浙江农业学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (10): 2259-2267.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2022.10.20
张金萍1,2(), 陈照明2, 王强2,*(
), 马军伟2, 俞巧钢2, 叶静2, 马进川2, 孙万春2
收稿日期:
2021-09-01
出版日期:
2022-10-25
发布日期:
2022-10-26
通讯作者:
王强
作者简介:
*王强,E-mail: qwang0571@126.com基金资助:
ZHANG Jinping1,2(), CHEN Zhaoming2, WANG Qiang2,*(
), MA Junwei2, YU Qiaogang2, YE Jing2, MA Jinchuan2, SUN Wanchun2
Received:
2021-09-01
Online:
2022-10-25
Published:
2022-10-26
Contact:
WANG Qiang
摘要:
通过温室盆栽试验,研究在基肥中施用不同比例的缓释肥对单季晚稻分蘖动态、水稻生长和氮素吸收的影响,拟为单季晚稻一次性施肥技术提供理论指导。试验共设5个处理:N0,不施氮;CF,常规施肥;20%SRN,基肥中20%的氮用缓释氮肥提供;40%SRN,基肥中40%的氮用缓释氮肥提供;60%SRN,基肥中60%的氮用缓释氮肥提供。除N0外,各处理的施氮量相等。结果表明:各施氮处理的水稻分蘖数随移栽时间的变化均符合一元二次方程(P<0.05)。与CF相比,施用缓释肥并未显著(P>0.05)增加水稻的理论最大分蘖数和成穗率,对水稻产量亦无显著影响。在分蘖盛期、孕穗期,各施氮处理根部和地上部的氮素累积量无显著差异,但与CF处理相比,20%SRN和40%SRN处理显著(P<0.05)降低了水稻成熟期地上部的氮素吸收量和氮素表观利用率。综上,与CF处理相比,在基肥中施用不同比例的缓释氮肥并不会增加水稻的无效分蘖。60%SRN处理的水稻产量、成穗率、氮素吸收利用与CF处理并无显著差异。
中图分类号:
张金萍, 陈照明, 王强, 马军伟, 俞巧钢, 叶静, 马进川, 孙万春. 缓释肥占基肥比例对单季晚稻分蘖和氮素吸收利用的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2022, 34(10): 2259-2267.
ZHANG Jinping, CHEN Zhaoming, WANG Qiang, MA Junwei, YU Qiaogang, YE Jing, MA Jinchuan, SUN Wanchun. Effect of proportion of slow-release nitrogen in base fertilizer on tillering and nitrogen uptake and utilization of single-cropping late rice[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2022, 34(10): 2259-2267.
处理 Treatment | 基肥(缓释氮肥) Base fertilizer (slow-release nitrogen fertilizer) | 分蘖肥 Tillering fertilizer | 穗肥 Ear fertilizer | 合计 Total |
---|---|---|---|---|
N0 | 0(0) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
CF | 1.11(0) | 0.83 | 0.83 | 2.77 |
20%SRN | 2.77(0.54) | 0 | 0 | 2.77 |
40%SRN | 2.77(1.10) | 0 | 0 | 2.77 |
60%SRN | 2.77(1.66) | 0 | 0 | 2.27 |
表1 各处理的氮肥运筹
Table 1 Nitrogen fertilizer management of different treatments g
处理 Treatment | 基肥(缓释氮肥) Base fertilizer (slow-release nitrogen fertilizer) | 分蘖肥 Tillering fertilizer | 穗肥 Ear fertilizer | 合计 Total |
---|---|---|---|---|
N0 | 0(0) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
CF | 1.11(0) | 0.83 | 0.83 | 2.77 |
20%SRN | 2.77(0.54) | 0 | 0 | 2.77 |
40%SRN | 2.77(1.10) | 0 | 0 | 2.77 |
60%SRN | 2.77(1.66) | 0 | 0 | 2.27 |
处理 Treatment | 拟合方程 Fitting equation | R2 | 理论最大分蘖数 Theoretical maximum tillers | 理论最大分蘖时间 Theoretical maximum tiller time/d |
---|---|---|---|---|
N0 | y=-0.002 9x2+0.244 3x+3.173 5 | 0.769 4* | 8.3 | 42.1 |
CF | y=-0.006 5x2+0.616 8x+1.551 4 | 0.900 1** | 16.2 | 47.5 |
20%SRN | y=-0.005 2x2+0.555 2x+0.911 6 | 0.916 6** | 15.7 | 53.4 |
40%SRN | y=-0.006 4x2+0.568 0x+3.890 1 | 0.932 6** | 16.5 | 44.4 |
