基于枝条和叶片表型性状的掌叶覆盆子种质资源多样性研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2021.09.10

浙江农业学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (9): 1660-1667.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2021.09.10

基于枝条和叶片表型性状的掌叶覆盆子种质资源多样性研究

何庆海¹(), 刘本同¹, 周政德², 方茹¹, 杨少宗¹^,^*()

1.浙江省林业科学研究院,浙江杭州 310023
2.武义县三和林木种植场,浙江武义 321202

收稿日期:2020-08-17 出版日期:2021-09-25 发布日期:2021-10-09
作者简介:* 杨少宗,E-mail: yangsz863@163.com
何庆海(1994—),男,安徽肥东人,硕士,主要从事选择育种与栽培工作。E-mail: 1464333629@qq.com
通讯作者: 杨少宗
基金资助:
中央财政林业科技推广示范基金(〔2019〕TS 01号)

Diversity of Rubus chingii germplasm resources based on twig and leaf phenotypic traits

HE Qinghai¹(), LIU Bentong¹, ZHOU Zhengde², FANG Ru¹, YANG Shaozong¹^,^*()

1. Zhejiang Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 310023, China
2. Wuyi Sanhe Tree Plantation, Wuyi 321202, China

Received:2020-08-17 Online:2021-09-25 Published:2021-10-09
Contact: YANG Shaozong

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为明确掌叶覆盆子(Rubus chingii H.H. Hu)不同优选种质间枝条和叶片表型性状的变异程度和变异规律,采用方差分析、主成分分析和聚类分析等方法,对20个优选种质枝条和叶片的10个表型性状的变异进行分析,并对聚类分组表型进行评价。研究结果表明,掌叶覆盆子枝条和叶片表型性状变异丰富,变异系数幅度为10.22%~46.63%,平均变异系数为22.02%;不同种质间变异差别明显,RC17平均变异系数最大(18.79%),RC01平均变异系数最小(11.27%)。主成分分析表明,前3个主成分累计贡献率为79.04%,第1主成分贡献率为42.61%;聚类分析结果将20份掌叶覆盆子种质分为3大类,其中第Ⅰ类包括10份,第Ⅱ类包括9份,第Ⅲ类包括1份。Ⅰ类与Ⅱ类组间叶脉角和叶裂数存在显著差异(P<0.05);Ⅰ类与Ⅲ类组间地径、叶片长、叶片宽、叶柄长、叶裂宽和叶脉角存在显著差异(P<0.05);Ⅱ类与Ⅲ类组间地径、叶片长、叶片宽、叶柄长、叶裂宽和叶裂数存在显著差异(P<0.05)。探讨优选种质枝条和叶片表型性状多样性,将为掌叶覆盆子资源保存及构建核心种质提供数据基础以及新品种选育和高效利用提供参考。

关键词: 掌叶覆盆子, 表型性状, 种质资源, 聚类分析

Abstract:

To determine the variation degree and law of twig and leaf phenotypic traits in different elite germplasm of Rubus chingii, the phenotypic variations of 10 twig and leaf phenotypic traits of 20 selected accessions were analyzed by variance analysis, principal component analysis and cluster analysis, and the cluster grouping phenotypes were evaluated. The results showed that the phenotypic traits of Rubus chingii varied widely, the coefficient of variation ranged from 10.22% to 46.63%, and the average coefficient of variation was 22.02%. The average coefficient of variation of RC17 and RC01 were 18.79% and 11.27% respectively. Principal component analysis showed that the cumulative contribution rate of the first three principal components was 79.04%, and that of the first principal component was 42.61%.The 20 germplasms of Rubus chingii were divided into 3 groups, including 10 in clusterⅠ, 9 in cluster Ⅱ and 1 in cluster Ⅲ. There were significant (P<0.05) differences in leaf vein angle and lobed number between cluster Ⅰ and cluster Ⅱ. The differences of ground diameter, leaf length, leaf width, petiole length, leaf fissure width and leaf vein angle between cluster Ⅰ and cluster Ⅲ were also significant (P<0.05). The significant (P<0.05) difference was also observed in ground diameter, leaf length, leaf width, petiole length, width of leaf lobes and number of leaf lobes between cluster Ⅱ and cluster Ⅲ. It was concluded that this study would not only provide data basis for resource conservation and core collection construction, but also provide reference for description and efficient utilization of new variety breeding.

