基于农艺性状的辣椒种质资源遗传多样性

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20231041

浙江农业学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (2): 325-333.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20231041

基于农艺性状的辣椒种质资源遗传多样性

张婷¹(), 王雪艳¹, 郭勤卫¹, 李朝森¹, 刘慧琴¹, 项小敏¹, 韦静¹, 赵东风¹, 万红建²^,^*()

1.衢州市农业林业科学研究院蔬菜研究所,浙江衢州 324000
2.浙江省农业科学院蔬菜研究所,浙江杭州 310021

收稿日期:2023-09-01 出版日期:2024-02-25 发布日期:2024-03-05
作者简介:张婷(1990—),女,江西抚州人,硕士,农艺师,主要从事辣椒遗传育种研究。E-mail:zhang17891@163.com
通讯作者: *万红建,E-mail:wanhongjian@sina.com
基金资助:
衢州市科技局项目(2021K15);衢州市科技局项目(2022K22);浙江省蔬菜育种专项(2021C02065-1-4)

Genetic diversity of pepper germplasm resources based on agronomic traits

ZHANG Ting¹(), WANG Xueyan¹, GUO Qinwei¹, LI Chaosen¹, LIU Huiqin¹, XIANG Xiaomin¹, WEI Jing¹, ZHAO Dongfeng¹, WAN Hongjian²^,^*()

1. Institute of Vegetable, Quzhou Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Quzhou 324000, Zhejiang, China
2. Institute of Vegetable, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China

Received:2023-09-01 Online:2024-02-25 Published:2024-03-05

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为深入了解衢州市农业林业科学研究院收集的辣椒种质资源的遗传多样性,提高种质利用率,为辣椒遗传育种提供理论依据。对193份辣椒种质的18个农艺性状进行遗传多样性分析、相关性分析、主成分分析和聚类分析。结果发现,193份供试材料的果实表型具有丰富的遗传多样性,遗传多样性指数范围为4.95~5.25,成熟果色遗传多样性指数最大。9个数量性状(果长、果宽、单果重、心室数、主茎高度、首花节位、现蕾期、开花期、坐果期)的变异系数为23.25%~81.98%,其中单果重变异系数最大。各性状间关系复杂,主成分分析中累积贡献率为96%,18个性状可简化为6个主成分。聚类分析将供试材料划分为3个类群,其中大部分青熟果颜色为白色的种质资源集中在Ⅰ类群,该类群种质数量最多,有150份,Ⅱ类群种质大多数引自美国,Ⅲ类群中种质果形较大。鉴于类群间辣椒种质的遗传背景及其在果形、花期、主茎高等方面存在的差异,可进行类群间杂交,从而提高辣椒育种效率。

关键词: 辣椒, 种质, 农艺性状, 遗传多样性

Abstract:

To clearly understanding the genetic diversity of pepper germplasm resources collected by Quzhou Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, improving the utilization of germplasm, and providing theoretical basis for pepper breeding. Genetic diversity analysis, correlation analysis, principal component analysis and cluster analysis were performed on 18 agronomic traits of 193 pepper germplasm resources. The results showed that the fruit phenotype of the tested materials exhibited abundant genetic diversity, the genetic diversity index ranged from 4.95 to 5.25, and the mature fruit color had the highest genetic diversity index. The coefficient of variation of 9 quantitative traits (fruit length, fruit width, single fruit weight, carpel number, main stem height, first flower node, squaring stage, flowering stage and fruit setting stage ) ranged from 23.25% to 81.98%, and the highest coefficient of variation was observed in single fruit weight. The relationship among the traits was complex, and the cumulative contribution rate in principal component analysis was 96%. The 18 traits could be simplified into 6 principal components. The tested materials were divided into 3 groups by cluster analysis, of which groups I contained most of germplasm resources with white green ripe fruit color, the number of germplasm resources in group I was the largest, with 150. Most of the germplasm resources in group Ⅱ were introduced from the United States, and the germplasm resources in group Ⅲ had larger fruit shape. In view of the genetic background of pepper germplasm among groups and the differences in fruit shape, flowering period and main stem height, hybridization among groups can be carried out to improve breeding efficiency of pepper.

Key words: pepper, germplasm, agronomic trait, genetic diversity

中图分类号:

S641.3

张婷, 王雪艳, 郭勤卫, 李朝森, 刘慧琴, 项小敏, 韦静, 赵东风, 万红建. 基于农艺性状的辣椒种质资源遗传多样性[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2024, 36(2): 325-333.

