two polygenetic trees derived from the fingerprint data collected from two electrophoreses were constructed, showing that the result from PAGE electrophoresis was more consistent with the regular classification of these loquat cultivars by phenotypic traits. The results of cloning and sequencing of 38 PCR amplified fragments showed that 37 fragments were RAPD amplified products generated by the corresponding primers, among which 6 sequences were segments of protein-encoding genes, suggesting RAPD could amplify both protein-encoding and non-protein-encoding gene sequences, and could reveal the genetic variability of different loquat cultivars. Related Articles | Metrics

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Breeding for variation materials of solanaceous vegetables by space mutation WANG Shi-heng;ZHENG Ji-rong;ZHANG Ya;CHAI Wei-guo 2010, 22(5):  603-608.  Abstract ( 923 )   PDF (1551KB) ( 1443 )   Variations in the aromatic materials SP1 to SP4 generation of eggplant, pepper and tomato were investigated. The results showed that variations in the aromatic materials occurred in SP2 generation, and the variation frequency was approximately 0.5% in general. Selective breeding for variation materials of solanaceous vegetables by space mutation was presented. The amount of spaceflight seeds should be not less than 500. Single plant of SP1 generation was numbered and the seeds were reserved. All individuals from SP1 generation should be kept and the population should be not less than 1 000 when SP2 generation was planted. Selective breeding for SP2 generation should be underlined. Only seeds of variants of SP2 generation were reserved, and the selected variants were numbered and the seeds were reserved. The selected SP2 generation materials were planted and formed line pool of SP3 generation. The valuable variant seeds of SP3 generation and subsequent generations were reserved. More than 30 plants from every line of next generation were planted until stable elite variation materials were selected out. Related Articles | Metrics

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Culture of Hu-sheep spermatogonial stem cells in vitro CHEN Xiao-yu;ZHU Zhi-wei;YU Fu-xian;SONG Xue-mei;PAN Jian-zhi* 2010, 22(5):  580-584.  Abstract ( 1303 )   PDF (1175KB) ( 1461 )   To develop a series of practical culture methods of Hu-sheep spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) in vitro for future studies on transgenesis, seminiferous tubule cells were isolated through a two step enzyme digestion from dissociated testis, and the cell suspension was classified by percoll gradient. The effects of different purification methods, FCS and GDNF on SSCs culture in vitro and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) staining were investigated. The results were as follows: (1) The time of colonies formation and colonies numbers from panning method were significantly lower than that from differential plating (P<0.05), in contrast, AKP positive rates from panning method significantly increased (P<0.05). (2) The colonies formation time, numbers and AKP positive rates significantly increased when the medium supplemented with 0.5% BSA and 1% FCS (P<0.05), however, there were no significant difference in the colonies formation time and AKP positive rates between 1% and 5% FCS (P>0.05). (3) The colonies number and AKP positive rates were significantly higher under 20 ng/mL GDNF than that under 20 ng/mL GDNF (P<0.05), but there were no significant difference in colonies formation time and AKP positive rates between 20 ng/mL GDNF and 30-40 ng/mL GDNF (P>0.05)． Related Articles | Metrics