Key words: Rubus chingii H.H.Hu, phenotypic traits, germplasm resources, cluster analysis

中图分类号:

S668.9

何庆海, 刘本同, 周政德, 方茹, 杨少宗. 基于枝条和叶片表型性状的掌叶覆盆子种质资源多样性研究[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2021, 33(9): 1660-1667.

HE Qinghai, LIU Bentong, ZHOU Zhengde, FANG Ru, YANG Shaozong. Diversity of Rubus chingii germplasm resources based on twig and leaf phenotypic traits[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2021, 33(9): 1660-1667.

图/表 6

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性状 Characters	平均值 Average	标准差 Standard deviation	极差 Range	最小值 Minimum	最大值 Maximum	变异系数 Coefficient of variation/%
株高Plant height/m	1.83	0.28	1.25	1.25	2.50	15.48
地径 Ground diameter/mm	16.47	2.85	14.30	8.70	23.00	17.32
冠幅 Crown breadth/m	1.37	0.35	1.60	0.60	2.20	25.59
分枝数 Branching number	3.06	1.43	6.00	1.00	7.00	46.63
叶片长Leaf length/cm	11.09	1.79	9.32	7.35	16.67	16.17
叶片宽 Leaf width/cm	9.76	2.06	11.30	5.54	16.84	21.15
叶柄长Petiole length/cm	3.74	0.73	4.10	1.95	6.05	19.45
叶裂宽Width of leaf lobes/cm	1.01	0.36	1.97	0.46	2.43	35.36
叶脉角Leaf vein angle/(°)	51.37	5.25	21.89	40.67	62.56	10.22
叶裂数 Number of leaf lobes	5.38	0.69	2.00	4.00	6.00	12.83

性状 Characters	平均值 Average	标准差 Standard deviation	极差 Range	最小值 Minimum	最大值 Maximum	变异系数 Coefficient of variation/%
株高Plant height/m	1.83	0.28	1.25	1.25	2.50	15.48
地径 Ground diameter/mm	16.47	2.85	14.30	8.70	23.00	17.32
冠幅 Crown breadth/m	1.37	0.35	1.60	0.60	2.20	25.59
分枝数 Branching number	3.06	1.43	6.00	1.00	7.00	46.63
叶片长Leaf length/cm	11.09	1.79	9.32	7.35	16.67	16.17
叶片宽 Leaf width/cm	9.76	2.06	11.30	5.54	16.84	21.15
叶柄长Petiole length/cm	3.74	0.73	4.10	1.95	6.05	19.45
叶裂宽Width of leaf lobes/cm	1.01	0.36	1.97	0.46	2.43	35.36
叶脉角Leaf vein angle/(°)	51.37	5.25	21.89	40.67	62.56	10.22
叶裂数 Number of leaf lobes	5.38	0.69	2.00	4.00	6.00	12.83