60%SRN | y=-0.006 0x2+0.582 3x+2.267 2 | 0.916 9** | 16.4 | 48.5 |
表2 不同处理下水稻分蘖动态的拟合结果
Table 2 Fitting results of rice tillering dynamics under different treatments
处理 Treatment | 拟合方程 Fitting equation | R2 | 理论最大分蘖数 Theoretical maximum tillers | 理论最大分蘖时间 Theoretical maximum tiller time/d |
---|---|---|---|---|
N0 | y=-0.002 9x2+0.244 3x+3.173 5 | 0.769 4* | 8.3 | 42.1 |
CF | y=-0.006 5x2+0.616 8x+1.551 4 | 0.900 1** | 16.2 | 47.5 |
20%SRN | y=-0.005 2x2+0.555 2x+0.911 6 | 0.916 6** | 15.7 | 53.4 |
40%SRN | y=-0.006 4x2+0.568 0x+3.890 1 | 0.932 6** | 16.5 | 44.4 |
60%SRN | y=-0.006 0x2+0.582 3x+2.267 2 | 0.916 9** | 16.4 | 48.5 |
图2 不同处理对水稻成穗率的影响柱上无相同字母的表示处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。下同。
Fig.2 Effect of different treatments on rice spike rate Bars marked without the same letters indicated significant difference at P<0.05. The same as below.
处理 Treatment | 分蘖盛期Tillering stage | 孕穗期Booting stage | 成熟期Maturity stage | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
R | S | R | S | R | S | |
N0 | 0.97±0.25 c | 3.87±0.38 d | 3.10±0.62 c | 10.15±0.49 c | 7.73±0.65 d | 33.37±0.80 c |
CF | 2.57±0.06 a | 11.05±0.78 a | 9.03±0.68 b | 37.07±3.05 b | 11.00±0.40 c | 76.12±3.52 a |
20%SRN | 1.53±0.21 b | 8.10±0.92 bc | 10.85±0.35 a | 45.45±4.88 a | 12.47±0.95 ab | 66.70±3.21 b |
40%SRN | 1.53±0.40 b | 8.43±0.76 b | 10.87±0.75 a | 43.37±0.25 a | 11.32±0.92 bc | 66.11±1.43 b |
60%SRN | 1.67±0.31 b | 6.80±0.42 c | 9.30±0.00 b | 35.30±2.26 b | 13.28±0.07 a | 74.37±1.23 a |
表3 不同处理对水稻不同生育期地上部和根部干物质积累的影响
Table 3 Effects of different treatments on dry matter accumulation of rice root and shoot at different growth stages g
处理 Treatment | 分蘖盛期Tillering stage | 孕穗期Booting stage | 成熟期Maturity stage | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
R | S | R | S | R | S | |
N0 | 0.97±0.25 c | 3.87±0.38 d | 3.10±0.62 c | 10.15±0.49 c | 7.73±0.65 d | 33.37±0.80 c |
CF | 2.57±0.06 a | 11.05±0.78 a | 9.03±0.68 b | 37.07±3.05 b | 11.00±0.40 c | 76.12±3.52 a |
20%SRN | 1.53±0.21 b | 8.10±0.92 bc | 10.85±0.35 a | 45.45±4.88 a | 12.47±0.95 ab | 66.70±3.21 b |
40%SRN | 1.53±0.40 b | 8.43±0.76 b | 10.87±0.75 a | 43.37±0.25 a | 11.32±0.92 bc | 66.11±1.43 b |
60%SRN | 1.67±0.31 b | 6.80±0.42 c | 9.30±0.00 b | 35.30±2.26 b | 13.28±0.07 a | 74.37±1.23 a |
处理 Treatment | 分蘖盛期 Tillering stage | 孕穗期 Booting stage | 成熟期 Maturity stage |
---|---|---|---|
N0 | 0.25±0.07 ab | 0.27±0.02 a | 0.23±0.02 a |
CF | 0.26±0.04 a | 0.24±0.01 a | 0.14±0.01 c |
20%SRN | 0.19±0.01 ab | 0.23±0.02 a | 0.20±0.01 b |
40%SRN | 0.18±0.03 b | 0.25±0.02 a | 0.18±0.02 b |
60%SRN | 0.21±0.03 ab | 0.27±0.05 a | 0.17±0.01 b |
表4 不同处理对水稻不同生育期根冠比的影响
