浙江农业学报

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两种包膜控释尿素对水稻产量和土壤理化性质的影响

  

  1. (1 温州科技职业学院 园林系,浙江 温州 325006;2绍兴市农业技术推广总站,浙江 绍兴 312000;3 浙江环科环境咨询有限公司,浙江 杭州 310007;4 教育部环境修复与生态健康重点实验室,浙江大学 环境与资源学院,浙江 杭州310058;5 浙江省亚热带土壤与植物营养重点实验室,浙江大学 环境与资源学院,浙江 杭州 310058;6 杭州市萧山区农业局,浙江 萧山 311201)
  • 出版日期:2015-07-25 发布日期:2015-08-03

Effects of two kinds of controlled\|release coated urea on rice grain yield and soil properties#br#

  1. (1 Department of Landscape, Wenzhou Vocational College of Science and Technology, Wenzhou 325006, China; 2 Agricultural Extension Station of Shaoxing City, Shaoxing 312000, China; 3 Zhejiang Environment Science and Environment Consulting Co., Ltd, Hangzhou 310007, China; 4 Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; 5 Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Subtropical Soil and Plant Nutrition, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; 6 Agricultural Bureau of Xiaoshan, Xiao\|
    shan 311201, China)
  • Online:2015-07-25 Published:2015-08-03

摘要: 为探明控释尿素对水稻的增产效果,以普通尿素(PU)为对照,选择释放期均为90 d的硫黄加树脂双层包膜尿素(SPCU)和树脂包膜尿素(PCU)为试验材料,通过6年田间定位试验(2008—2013)研究了全氮量和70%施氮量条件下两种包膜控释尿素对水稻产量、氮肥利用率及土壤理化性质的影响。结果表明,两种包膜控释尿素处理对水稻的增产效果均优于普通尿素,特别是两种控释尿素在70%施氮量下的水稻产量均显著高于普通尿素全氮施肥量处理,说明控释尿素有明显的增产节肥效果。等氮量条件下,包膜尿素较普通尿素能显著增加水稻有效穗数和每穗实粒数。在全氮量条件下,连续6年施用SPCU的土壤有效硫含量较树脂包膜尿素和普通尿素处理显著增加了705%和516%。综上,不同施氮水平下控释尿素的氮肥利用率普遍高于普通尿素。PCU与SPCU相比,PCU的氮肥利用率更高,也更利于提高水稻产量,且SPCU长期施用可能会导致土壤硫积累,因而PCU更值得推广。

关键词: 控释尿素, 水稻, 产量, 氮肥利用率,

Abstract: In order to clarify the effects of controlled\|release fertilizer on rice, prilled urea was adopted as control reagents, and sulfur\|polyester resin\|coated urea (SPCU), polyester resin coated urea (PCU) were chosen to explore their effects on nitrogen use efficiency as well as soil physicochemical properties via a long term field experiment from 2008 to 2013. It was shown that coated urea improved rice grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency significantly compared to PU in conventional fertilizer application amount. When N application amount was reduced to 70% of the conventional fertilization, coated urea treatments still exhibited higher yield compared to PU with conventional application amount, which indicated that coated urea could increase grain yield while reduce N input. Under the same N application rate, coated urea significantly improved rice fertile panicle and filled grain numbers. After 6 years of continuous experiment, under conventional N application amount, soil effective sulfur content with SPCU was 705% and 516% higher than that with PCU and PU, respectively. In conclusion, nitrogen use efficiency of controlled\|release fertilizer was higher than prilled urea. Between the two kinds of controlled\|release fertilizer, PCU was more effective to increase N use efficiency and yield than SPCU. Considering the sulfur accumulation caused by SPCU, PCU was the better choice for long term application.

Key words: controlled\, release coated urea, rice, yield, nitrogen use efficiency, sulfur