编号 No.	株高 Plant height	地径 Ground diameter	冠幅 Crown breadth	分枝数 Branching number	叶片长 Leaf length	叶片宽 Leaf width	叶柄长 Petiole length	叶裂宽 Width of leaf lobes	叶脉角 Leaf vein angle	叶裂数 Number of leaf lobes
RC01	8.93	7.98	24.48	34.40	5.81	8.55	9.85	7.48	5.20	0
RC02	6.77	15.57	11.15	24.85	6.50	9.27	10.77	17.03	7.63	8.18
RC03	4.34	16.02	19.23	25.91	14.13	16.77	13.96	46.93	6.24	5.31
RC04	16.12	18.82	21.13	31.62	6.63	7.00	12.06	17.05	7.09	10.90
RC05	11.37	10.56	32.32	38.03	11.06	17.24	16.39	16.71	8.51	12.99
RC06	8.74	4.18	18.12	81.31	5.13	4.40	17.41	33.05	7.92	2.26
RC07	14.44	18.38	17.56	39.49	16.91	12.08	24.76	21.82	12.57	9.91
RC08	14.52	10.68	19.93	38.03	7.71	16.76	9.98	38.08	11.88	9.30
RC09	15.06	8.86	19.93	39.53	15.75	20.34	25.05	14.94	8.77	19.37
RC10	6.76	4.96	23.96	39.12	7.09	14.38	8.19	14.08	7.15	0.00
RC11	11.90	16.13	34.05	33.33	12.93	12.94	16.15	15.14	9.66	18.69
RC12	3.89	8.90	25.49	23.57	12.51	12.17	19.21	24.07	6.57	12.57
RC13	7.28	12.66	16.13	47.51	3.11	7.17	1.46	16.57	8.46	5.08
RC14	7.89	22.76	21.63	34.23	13.38	15.76	21.63	33.85	4.77	9.91
RC15	5.54	29.06	24.09	26.31	10.64	23.30	13.14	13.11	8.43	10.65
RC16	7.47	5.28	13.56	30.62	15.98	14.29	16.50	11.58	8.31	8.44
RC17	7.60	9.74	20.22	22.82	14.79	12.59	17.90	18.82	7.76	8.60
RC18	9.10	6.46	19.93	60.11	5.04	4.30	6.20	21.13	7.62	5.36
RC19	4.87	8.23	18.92	39.12	16.55	15.41	20.47	19.59	5.23	3.99
RC20	9.41	14.29	17.12	23.57	6.31	9.09	15.92	21.35	15.92	8.44
平均值Average	9.10	12.48	20.95	36.67	10.40	12.69	14.85	21.12	8.29	8.50

编号 No.	株高 Plant height	地径 Ground diameter	冠幅 Crown breadth	分枝数 Branching number	叶片长 Leaf length	叶片宽 Leaf width	叶柄长 Petiole length	叶裂宽 Width of leaf lobes	叶脉角 Leaf vein angle	叶裂数 Number of leaf lobes
RC01	8.93	7.98	24.48	34.40	5.81	8.55	9.85	7.48	5.20	0
RC02	6.77	15.57	11.15	24.85	6.50	9.27	10.77	17.03	7.63	8.18
RC03	4.34	16.02	19.23	25.91	14.13	16.77	13.96	46.93	6.24	5.31
RC04	16.12	18.82	21.13	31.62	6.63	7.00	12.06	17.05	7.09	10.90
RC05	11.37	10.56	32.32	38.03	11.06	17.24	16.39	16.71	8.51	12.99
RC06	8.74	4.18	18.12	81.31	5.13	4.40	17.41	33.05	7.92	2.26
RC07	14.44	18.38	17.56	39.49	16.91	12.08	24.76	21.82	12.57	9.91
RC08	14.52	10.68	19.93	38.03	7.71	16.76	9.98	38.08	11.88	9.30
RC09	15.06	8.86	19.93	39.53	15.75	20.34	25.05	14.94	8.77	19.37
RC10	6.76	4.96	23.96	39.12	7.09	14.38	8.19	14.08	7.15	0.00
RC11	11.90	16.13	34.05	33.33	12.93	12.94	16.15	15.14	9.66	18.69
RC12	3.89	8.90	25.49	23.57	12.51	12.17	19.21	24.07	6.57	12.57
RC13	7.28	12.66	16.13	47.51	3.11	7.17	1.46	16.57	8.46	5.08
RC14	7.89	22.76	21.63	34.23	13.38	15.76	21.63	33.85	4.77	9.91
RC15	5.54	29.06	24.09	26.31	10.64	23.30	13.14	13.11	8.43	10.65
RC16	7.47	5.28	13.56	30.62	15.98	14.29	16.50	11.58	8.31	8.44
RC17	7.60	9.74	20.22	22.82	14.79	12.59	17.90	18.82	7.76	8.60
RC18	9.10	6.46	19.93	60.11	5.04	4.30	6.20	21.13	7.62	5.36
RC19	4.87	8.23	18.92	39.12	16.55	15.41	20.47	19.59	5.23	3.99
RC20	9.41	14.29	17.12	23.57	6.31	9.09	15.92	21.35	15.92	8.44
平均值Average	9.10	12.48	20.95	36.67	10.40	12.69	14.85	21.12	8.29	8.50