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Expression pattern and immunogenicity analysis of Avain infectious bronchitis virus S1 gene in Pichia pastoris yeast QI Li-hong;AI Wu;HUANG Bing;LIU Tao;QIN Zhuo-ming;SONG Min-xun* 2010, 22(5):  585-589.  Abstract ( 1464 )   PDF (1298KB) ( 1302 )   The purified S1 gene fragment of the prevailing Avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), from LC2 strain isolated from Shandong Province, was inserted into the eukaryotic expression plasmid pPIC9K. The recombination yeast pPIC9K-S1-GS115 was constructed, and was identified by MD/MM plates,G418 and PCR. The expression induced by pPIC9K-S1-GS115 with 0.5% methanol was identified by SDS-PAGE and Western blot, which was specific with the reference IBV serum. Further more, SPF chickens could be detected positive after being immunized by the expression and recombination yeast. The results suggested that recombinant expression vector was successfully constructed, and the protein was successfully expressed against IBV, which would play an important role in IBV diagnose and vaccine． Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of agronomic characters in American BSSS maize populations QIU Hong-bo;NIU Su-zhen;*;ZHAO Li-hui;JIANG Wei 2010, 22(5):  609-612.  Abstract ( 1071 )   PDF (1664KB) ( 1482 )   The relation between plant height, ear height, stamen length, stem diameter, leaf number above the ear and grain weight in 150 individuals of American BSSS maize populations was analyzed. Inbred lines 478 was used as a control line, individuals with each character superior to control line were found out and among them individuals with higher grain weight than the control accounted for 78.27%. There were 18 individuals whose all characters were superior to control line. The direct effect of ear height on yield per plant was greater positive effect. The indirect effect of ear height on yield per plant was greater positive effect. The effect of stamen length on yield per plant was negative effect. The results indicated that it was a potential way to get a progeny with high yield though self-bred of individuals with appropriate higher ear and appropriate shorter stamen. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of dietary small peptides on growth and non-specific immunity of Penaeus vannamei larvae LIN Qi-cun;FANG Chang-fu;*;ZHONG Guo-fang;FENG Yan;ZHU Bi-ying 2010, 22(5):  590-595.  Abstract ( 1913 )   PDF (1116KB) ( 1334 )   The present study was conducted to determine the effect of small peptides on growth performance and non-specific immune of Penaeus vannamei. Four isonitrogenous and isoenergetic experimental diets were formulated. Diet containing no small peptides served as the control diet. The other three trial diets was added 1%, 2%, 3% small peptides respectively. After 60 d-feeding, growth rate, serum antibacterial activity, lysozyme activity and phenol oxidase(PO) activity were measured, a challenge test was conducted with Vibrio harveyi. The results showed that there was significant difference in length gain, weight gain, feed coefficient and survival rate (P<0.05) of Penaeus vannamei among the control group and the treatments. The length gain of 1%, 2% and 3% trial group was 17.74%, 27.75% and 17.46% higher than that of the control, respectively. The weight gain of shrimp was 12.15%, 31.16% and 19.01% higher than that of the control, respectively. The feed coefficient was 21.57%, 33.99% and 25.49% lower than that of the control, respectively. The survival rate was 12.23%, 18.89% and 8.89% higher than that of the control, respectively. Small peptides significantly enhanced(P<0.05)non-specific immune activity of Penaeus vannamei. The antibacterial activity of 1%, 2% and 3% trial group were 21.05%, 42.10% and 10.53% higher than that of the control, respectively. The lysozyme activity were 16.54%, 24.56% and 15.54%, PO activity were 25.70%, 41.90% and 24.02% higher than that of the control, respectively. The results of Vibrio harveyi challenge showed that cumulative mortality of the control in the five days was 96.7% and higher than that of the trial groups. It was concluded that the upper limit of small peptides for optimal growth performance and non-specific immune function in Penaeus vannamei feed was about 2%． Related Articles | Metrics

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Isolation and RT-PCR identification of a new-type Duck hepatitis virus MA Xiu-li;ZHAO Li-na;XIA Xue-mei;WU Jing;LIN Shu-qian;JIANG Yi-fei 2010, 22(5):  596-598.  Abstract ( 1823 )   PDF (1134KB) ( 1398 )   One stain of Duck hepatitis virus was isolated from Shandong Province and named as JFX08. The results of serum neutralization test showed that there was no cross-protection occurred in strain JFX08 and Duck hepatitis virus typeⅠ(DHV-Ⅰ). Clinical symptom and pathological lesion could be reproduced in 3-day ducklings challenged by the isolated strain. A pair of primers was designed and synthesized according to the sequence of DHV and a reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction method was developed for strain JFX08. The identity analysis of nucleotide sequence between strain JFX08 and N-DHV from Korean (genotype C) showed the similarity was 93.2%-94.0%. However, the nucleotide sequence identity between strain JFX08 and DHV-Ⅰ was much lower. Phylogenetic and evolutionary analysis showed that the genetic distance between the isolated strain JFX08 and N-DHV from Korean was the nearest, indicating JFX08 belonged to genotype C, which was a different branch from genotype A and B． Related Articles | Metrics