ZHANG Ting, WANG Xueyan, GUO Qinwei, LI Chaosen, LIU Huiqin, XIANG Xiaomin, WEI Jing, ZHAO Dongfeng, WAN Hongjian. Genetic diversity of pepper germplasm resources based on agronomic traits[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2024, 36(2): 325-333.

图/表 7

参考文献 21

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性状Trait	描述与赋值Description and assignment
绒毛密度 Villus density	无或极疏=1;疏=3;中=5;密=7;极密=9 None or extremely sparse=1; Sparse=3; Medium=5; Dense=7; Extremely dense=9
花冠颜色 Corolla color	白色=1;浅紫=2;紫色=3;浅绿色=4 White =1; Light purple=2; Purple=3; Light green=4
花药颜色 Anther color	乳白色=1;黄色=2;蓝色=3;蓝紫色=4;紫色=5 Cream=1;Yellow=2; Blue=3; Bluish violet=4; Purple=5
花柱颜色 Style color	白色=1;浅紫=2;紫色=3 White =1; Light Purple=2; Purple=3
柱头相对于花药的位置 Position of stigma relative to anther	低于=1;等高=2;高于=3 Lower=1; Equal height =2; Higher=3
青熟果色 Green ripe fruit color	白色=1;浅绿=2;绿色=3;紫色=4;深绿=5;黄色=6 White =1; Light green=2; Green=3; Purple=4; Dark green=5; Yellow=6
成熟果色 Mature fruit color	黄色=1;橙色=2;红色=3;棕色=4;紫=5 Yellow=1; Orange=2; Red=3; Brown=4; violet=5
萼片形态 Sepal morphology	不包被=1;浅包=2;包被=3 Uncovered=1; Slightly covered=2; Covered=3
果实先端形状 Fruit tip shape	尖=1;圆=2;凹=3 Sharp=1; Round=2; Dented=3

性状Trait	描述与赋值Description and assignment
绒毛密度 Villus density	无或极疏=1;疏=3;中=5;密=7;极密=9 None or extremely sparse=1; Sparse=3; Medium=5; Dense=7; Extremely dense=9
花冠颜色 Corolla color	白色=1;浅紫=2;紫色=3;浅绿色=4 White =1; Light purple=2; Purple=3; Light green=4
花药颜色 Anther color	乳白色=1;黄色=2;蓝色=3;蓝紫色=4;紫色=5 Cream=1;Yellow=2; Blue=3; Bluish violet=4; Purple=5
花柱颜色 Style color	白色=1;浅紫=2;紫色=3 White =1; Light Purple=2; Purple=3
柱头相对于花药的位置 Position of stigma relative to anther	低于=1;等高=2;高于=3 Lower=1; Equal height =2; Higher=3
青熟果色 Green ripe fruit color	白色=1;浅绿=2;绿色=3;紫色=4;深绿=5;黄色=6 White =1; Light green=2; Green=3; Purple=4; Dark green=5; Yellow=6
成熟果色 Mature fruit color	黄色=1;橙色=2;红色=3;棕色=4;紫=5 Yellow=1; Orange=2; Red=3; Brown=4; violet=5
萼片形态 Sepal morphology	不包被=1;浅包=2;包被=3 Uncovered=1; Slightly covered=2; Covered=3
果实先端形状 Fruit tip shape	尖=1;圆=2;凹=3 Sharp=1; Round=2; Dented=3

性状 Character	Shannon多样性指数 Shannon’s diversity index	性状 Character	Shannon多样性指数 Shannon’s diversity index
FL	5.14	SC	5.06
FW	5.14	SP	5.19
SFW	4.95	GFC	5.18
CN	5.23	MFC	5.25
SH	5.06	SM	5.20
FFN	5.18	FTS	5.17
VD	4.98	BS	5.18
CC	5.20	FS	5.22
AC	5.22	SS	5.22

性状 Character	Shannon多样性指数 Shannon’s diversity index	性状 Character	Shannon多样性指数 Shannon’s diversity index
FL	5.14	SC	5.06
FW	5.14	SP	5.19
SFW	4.95	GFC	5.18
CN	5.23	MFC	5.25
SH	5.06	SM	5.20
FFN	5.18	FTS	5.17
VD	4.98	BS	5.18
CC	5.20	FS	5.22
AC	5.22	SS	5.22

性状 Trait	平均值 Mean	最大值 Maximum value	最小值 Minimum value	标准差 Standard deviation	变异系数 CV/%
FL/cm	14.961	34.00	1.00	6.63	45.41
FW/cm	2.62	13.00	0.40	1.40	53.53
SFW/g	24.17	112.00	0.62	19.82	81.98
CN	2.43	4.00	2.00	0.56	23.25
SH/cm	25.28	66.00	10.00	0.79	38.87
FFN	10.68	29.00	5.00	4.45	41.74
BS	28.62	67.00	16.00	12.27	43.01
FS	40.45	74.00	3.19	11.65	28.81
SS	51.04	94.00	3.19	13.19	25.85