性状 Characters	主成分载荷矩阵Principal component load matrix			主成分特征向量Principal component eigenvector
性状 Characters	1	2	3	1	2	3
株高Plant hight	0.24	0.59	0.56	0.06	0.29	0.35
地径 Ground diameter	0.71	0.31	-0.06	0.17	0.15	-0.04
冠幅 Crown breadth	0.38	0.64	-0.50	0.09	0.31	-0.31
分枝数 Branching number	0.24	0.77	-0.31	0.06	0.37	-0.20
叶片长 length of leaf	0.96	-0.04	0.14	0.23	-0.02	0.09
叶片宽 Width of leaf	0.95	-0.21	0.12	0.22	-0.10	0.08
叶柄长Length of petiole	0.83	0.15	0.05	0.20	0.07	0.03
叶裂宽 Lplit width of leaf	0.68	-0.48	0.38	0.16	-0.23	0.24
叶脉角 Vein angle	-0.14	0.38	0.78	-0.03	0.19	0.49
叶裂数 Split number of leaf	0.70	-0.42	-0.37	0.17	-0.20	-0.23

基于枝条和叶片表型性状的掌叶覆盆子种质资源多样性研究

Diversity of Rubus chingii germplasm resources based on twig and leaf phenotypic traits

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成分 Components	初始特征值Initial eigenvalue			主成分特征值Principal component eigenvalu
成分 Components	特征值 Eigenvalue	方差贡献率 Variance contribution rate/%	累积方差贡献率 Cumulative variance contribution rate/%	特征值 Eigenvalue	方差贡献率 Variance contribution rate/%	累积方差贡献率 Cumulative variance contribution rate/%
1	4.26	42.61	42.61	4.26	42.61	42.61
2	2.05	20.52	63.13	2.05	20.52	63.13
3	1.59	15.91	79.04	1.59	15.91	79.04
4	0.87	8.74	87.78
5	0.44	4.43	92.21

性状Characters	第Ⅰ类ClusterⅠ	第Ⅱ类ClusterⅡ	第Ⅲ类Cluster Ⅲ
株高Plant height/m	1.76±0.27 a	1.91±0.30 a	1.86±0.17 a
地径 Ground diameter/mm	17.00±2.55 b	15.65 ±3.01 b	19.20 ±1.53 a
冠幅 Crown breadth/m	1.43 ±0.34 a	1.30±0.36 a	1.30±0.32 a
分枝数 Branching number	3.02±1.56 a	3.13 ±1.32 a	2.60±0.89 a
叶片长Length of leaf/cm	11.10±1.53 b	10.67±1.55 b	15.41±0.90 a
叶片宽 Width of leaf/cm	9.88±1.68 b	9.13±1.74 b	15.33±1.31 a
叶柄长Length of petiole/cm	3.72±0.72 b	3.63±0.63 b	4.99±0.49 a
叶裂宽 Split width of leaf/cm	1.00±0.29 b	0.95±0.34 b	1.91±0.14 a
叶脉角 Vein angle/(°)	48.31±4.64 b	54.51±3.99 a	53.19±2.77 a
叶裂数 Split number of leaf	5.61±0.59 a	5.08±0.70 b	6.00±0 a

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