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Correlation between ethanol yield and quality traits of sweetpotato SUN Jian;ZHANG Cui-ying;YUE Rui-xue;LI Hong-min;ZHANG Ai-jun 2010, 22(5):  613-617.  Abstract ( 1534 )   PDF (1054KB) ( 1328 )   Eleven fresh sweetpotato varieties and fourteen sweetpotato powder varieties were selected to study the relationship between the quality traits like dry matter, starch, protein, soluble sugar, reduced sugar content and ethanol yield with correlation analysis methods. The results showed that difference of ethanol yield was significant among sweetpotato varieties, ethanol yield showed significantly positive correlation with dry matter content(P<0.01), starch content(P<0.05) and protein content(P<0.05) of fresh sweetpotato, and the correlation between ethanol yield and quality traits of sweetpotato powder was not significant. The regression equation between ethanol yield and fresh sweetpotato quality traits was established as follows: Y=2.086+0.162X1+1.064X2+0.248X3 (P<0.05)(Y-ethanol yield, X1-starch, X2-protein, X3-reduced sugar). The regression equation between ethanol yield and quality traits of sweetpotato powder was not significant． Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of NaCl stress on seed germination of Brassica napus LIN Bao-gang;ZHANG Yao-feng;YU Hua-sheng;DING Hou-dong;ZHANG Dong-qing* 2010, 22(5):  624-627.  Abstract ( 1316 )   PDF (1036KB) ( 1560 )   Effects of NaCl stress on the seed germination of 10 rapeseed lines were studied according to such salt tolerance indexes as seed germination index, the relative root length and seedling height. The results showed that when the NaCl concentration was 0.4%, the seedling growth was promoted and the seed germination index and the relative root length were not significantly inhibited for most lines. When the NaCl concentration was 0.6%, relative root length was significantly inhibited, but the other indexes were not significantly inhibited. When the NaCl concentration was 0.8%, relative root length and seedling height were significantly inhibited, but the germination index was not significantly inhibited. When the NaCl concentration was 1.0%, seeds of some lines could also germinate, but the germination index was significantly inhibited and the root and seedling could not grow. In conclusion, S82 and ZhiB14 showed the highest salt tolerance while the salt tolerance of Zm50×［9603×Zhe 758］ was the lowest according to the results of three salt tolerance indexes． Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis on the main environmental factors in early rice field under mulching of non-woven fabric and plastic film ZHANG Yu-ping;ZHU De-feng;*;ZHOU Bao-yin;MAO Guo-juan;LIN Xian-qing;CHEN Hui-zhe 2010, 22(5):  618-623.  Abstract ( 1336 )   PDF (1100KB) ( 1316 )   A field comparison experiment was conducted to analyze the effects of different mulching materials as non-woven fabric and plastic film on the main meteological factors including temperature,light intensity and humidity, meanwhile, the relationship between rice seedling quality and the changes of main meteological factors under mulching was investigated. Three early rice varieties were selected and cultivated under non-woven fabric and plastic film for three years in order to measure the temperature, light intensity and humidity and determine the seedling quality as well. The results showed that the thermal insulation performance and permeability of non-woven fabric was good, so the temperature changed little under mulching. The highest temperature under non-woven fabric mulching was 21.9 ℃ lower than that under plastic film mulching, thus there was little seedling sunburn occurred under non-woven fabric mulching. The relative air humidity under non-woven fabric mulching was 11.7 % lower than that under plastic film on average, and the maximum value of relative air humidity was 25.7% lower. The changes of light intensity indicated as atmosphere>plastic film>non-woven fabric, and the light intensity in sunny days was 70% and 63% of atmospheric light under plastic film and non\|woven fabric, respectively. Compared with the mulching of plastic film, the seedling rate was higher, and the root dry weight increased by 16.7%-38.8% and the dry weight of aerial parts increased by 10.2%-21.1%, furthermore, the occurrence of disease was quite lower under non-woven fabric mulching. The relative advantages of non-woven fabric mulching techniques were identified, and the problems needing attention in use of non-woven fabric mulching were also discussed． Related Articles | Metrics