基于农艺性状的辣椒种质资源遗传多样性

Genetic diversity of pepper germplasm resources based on agronomic traits

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性状 Trait	SH	FFN	VD	CC	AC	SC	SP	GFC	MFC	SM	CN	FTS	FL	FW	SFW	BS	FS
FFN	0.820^**
VD	-0.178^*	-0.214^**
CC	0.125	0.112	0.063
AC	-0.283^*	-0.319^*	0.299^*	0.058
SC	-0.009	-0.052	0.144^*	0.299^*	0.148^*
SP	0.236^**	0.281	-0.067	0.091	-0.012	0.083
GFC	0.060	0.066	-0.172^*	-0.014	-0.029	-0.114	0.191^**
MFC	-0.037	0.011	-0.047	-0.041	-0.151^*	0.048	0.168^*	0.176^*
SM	-0.116	-0.115	0.141	0.053	0.227^**	0.174^*	0.008	-0.131	0.007
CN	-0.175^*	-0.168^*	0.204^*	0.005	0.135	-0.002	-0.153^*	-0.129	-0.143^*	-0.050
FTS	-0.048	-0.098	-0.027	0.049	-0.041	-0.034	0.010	0.096	0.028	0.288^*	0.188^**
FL	-0.379^**	-0.481^**	0.065	-0.221^**	0.129	-0.010	-0.287^*	-0.138	-0.074	0.084	0.044	-0.065
FW	-0.169^*	-0.162^*	-0.112	-0.112	-0.124	-0.139	-0.230^**	0.025	-0.021	-0.463^**	0.233^**	0.318^*	0.206^**
SFW	-0.157^*	-0.256^**	-0.096	-0.154^*	-0.149^*	-0.157^*	-0.331^**	-0.111	-0.024	-0.361^**	0.22^**	0.212^*	0.499^**	0.506^**
BS	0.517^**	0.586^**	-0.231^**	0.162^*	-0.274^**	0.032	0.301^*	-0.023	0.103	-0.139	-0.138	-0.031	-0.431^**	-0.082	-0.269^**
FS	0.532^**	0.616^**	-0.179^*	0.152^*	-0.312^*	0.047	0.315^*	-0.058	0.133	-0.172	-0.172^*	-0.088	-0.402^**	-0.123	-0.258^**	0.918^**
SS	0.533^**	0.595^**	-0.193^**	0.145^*	-0.317^*	0.064	0.313^*	-0.036	0.168^*	-0.145	-0.194^**	-0.119	-0.374^**	-0.239	-0.239^**	0.866^**	0.944^**

性状 Trait	主成分Principal component
性状 Trait	PC1	PC2	PC3	PC4	PC5	PC6
SH	0.66	-0.02	0.22	-0.27	0.04	-0.38
FFN	0.73	-0.04	0.28	-0.24	-0.04	-0.32
VD	-0.16	-0.16	-0.02	0.69	0.08	0.02
CC	0.12	0.04	0.14	0.01	0.79	-0.17
AC	-0.41	-0.24	0.14	0.47	0.15	-0.07
SC	-0.01	-0.15	-0.08	0.08	0.79	0.16
SP	0.28	-0.11	0.56	0.00	0.07	0.26
GFC	-0.20	0.17	0.65	-0.36	-0.09	0.13
MFC	0.10	0.03	0.15	-0.13	-0.01	0.82
SM	-0.06	-0.73	-0.06	0.16	0.11	0.08
CN	0.01	0.37	-0.11	0.67	-0.06	-0.14
FTS	-0.09	0.68	0.23	0.16	0.12	0.06
FL	-0.46	0.00	-0.63	-0.11	-0.07	0.15
FW	-0.09	0.75	-0.27	-0.02	-0.10	0.06
SFW	-0.21	0.57	-0.57	-015	-0.11	0.02
BS	0.91	0	0.10	-0.04	0.07	0.10
FS	0.94	-0.06	0.04	-0.05	0.06	0.14
SS	0.92	-0.07	0.04	-0.09	0.07	0.17
特征值Eigenvalue	4.13	2.20	1.81	1.52	1.37	1.19
贡献率Contribution rate/%	34	18	15	12	11	6
累计贡献率Cumulative contribution rate/%	34	52	67	79	90	96

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