Table 4 Effects of different treatments on root-shoot ratio at different growth stages g
处理 Treatment | 分蘖盛期 Tillering stage | 孕穗期 Booting stage | 成熟期 Maturity stage |
---|---|---|---|
N0 | 0.25±0.07 ab | 0.27±0.02 a | 0.23±0.02 a |
CF | 0.26±0.04 a | 0.24±0.01 a | 0.14±0.01 c |
20%SRN | 0.19±0.01 ab | 0.23±0.02 a | 0.20±0.01 b |
40%SRN | 0.18±0.03 b | 0.25±0.02 a | 0.18±0.02 b |
60%SRN | 0.21±0.03 ab | 0.27±0.05 a | 0.17±0.01 b |
处理 Treatment | 分蘖盛期Tillering stage | 孕穗期Booting stage | 成熟期Maturity stage | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
R | S | R | S | R | S | |
N0 | 0.008 7±0.001 9 b | 0.060 8±0.002 9 b | 0.015 8±0.002 1 b | 0.114 8±0.030 9 b | 0.044 0±0.002 5 b | 0.252 2±0.018 1 c |
CF | 0.030 0±0.006 8 a | 0.252 8±0.051 3 a | 0.054 5±0.002 0 a | 0.438 9±0.048 2 a | 0.061 7±0.005 0 ab | 0.594 6±0.026 5 a |
20%SRN | 0.025 0±0.003 8 a | 0.270 4±0.049 5 a | 0.063 9±0.015 4 a | 0.490 6±0.117 8 a | 0.071 7±0.011 1 ab | 0.475 3±0.058 9 b |
40%SRN | 0.023 3±0.004 4 a | 0.273 7±0.034 4 a | 0.066 8±0.006 6 a | 0.449 3±0.042 6 a | 0.060 5±0.004 7 ab | 0.504 6±0.046 3 b |
60%SRN | 0.024 2±0.004 1 a | 0.236 2±0.065 9 a | 0.060 0±0.006 6 a | 0.523 2±0.032 0 a | 0.092 6±0.048 2 a | 0.546 0±0.149 9 a |
表5 不同处理对水稻不同生育期氮素吸收的影响
Table 5 Effects of different treatments on nitrogen accumulation at different growth stages g
处理 Treatment | 分蘖盛期Tillering stage | 孕穗期Booting stage | 成熟期Maturity stage | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
R | S | R | S | R | S | |
N0 | 0.008 7±0.001 9 b | 0.060 8±0.002 9 b | 0.015 8±0.002 1 b | 0.114 8±0.030 9 b | 0.044 0±0.002 5 b | 0.252 2±0.018 1 c |
CF | 0.030 0±0.006 8 a | 0.252 8±0.051 3 a | 0.054 5±0.002 0 a | 0.438 9±0.048 2 a | 0.061 7±0.005 0 ab | 0.594 6±0.026 5 a |
20%SRN | 0.025 0±0.003 8 a | 0.270 4±0.049 5 a | 0.063 9±0.015 4 a | 0.490 6±0.117 8 a | 0.071 7±0.011 1 ab | 0.475 3±0.058 9 b |
40%SRN | 0.023 3±0.004 4 a | 0.273 7±0.034 4 a | 0.066 8±0.006 6 a | 0.449 3±0.042 6 a | 0.060 5±0.004 7 ab | 0.504 6±0.046 3 b |
60%SRN | 0.024 2±0.004 1 a | 0.236 2±0.065 9 a | 0.060 0±0.006 6 a | 0.523 2±0.032 0 a | 0.092 6±0.048 2 a | 0.546 0±0.149 9 a |
处理 Treatment | 氮素表观利用率 Apparent nitrogen utilization rate |
---|---|
CF | 73.94±6.29 a |
20%SRN | 56.16±1.64 b |
40%SRN | 54.50±7.40 b |
60%SRN | 82.51±8.32 a |
表6 不同处理对氮肥利用效率的影响
Table 6 Effects of different treatments on nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency %
处理 Treatment | 氮素表观利用率 Apparent nitrogen utilization rate |
---|---|
CF | 73.94±6.29 a |
20%SRN | 56.16±1.64 b |
40%SRN | 54.50±7.40 b |
60%SRN | 82.51±8.32 a |
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