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Graphical representation of protein sequence and similarity analysis QIANG Jing;HE Ping-an 2010, 22(5):  673-677.  Abstract ( 920 )   PDF (1474KB) ( 1263 )   Based on three physical and chemical properties of twenty kinds of amino acids, a three-dimensional graphical representation of protein sequences was proposed in order to compare the similarity of protein sequences. Furthermore, the graphical representation curve was characterized by the mathematical descriptor. Then, the similarity analysis based on the mathematical descriptors of protein sequences was given for the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase protein sequences of nine different species． Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of fertilization on photosynthesis and yield of cucumber in whole growth period DING Xiao-tao;JIN Hai-jun;ZHANG Hong-mei;YU Ji-zhu* 2010, 22(5):  634-638.  Abstract ( 1198 )   PDF (1639KB) ( 1457 )   The response of cucumber to different fertilization methods in whole growth period was studied. The results indicated that the yield of cucumber was the highest with application of higher level of organic fertilizer and some organic-inorganic compound fertilizer, meanwhile, the soil structure was improved, the soil organic matter content and available nutrients of N, P, K content increased, and soil salinity and EC values decreased. Treatment of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer alone showed higher yield in the early stage of harvest, but lower in the latter stage, with lower soil organic matter content and higher soil salinity. The net photosynthetic rate in the different periods of cucumber with different treatments showed similar trends to the yield. In conclusion, the net photosynthetic rate could be used as a probe to inspect the effect of plant fertilization. With the gradual aging of cucumber, stomatal limitation could be the main reason for the photosynthesis reduction． Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of high temperature stress on growth and activities of antioxidant enzymes in leaves of Salvia splendens FU Qiao-juan;WANG Bing-liang;CHEN Yi;WANG Xiao-yan 2010, 22(5):  628-633.  Abstract ( 1423 )   PDF (1103KB) ( 1266 )   In order to understand the effects of high temperature stress and different sowing periods on growth and development of Salvia splendens,three cultivars were employed. Flowering and some morphological indexes,activities of peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) in leaves were examined. The results showed that there was less effect on the growth period of Salvia splendens at different sowing time from April 10th to May 25th, but greater impacts on the plant growth rate,flowering rate,survival rate and other morphological indexes were observed, which could be used as indicators for evaluating the heat-resistance of Salvia splendens. There was a certain relationship between the activity of POD and the heat-resistance of Salvia splendens. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of environment on grain characters related with malting quality of barley LU Chao;ZHANG Xin-zhong;JIN Neng;HE Shui-hua;HUANG Zu-liu;XU Ru-gen* 2010, 22(5):  644-647.  Abstract ( 1523 )   PDF (1011KB) ( 1303 )   In order to understand the effects of environment on grain characters related with malting quality, including grain length, width, thickness, 1 000-grain weight and grain protein content were evaluated among 10 barley varieties which grown in 6 locations. The differences in varieties and locations and the correlation coefficients among five grain characters were studied. The results showed that the differences in grain length, width, thickness and 1 000-grain weight were highly significant among varieties and trial locations. The difference in protein content was highly significant among trial locations, while it was not significant among varieties. Related Articles | Metrics

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Design and implementation of the forest-fire monitor and localization system based on ArcEngine ZHANG Yu;CONG Jing-hua;SHEN Ming-xia;*;XU Shui-yan;LIU Long-shen 2010, 22(5):  678-682.  Abstract ( 1299 )   PDF (1794KB) ( 1472 )   The effective forest fire monitor and localization system is one way of preventing and reducing forest fire. Based on the secondary development components, ArcEngine and Geodatabase, the function of fire monitor and fire localization was completed in this system. The functions of monitor site selection, fire localization by one monitor, coordinated control between the digital cradle head and the 3-D map and aided analysis were implemented in this system. The stability and the basic functions of the system were tested in the Bailang Forestry Center in Inner Mongolia. The system showed stable operation performances, and could realize the expected functions. Related Articles | Metrics

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Progress in plant phenolic compounds WANG Ling-ping;ZHOU Sheng-mao;*;DAI Dan-li;CAO Jia-shu 2010, 22(5):  696-701.  Abstract ( 1746 )   PDF (1077KB) ( 4122 )   Phenolic compounds are the most important group of secondary metabolites widely distributed in plants, playing important roles in diverse physiological processes such as plant quality, coloring, flavor and stress resistance. The natural antioxidant activities of phenolic compounds become a hot spot in terms of research and utilization at present. In this review, the structural characterization, distribution, composition and diverse functions of phenolic compounds in plants and human bodies were summarized, and the preparation methods and progress in phenolic compounds biosynthesis genes and their regulation modes were concluded as well in order to elucidate the physiological, nutritional and antioxidant functions of different phenolic compounds in plants and human． Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparison of spatial interpolation for soil organic matter of hilly area in Southern China YU Xiao-mei;LU Xiao-nan;*;WANG Mei-qin;REN Zhou-qiao;MA Wan-zhu;CHEN Xiao-jia;DENG Xun-fei 2010, 22(5):  639-643.  Abstract ( 1528 )   PDF (1225KB) ( 1492 )   Qujiang, a typical hilly area in Southern China, was selected to analyze the spatial interpolation for soil organic matter. In the experiment, two spatial interpolation methods, ordinary Kriging (OK) and inverse distance weighted (IDW), were applied. The results showed that IDW was better than OK in the same data processing condition. Under one interpolation method, the comparison among 3 conditions including classifications according to terrain and physiognomy, farmland use type and non\|classification showed that the classification of farmland use type was superior to the classification of terrain and physiognomy, and both of them were much better than the non\|classification． Related Articles | Metrics

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Control effect of seed dressing with raxil and bayleton on stripe disease of barley LIU Meng-dao;ZENG Ya-wen;ZHAO Jia-tao;ZI Shang-yong 2010, 22(5):  666-668.  Abstract ( 1034 )   PDF (1007KB) ( 1544 )   Control effect of seed dressing with 6% raxil FS and 15% bayleton WP on stripe disease of barley cv. Yundamai No.2 were investigated with three different concentrations, the results showed as follows: The treatment of seed dressing with 6% raxil FS showed good preventive effect on barley stripe at the concentration of 0.25-0.5 mL per kilogram seeds, meanwhile, there was no effect on germination and seedling growth. The treatment of seed dressing with 15% bayleton WP also showed good preventive effect on barley stripe, but it showed certain inhibitory effect on germination and seedling growth, so it should be carefully utilized in production． Related Articles | Metrics

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Suitability evaluation to planting area of Curcuma wenyujin based on GIS WU Zhi-gang;PAN Yong-di;ZHANG Jian;TAO Zheng-ming;*;LENG Chun-hong 2010, 22(5):  648-652.  Abstract ( 1236 )   PDF (1214KB) ( 1490 )   To provide a scientific basis for introduction culture of Curcuma wenyujin, the GIS was used to analyze the adaptive planting area based on the optimum ecological factors of Curcuma wenyujin according to the theory of organism introduction. The results showed there were wide adaptive planting areas in Wenzhou Region, the best adaptive planting areas accounted for 61.93% of the total region area, the proportion of adaptive planting areas was 24.93%,while the proportion of ordinary adaptive planting areas was 10.61%. The centre zone of adaptive planting areas was made up by five places including Ruian,Ouhai,Rongwan, Lucheng,Yongjia. The results obtained by GIS analysis were corresponding to the records in ancient and modern literature,which was conformed to the practical work of planting extension during recent years. Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparison for activities of detoxifying enzymes in resistant- and susceptible-imidacloprid endosymbiotic strains of rice brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens Stal LI Na;CHEN Jian-ming;*;ZHANG Jue-feng;HE Yue-ping;CHEN Lie-zhong 2010, 22(5):  653-659.  Abstract ( 1117 )   PDF (1093KB) ( 1386 )   Activities of detoxifying enzymes in resistant- and susceptible-imidacloprid endusymbiotic strains of rice brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens were compared. The results showed that resistant- and susceptible-imidacloprid strains had significant difference in activities of detoxifying enzymes, in which, activities of carboxylesterase, mixed function oxidase in resistant-imidacloprid strains were significantly higher than those in susceptible-imidacloprid strains, while activity of glutathione-S-transferase showed no obvious difference between resistant-and susceptible-imidacloprid strains. It was suggested that resistant increasing of N. lugens symbiotes to imidacloprid was related to enhencement of carboxylesterase, mixed function oxidase activities． Related Articles | Metrics

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Symptom of broccoli brown stem disease and identification of its pathogen WANG Han-rong;WANG Lian-ping;Fang Li;LI Wei-long;SU Ying-jing;Zhao Jian-yang 2010, 22(5):  660-665.  Abstract ( 1296 )   PDF (1295KB) ( 1343 )   Broccoli brown stem, a new disease, was widespread in Zhejiang Province in recent years. To understand and control the disease, lots of model symptom samples were collected to separate and culture. The results indicated that the pathogen, as an obligate parasite, depended on the host plants and could not be cultured in vitro. In microscope, the sporangiophores of pathogen tapered on the tips with a shape like letter “Y”, the sporangiums of which were oval or eggs, (24-27) μｍ×(15-20) μｍ, then the oospores with thick wall were roundness with snuff color. When inoculated some mycelium from sick tissues on the surface, the symptoms same as in fields appeared on healthy broccoli leaves and stems. On the other hand, rDNA ITS (Internal Transcribed Spacers) of pathogens were cloned and sequenced, and its similarity to Hyaloperonospora parasitica was more than 95%. Combining the molecular results with the morphological characters, it can be definitely certain that broccoli brown stem was caused by Hyaloperonospora parasitic. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis between primary chemical components of flue-cured tobacco and their smoking quality in Chongqing Area YU Jian-jun;YAN Ding;YE Xian-wen;MA Yun-ming;WEI Pan-pan;LIU Qian 2010, 22(5):  669-672.  Abstract ( 1450 )   PDF (1016KB) ( 1521 )   The primary chemical components of flue-cured tobacco in Qianjiang, Xioushan, Pengshui, Fengdu, Nanchuan, Shizhu, Fuling, Wuxi of Chongqing Area was determined, and factor analysis was carried out on primary chemical components, in addition, regression analysis was carried out between primary chemical components and smoking quality. Four main factors were selected from 10 primary chemical components and derivative components, which were carbon nitrogen factor, potassium ion factor, chloride ion factor and starch factor. Accumulative contribution rate of 4 main factors was 89.765%, among which carbon nitrogen factor accounted for 41.80% of original variable total variance, and was significantly higher than other three factors, which indicated that carbon nitrogen factor played the most important role in primary chemical components and showed the greatest impact on tobacco quality. The regression analysis between chemical components and smoking quality showed that starch, sugar alkali rate, reducing sugar and total sugar were main factors that affected smoking quality. Reducing sugar was positively correlated with smoking quality, and total sugar, sugar alkali rate, starch were negatively correlated with smoking quality. Potassium ion, chlorine ion and potassium chlorine rate insignificantly affected smoking quality． Related Articles | Metrics

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The status and trend of the international and domestic barley production technology in 2009-2010 YANG Jian-ming;LIN Feng;SHANG Yi;ZHU Jing-huan;WANG Jun-mei;JIA Qiao-jun;HUA Wei 2010, 22(5):  683-688.  Abstract ( 1644 )   PDF (1208KB) ( 1807 )   This paper summarized the status of the international and domestic production and trade of barley in 2009, and analyzed the research development of the international and domestic barley production technology. Characteristics and problems of domestic barley industry were proposed and tendency of it in 2010 was predicted. The planting area and yield of barley in China was 1.4×106 hm2 and 5.5×106 t respectively in 2009. Four awards were made at the provincial level, three cultivars had gained the Variety Right and eight patents had been announced in domestic barley. The major problems existed in barley industry of China were inefficiency of barley breeding, backwardness in production and planting techniques, shortage of process technology for food and feed, and disorder in the link of commodity circulation. It was suggested that the government should pay more attention to barley industry and support barley production in fiscal policy and the cooperation relationship between research, production and process should be constructed. High\|quality and specialized barley breeding and culture and process technology will improve the development of domestic barley industry． Related Articles | Metrics

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Consideration on the development of agricultural informatization in Zhejiang Province DONG Yue-yong;ZHU Ying;TAO Zhong-liang 2010, 22(5):  689-695.  Abstract ( 1491 )   PDF (1045KB) ( 1915 )   Agricultural modernization could not develop well without agricultural informatization; meanwhile, agricultural informatization was the development power and important sign of modern agriculture. At present, Chinese agriculture was changing from traditional agriculture to modern agriculture, and service for “Agriculture, Rural Areas and Farmers” was the main content in the development of agricultural informatization. The development status and strategy of agricultural informatization at home and abroad, as well as in Zhejiang Province was reviewed. Moreover, the next measures for promoting the level of agricultural informatization were proposed according to the regional characteristics of Zhejiang Province. Related Articles | Metrics

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Advances in research and development of phage and phage-encoding lysins LIU Wei;WANG Xue-qin;DONG Shi-lei;ZHU Li-ying;WANG Xin;* 2010, 22(5):  702-708.  Abstract ( 1497 )   PDF (1233KB) ( 2219 )   With the widespread resistance to antibiotics among pathogenic bacteria, it is particularly urgent to develop new antibiotic alternatives. Extensive studies have shown that phage and phage-encoded lytic enzymes (virolysins) were two of the most promising alternative antibacterials for the treatment and prophylaxis of bacterial infections. This review was focused on the recent advance of research and development and related applications in phage and lysins． Related Articles | Metrics